CN-118059884-B - Self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide and preparation method thereof

CN118059884BCN 118059884 BCN118059884 BCN 118059884BCN-118059884-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of space environment disinfection. The invention provides a self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide and a preparation method thereof. The composite nano-catalyst is AlCrFePt/NF quaternary composite nano-catalyst, the AlCrFePt/NF quaternary composite nano-catalyst comprises a catalyst active component and a catalyst active component carrier, wherein the catalyst active component consists of Al, fe, cr and Pt, the catalyst active component carrier is foam nickel, and the catalyst active component is uniformly loaded on the surface of a catalyst active component carrier substrate. The composite nano catalyst can efficiently decompose hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, and has good stability. The preparation method is a one-pot hydrothermal method, does not need special instruments and equipment, has simple process and technology, saves cost, is easy to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production. Solves the problems of high cost and low catalytic efficiency of the catalyst for vaporizing hydrogen peroxide decomposition.

Inventors

ZHAO LEI
LI HAIYUN
ZHU MENGFU
DENG CHENG
YI YING
WU JINHUI
ZHANG ENLEI
LIU QIANG

Assignees

军事科学院系统工程研究院卫勤保障技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20240118

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, preprocessing foam nickel to obtain preprocessed foam nickel, and transferring the preprocessed foam nickel into a reaction kettle; s2, respectively adding Al salt, cr salt, fe salt, pt salt and urea into ultrapure water, and magnetically stirring to obtain a precursor solution; S3, transferring the precursor solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction treatment on the pretreated foam nickel and the precursor solution, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product; S4, washing the hydrothermal reaction product by utilizing ethanol and ultrapure water, and drying to obtain the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing and vaporizing hydrogen peroxide.
2. The method for preparing the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the step of pretreating foam nickel to obtain pretreated foam nickel, and transferring the pretreated foam nickel into a reaction kettle comprises the steps of: S11, adding the foam nickel into a propanol solution, and degreasing to obtain degreased foam nickel; s12, adding the defatted foam nickel into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, and carrying out soaking treatment; S13, adding the degreased foam nickel soaked in the absolute ethyl alcohol solution into a hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out soaking treatment to obtain the pretreated foam nickel; s14, transferring the pretreated foam nickel into a reaction kettle.
3. The method for preparing the self-supporting multi-component composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 2, wherein the degreasing temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the soaking time is 10-20 min, and the soaking temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the soaking time is 10-20 min.
4. The method for preparing the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the Al salt, the Fe salt and the Cr salt are one of chloride salt and nitrate salt, and the Pt salt is one of chloroplatinic acid, sodium chloroplatinate and potassium chloroplatinate.
5. The method for preparing the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the Al salt to the Fe salt to the Cr salt to the Pt salt to the urea is 1:8-10, 1:8-20, 1:5-8, 1:100-400, respectively.
6. The method for preparing the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a temperature of 100-200 ℃ for 6-12 hours.
7. The method for preparing the self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 4-6 hours.
8. The method of preparing a self-supporting multicomponent composite nanocatalyst for the decomposition of vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method is a one-pot method.
9. A self-supporting multicomponent composite nano-catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the composite nano-catalyst is AlCrFePt/NF quaternary composite nano-catalyst; the AlCrFePt/NF quaternary composite nano catalyst comprises a catalyst active component and a catalyst active component carrier, wherein the catalyst active component consists of Al, fe, cr and Pt, and the catalyst active component carrier is foam nickel; The catalyst active component is uniformly supported on the surface of the catalyst active component carrier substrate.
10. The self-supporting multicomponent composite nanocatalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide according to claim 9, wherein the catalyst active component is a nanoparticle having an average particle size of 470nm.

Description

Self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of space environment disinfection, in particular to a self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide and a preparation method thereof. Background At present, the traditional disinfection methods for biological pollution areas such as high-grade biosafety laboratories, on-site airtight spaces for sudden infectious diseases, hospital isolation wards, ambulances, operating rooms and the like mainly comprise ultraviolet disinfection, formaldehyde fumigation, ozone disinfection and the like. However, these methods have drawbacks in use, such as insufficient coverage, low sterilization efficiency, strong corrosiveness, high toxicity, and long residual time. The Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP) sterilization has the advantages of broad-spectrum sterilization efficiency, strong penetrating power, good distribution uniformity, material compatibility and the like, can effectively control microbial contamination, greatly reduces the corrosion risk of hydrogen peroxide to sterile environments and equipment, and becomes one of the most promising space sterilization technologies. However, after disinfection, the high-concentration vaporized hydrogen peroxide remained in the environment is easy to explode under the induction of external conditions such as light, heat and the like, and can generate irreversible harm to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract of a human body. Therefore, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the sterilizing space must be reduced to the harmless degree (< 1 ppm) regulated by the relevant standard after the sterilization is completed, and the process is more than 8 hours by relying on natural decomposition, so that the sterilization period is greatly prolonged, and the process becomes one of the bottlenecks for restricting the rapid sterilization of vaporized hydrogen peroxide. The catalytic decomposition of vaporized hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen by the action of an active catalyst is an efficient, simple and safe method, and the development of a high-performance catalyst is a key to the promotion of the application of the technology. The existing catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide exists in the form of powder, so that not only can gas flow be blocked, but also metal dust can be polluted. In addition, the powder catalyst is adhered to the surface of the filter, so that the problems of poor adhesion and the like exist, and the catalytic efficiency is affected. Noble metal Pt is considered as an effective active component for catalytically decomposing hydrogen peroxide, but noble metal Pt resources are scarce and expensive, which limits its wide application in industrialization. Therefore, there is a need for a low-cost and high-catalytic-efficiency composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide, which can be widely applied to industrialization and can rapidly decompose the vaporized hydrogen peroxide remained in the environment. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a self-supporting multicomponent composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of high cost and low catalytic efficiency of the existing catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide. In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: The invention provides a preparation method of a self-supporting multi-component composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide, which comprises the steps of S1, preprocessing foam nickel to obtain preprocessed foam nickel, transferring the preprocessed foam nickel into a reaction kettle, S2, respectively adding Al salt, cr salt, fe salt, pt salt and urea into ultrapure water, magnetically stirring the ultrapure water to obtain a precursor solution, S3, transferring the precursor solution into the reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the preprocessed foam nickel and the precursor solution, cooling the preprocessed foam nickel and the precursor solution to room temperature to obtain a hydrothermal reaction product, and S4, washing the hydrothermal reaction product by using ethanol and the ultrapure water, and drying the washed product to obtain the self-supporting multi-component composite nano catalyst for decomposing vaporized hydrogen peroxide. Further, the method comprises the steps of pretreating foam nickel to obtain pretreated foam nickel, transferring the pretreated foam nickel into a reaction kettle, wherein the step S11 of adding the foam nickel into a propanol solution and degreasing the foam nickel to obtain degreased foam nickel, the step S12 of adding the degreased foam nickel into a