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CN-118402387-B - Watermelon seedling grafting method and device

CN118402387BCN 118402387 BCN118402387 BCN 118402387BCN-118402387-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a watermelon seedling grafting method, which comprises a stock and a scion, wherein the stock comprises a solid node positioned between two leaves at the lowest part of an original seedling, a plant cavity is arranged below the solid node, the grafting method is adopted by firstly cutting off the part above the solid node, obliquely puncturing the solid node by a poking rod to enter the plant cavity, finally puncturing the inner wall of the plant cavity, wherein the poking angle of the poking rod is alpha, and a poking hole is reserved on the solid node, the lower end of the scion is cut into an inclined section, the inclination angle is equal to alpha, and finally the scion is inserted into the poking hole. The invention also discloses a grafting device, which comprises a first working hole arranged at the top of the first base, wherein the second base is provided with a linear driving device for driving the poking rod to move as a jack, and the poking rod is also provided with a blade capable of obliquely skipping the lower part of the first working hole. Therefore, when the poking rod moves as a jack to poke a poking hole in the stock, the lower end of the scion stock is also cut, and then grafting can be completed only by inserting the scion into the poking hole.

Inventors

  • SHI JUN
  • WANG YUHONG
  • YING QUANSHENG
  • ZHANG HUAFENG
  • YAN LEIYAN
  • ZHANG LEICHEN
  • HU ZIWEI

Assignees

  • 宁波市农业科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20240529

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The watermelon seedling grafting device is characterized by comprising a first base (4), wherein a first working hole (41) is formed in the top of the first base (4), the first working hole (41) is used for inserting original seedlings of scions (3), a second base (5) is arranged on the first base (4), a linear driving device (6) for driving a poking rod (2) to move in a jack is arranged on the second base (5), and a blade (7) capable of obliquely skipping the lower part of the first working hole (41) is further arranged on the poking rod (2); A first rotating shaft (51) is arranged between the first base (4) and the second base (5); A propping block (81) is arranged in the first working hole (41), and a spring (82) for propping the propping block (81) against the scion (3) is arranged; the first working hole (41) comprises a first blocking wall (411), the scion (3) is clamped between the first blocking wall (411) and the abutting block (81), and the first blocking wall (411) is positioned at one side of the initial position of the blade (7); The device is characterized in that a pushing block (83) is connected below the pushing block (81), a first meshing tooth (831) is arranged below the pushing block (83), a gear (84) is arranged below the first meshing tooth (831), a second meshing tooth (842) is arranged on the gear (84), a cake-shaped member (85) is coaxially fixed on the gear (84), the stamping rod (2) is an elastic memory metal tube with a hollow structure, through grooves (21) penetrating through two ends of the stamping rod are formed in the side wall of the stamping rod, the cake-shaped member (85) is inserted into the through grooves (21), and two end faces of the cake-shaped member (85) are inclined to each other; the first rotating shaft (51) and the rotating shaft of the gear (84) are coaxial, and the gear (84) is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (841) of the second base (5).
  2. 2. The watermelon seedling grafting device according to claim 1, wherein the blade (7) is a flexible metal sheet, is wrapped on the outer wall of the poking rod (2), bends in different radians along with the change of the size of the poking rod (2), and is provided with a second working hole (71) for inserting the original seedling of the scion (3).
  3. 3. A watermelon seedling grafting device according to claim 2 is characterized in that a third base (9) placed on a culture medium is arranged below the first base (4), a sliding mechanism (10) is arranged between the first base (4) and the third base (9) to enable the first base (4) to slide up and down relative to the third base (9), a first clamping arm (91) and a second clamping arm (92) for clamping a solid joint (11) are arranged on the third base (9), a first lever arm (911) connected with the first clamping arm (91) and a second lever arm (921) connected with the second clamping arm (92) are arranged on the third base (9), and a first lug (42) for pressing the first lever arm (911) and a second lug (43) for pressing the second lever arm (921) are arranged on the first base (4).
  4. 4. The watermelon seedling grafting device according to claim 3, wherein a distance sensing device is connected between the first clamping arm (91) and the second clamping arm (92) and the poking rod (2) respectively, and is used for stopping the poking and retreating in time when the poking rod (2) is about to puncture the inner wall of the plant cavity (12).
  5. 5. The grafting method using the watermelon seedling grafting device of claim 1, comprising a stock (1) and a scion (3), wherein the stock (1) comprises a solid node (11) positioned between two leaves at the lowest part of an original seedling, and a plant cavity (12) is arranged below the solid node (11), and is characterized in that: S01, the stock (1) is prepared by cutting off the part above the solid node (11) and reserving two leaves at the lowest part of the original seedling; S02, aligning the poking rod (2) above the solid joint (11) and obliquely poking, enabling the poking rod (2) to penetrate through the solid joint (11) and enter the plant cavity (12) and finally poke the inner wall of the plant cavity (12), enabling the poking rod (2) to poke an inclined angle alpha, and leaving a poking hole (13) in the solid joint (11); s03, cutting an inclined section from the lower end of the scion (3), wherein the inclination angle is equal to alpha; s04, inserting the scion (3) into the poking hole (13).

Description

Watermelon seedling grafting method and device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of plant grafting, and particularly relates to a watermelon seedling grafting method and device. Background In order to improve disease resistance, low temperature resistance and fruit quality and yield of watermelons, a grafting mode is generally adopted to cultivate watermelon seedlings. The grafted watermelon can effectively prevent the occurrence of soil-borne diseases such as fusarium wilt, gummy stem blight and the like, because the fusarium wilt can occur in a large area on the land where the watermelon is continuously planted, and the grafting can obviously reduce or prevent the occurrence of the fusarium wilt. In addition, the low temperature resistance of the watermelon can be improved by grafting, so that the watermelon protected in early spring can be cultivated in advance and marketed in advance. The grafted watermelons grow more robustly, and can effectively prevent the fusarium wilt, so that the yield is greatly increased. The grafting method comprises the steps of using pumpkin, cucurbit and the like as the stocks and using watermelon seedlings as scions, wherein the root systems of the stocks are more developed, the absorption capacity and the transmission capacity are enhanced, and the leaf disease resistance of watermelons can be improved. The grafted seedling has stronger root system and fertilizer sucking capacity than the self-rooted seedling, and can save fertilizer by about 30%. The stock comprises a solid node between two leaves at the lowest part of the stock, and a plant cavity is arranged below the solid node, and the two leaves are generally false leaves. The common grafting method is that the part above the solid node is manually cut off, two leaves at the lowest part of the original seedling are reserved, a hole is obliquely punched by a wood stick, and then the cut scion is inserted into the hole. However, the method has the defects that ① requires a plant to be operated fully manually, wood sticks with different thicknesses are needed to be used for ② due to different thicknesses of the scions, the inclination angles of the holes obliquely punched by the ③ scions are inconsistent, so that the scions are not attached, and the lower end of the ④ scions cannot be nourished by plant liquid after penetrating into a plant cavity, so that rooting is easy in the cavity, and grafting effect is affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a watermelon seedling grafting method and device which can realize semi-automatic grafting and ensure that scions and grafting hole sections coincide and the lower end of the scions are not easy to root. The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is that the watermelon seedling grafting method comprises a stock and a scion, wherein the stock comprises a solid node positioned between two leaves at the lowest part of an original seedling, a plant cavity is arranged below the solid node, and the grafting method comprises the following steps: S01, the stock is prepared by cutting off the part above the solid node, and retaining two leaves at the lowest part of the original seedling; S02, aligning the poking rod above the solid node, and obliquely poking the poking rod, enabling the poking rod to penetrate through the solid node and enter the plant cavity, finally poking the poking rod on the inner wall of the plant cavity, wherein the poking rod pokes the inclined angle alpha of the poking rod, and the poking hole is reserved on the solid node. S03, cutting an inclined section from the lower end of the scion, wherein the inclination angle is equal to alpha; S04, inserting the scion into the poking hole. The inclined angle alpha of the inclined section cut out from the lower end of the scion in the method takes the cross section of the scion as a reference surface, and the inclined angle alpha of the pricking of the poking rod takes the horizontal plane as the reference surface. The invention also discloses a device applied to the watermelon grafting method, which comprises a first base, wherein the top of the first base is provided with a first working hole, the first working hole is used for inserting the scion stock, the first base is provided with a second base, the second base is provided with a linear driving device for driving a poking rod to move as a jack, and the poking rod is also provided with a blade capable of obliquely skipping the lower part of the first working hole. Therefore, when the poking rod moves as a jack to poke a poking hole in the stock, the lower end of the scion stock is also cut, and then the scion is only required to be inserted into the poking hole. In the preferred scheme, be equipped with first rotation axis between first base and the second base, this kind of setting is convenient to rotate the second base to adjust the inc