CN-118048543-B - Titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material and preparation method thereof

CN118048543BCN 118048543 BCN118048543 BCN 118048543BCN-118048543-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of (1) weighing raw materials, namely weighing aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy, industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge according to a proportion, and (2) smelting, namely placing the weighed industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge into a water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc furnace, heating to 850-1150 ℃ for smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot, and placing the obtained aluminum alloy ingot and the obtained aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy into the same water-cooled copper crucible for smelting to obtain the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si-based composite material. According to the invention, the titanium phosphide particles are used for reinforcing the Al-Si based composite material, the original generated TiP particles and the nano AlP particles formed by the evolution of the TiP form micro-nano double-scale reinforcement, so that the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the Al-Si based composite material at high temperature are improved.

Inventors

NIE JINFENG
ZHA YUHUI
ZHI YATING
ZOU WENBING
ZHANG XULIANG

Assignees

南京理工大学
新江科技(江苏)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20240112

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: weighing raw materials, namely weighing an aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy, industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge according to a proportion; Smelting, namely putting the weighed industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge into a water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc furnace, heating to 850-1150 ℃ to melt to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot, putting the obtained aluminum alloy ingot and an aluminum phosphorus intermediate alloy into the same water-cooled copper crucible, and smelting to obtain the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si-based composite material; the raw materials in the step (1) are specifically in mass percent: 7.9-75.0% of industrial pure aluminum, 5.0-82.0% of aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy, 1.0-21.0% of industrial pure silicon and 0.1-15.0% of titanium sponge; The step (2) comprises the following steps: step (21), placing the industrial pure aluminum, the industrial pure silicon and the titanium sponge into a water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace from bottom to top; Vacuumizing to 3X 10 -5 Pa, introducing argon shielding gas to 5X 10 2 Pa, opening a smelting direct current switch, smelting for 1-2 min under the current condition of 130A, and smelting for 1min under the current condition of 180-190A to obtain an ingot; step (23), repeatedly overturning and smelting the cast ingot obtained in the step (22) for 3-5 times to obtain an aluminum alloy cast ingot with uniform structure; And (24) placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot obtained in the step (23) and the aluminum phosphorus intermediate alloy in the same water-cooled crucible, vacuumizing to 3X 10 -5 Pa, then introducing argon shielding gas to 5X 10 2 Pa, opening a smelting direct current switch, smelting the aluminum alloy cast ingot and the aluminum phosphorus intermediate alloy, firstly smelting for 1-2 min under the current condition of 130A, then smelting for 1-2 min under the current condition of 180-190A, and repeatedly turning over and smelting for 3-5 times to obtain the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si-based composite material.
2. The method of producing a titanium phosphide particle-reinforced Al-Si-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, prior to step (22), titanium sponge is placed in another water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace, and oxygen in the vacuum chamber is absorbed by melting the titanium sponge.
3. A titanium phosphide particle-reinforced Al-Si-based composite material, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the titanium phosphide particle-reinforced Al-Si-based composite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
4. A titanium phosphide particle-reinforced Al-Si-based composite material according to claim 3, comprising TiP particles generated by in-situ reaction and dispersed in an Al-Si matrix, and nano-scale AlP particles.
5. The titanium phosphide particle-reinforced Al-Si-based composite material according to claim 4, wherein the TiP particle size is 0.2 to 10 μm.

Description

Titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background The cast Al-Si alloy is widely used for manufacturing key parts of engines such as cylinders, pistons and the like due to the characteristics of low density, good heat conduction performance, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent casting performance and the like. However, as the requirements of light weight, energy saving, environmental protection and the like of automobiles are increasing, the engine is developed towards higher power, and the piston and the like as core parts are required to bear larger mechanical load, thermal load and friction load. Therefore, higher requirements are put on the high-temperature mechanical properties of the material. The particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material is the metal-based composite material which is most widely researched at present and most applied, and the common particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material is usually prepared by adopting an external method, but the bonding capability of the reinforced particles and an aluminum matrix interface is poor, the advantages of the reinforced particles are difficult to develop, the stability of the reinforced particles is difficult to control in mass production, and the defects can be overcome by utilizing an in-situ synthesis method in an aluminum alloy melt. The size of primary silicon in the alloy structure increases progressively, severely fracturing the aluminum matrix and decreasing the strength and toughness of the alloy as the silicon content increases, as reported in the article "Effect of trace bismuth on the solidification structure of hypereutectic Al-22Si alloy" by Y.F.Wang et al, MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS, 2024,38. Under the action of external force, stress concentration and microcracks appear at the sharp corners of the primary crystal silicon phase, so that the strength and toughness of the alloy are greatly reduced, the use of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is limited, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy is deteriorated. Therefore, refining of primary crystal Si phase in Al-Si alloy is of great importance. At present, there are many reports on particle reinforced Al-Si based composite materials at home and abroad, for example "Strength-ductility balance strategy in SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites via deformation-driven metallurgy" published by Dongxin Mao et Al in Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2022 891 reports on an aluminum Al-Si based composite material with a diameter of 16mm and a height of 1mm produced by a deformation-driven metallurgy (DDM) process, and the prepared SiC/AMCs have uniform microstructure and good material performance, but have long preparation time and poor interface bonding effect of SiC particles and aluminum matrix. The nanometer particle can obviously improve the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the aluminum-silicon-based composite material, but the plastic toughness is greatly reduced, while the nanometer particle can keep better plastic toughness while improving the strength, but the nanometer particle is easy to agglomerate due to the large specific surface energy. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is that the preparation method of the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si based composite material comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials, namely weighing an aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy, industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge according to a proportion; Smelting, namely putting the weighed industrial pure aluminum, industrial pure silicon and titanium sponge into a water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc furnace, heating to 850-1150 ℃ for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot, and putting the obtained aluminum alloy ingot and an aluminum phosphorus intermediate alloy into the same water-cooled copper crucible for smelting to obtain the titanium phosphide particle reinforced Al-Si-based composite material. Further, the raw materials in the step (1) are specifically in mass percent: 7.9-75.0% of industrial pure aluminum, 5.0-82.0% of aluminum-phosphorus intermediate alloy, 1.0-21.0% of industrial pure silicon and 0.1-15.0% of titanium sponge. Further, the step (2) specifically comprises: step (21), placing the industrial pure aluminum, the industrial pure silicon and the titanium sponge into a water-cooled copper crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace from bottom to top; Vacuumizing to 3X 10 -5 Pa, introducing argon sh