CN-118414931-B - Slope farmland sectional erosion control method based on plant hedge

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture, and particularly discloses a slope farmland sectional erosion control method based on plant hedges, which comprises the following steps of dividing the slope farmland into an upper slope planting area, a middle slope planting area and a lower slope planting area according to the topography from high to low, correspondingly arranging the plant hedges at the upper slope, arranging the plant hedges at the middle slope and constructing a plant community at the lower slope; the method comprises the steps of laying a plant fence on the upper part of a slope, wherein the plant fence comprises the step of inoculating nematodes or nematodes and a microbial preparation in rhizosphere soil, and the microbial preparation comprises at least one of budding monad, arthrobacterium, alternaria or penicillium. The invention integrates source control, warehouse increasing and submerged digging, effectively intercepts surface runoff, increases the soil moisture infiltration rate by changing the micro topography of the slope, and has important significance for improving the land capacity of the dry land farmland and the effective utilization of water and fertilizer resources, reducing the fertilizer consumption and the nitrogen and phosphorus loss, balancing the distribution of slope nutrients, increasing the nutrient utilization rate and ensuring ecological safety.

Inventors

• CHENG YANHONG
• LIU MING
• HUANG SHANGSHU
• LI DAMING
• ZHOU HAIYANG
• He Shaolang
• WANG BINQIANG
• SUN YONGMING
• HUANG QIANRU

Assignees

• 江西省红壤及种质资源研究所
• 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20240428

Claims (5)

1. 1. A red soil slope farmland sectional erosion control method based on a plant fence is characterized by comprising the following steps: Dividing a slope farmland into an upper slope planting area, a middle slope planting area and a lower slope planting area according to the topography from high to low; step two, correspondingly arranging plant hedges at the upper part of the slope and plant hedges at the middle part of the slope in sequence in the planting area, and constructing plant communities at the lower part of the slope; When plant hedges on the upper portion of a slope are laid, day lily, vetiver and day lily are planted in sequence at a hedge building position, a group of plant hedge strips are constructed correspondingly to form day lily hedges, vetiver hedges and day lily hedges, the row spacing between the day lily hedges and the vetiver hedges is 45-60 cm, the cluster spacing between the vetiver hedges and the day lily is 10-15 cm, the plant hedges on the upper portion of the slope comprise at least two groups of plant hedge strips, nematodes and microbial preparations are inoculated in plant hedge rhizosphere soil, the microbial preparations consist of buddhist, arthrobacterium, tenuiform and penicillium, the nematodes are plant bacteria nematodes of the genus of the small rod, the microbial preparations are planted in the range of 1-5% by weight of plant hedge rhizosphere soil of the unit area, 60-80 plant bacteria nematodes of the genus of the small rod are inoculated in the range of 15-20cm soil by weight of the cultivation layer of dry soil, and plant strips between the two groups are arranged; the hedge in the middle of the slope is a vetiver hedge, furrows are made on the two sides of the vetiver hedge at a distance of 60cm-70cm from the hedge, and 20-30 earthworms are inoculated in each kilogram of dry soil; The method comprises the steps of constructing a plant community at the lower part of a slope, namely intercropping peanuts and cassava, and planting the peanuts and the cassava according to a 5:1 transverse slope, wherein the plant spacing of the cassava is 60-80 cm, and the row spacing of the peanuts and the cassava is 45-55 cm; and a slope surface transverse slope planting area is arranged between the slope upper plant fence and the slope middle plant fence and between the slope middle plant fence and the slope lower plant community.
2. 2. The hedge-based red soil slope tilling sectional erosion control method of claim 1, wherein: the strain number of the budmonas is DSM 14586T; the strain number of the Arthrobacter is CICC 10504; The strain number of the alternaria tenuis is NBRC 103397; the strain number of the penicillium is CCTCC AF 209017.
3. 3. The hedge-based red soil slope tilling sectional erosion control method of claim 2, wherein: The live bacteria content of the budding monad is 1.0X10 10 ～1.5×10 11 CFU/mL; The live bacteria content of the Arthrobacter is 1.5X10 10 ～2.5×10 11 CFU/mL; the viable bacteria content of the alternaria alternata is 1.5X10 8 ～2.0×10 10 CFU/mL; The live bacteria content of the penicillium is 1.5X10 8 ～2.0×10 10 CFU/mL.
4. 4. A method for controlling the sectional erosion of a red soil slope farmland based on plant hedges according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inter-hedge crop planting belt is used for planting peanuts.
5. 5. The method for sectionally controlling corrosion of red soil slope farmland based on plant hedges according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein peanuts are planted at equal heights in the slope planting area, peanuts and peas are planted in rotation or peanuts and cassava are planted in intercropping mode.

Description

Slope farmland sectional erosion control method based on plant hedge Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture, in particular to a slope farmland sectional erosion control method based on plant hedges. Background The sloping fields are affected by barrier factors such as erosion, barren, acid, drought and the like, and the agricultural production potential of red soil dry land with more than 80 percent is difficult to normally exert. The increase of the input amount of chemical fertilizers (nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer) becomes a main means for the farmers in red soil dry land to fertilize the soil and improve the yield, but the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizers is only 43 percent according to statistics at present. Because the content of iron-aluminum oxide in the red soil is high, the acidity is strong, and the applied phosphorus is easy to be adsorbed and fixed by the soil, so that the effective phosphorus in the red soil is seriously lacking. Meanwhile, the water and soil loss of the hillside fields is serious, so that resources are wasted, the fertilizer economic benefit is low, and the environment is damaged through ammonia volatilization, runoff, erosion, leaching and the like. The biological covering measures such as equal-height plant hedges, straw coverage, green manure planting and the like have remarkable effects on the aspects of water and soil loss resistance control, nitrogen and phosphorus loss reduction, soil nutrient improvement, soil aggregate structure improvement and the like by increasing the surface coverage of the hillside farmland. However, most of biological covering investment is organic materials, a large amount of carbon sources and nutrient elements are provided for soil microorganisms to regulate community structure components, the microorganisms can accelerate nutrient dissolution or increase absorption of limiting nutrients by regulating and controlling secretion of enzymes closely related to soil material circulation, so that nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient stress is caused, and the hedge biological interception technology often causes phenomena of uphill nutrient loss and downhill enrichment of hillside lands, so that nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient absorption and utilization are influenced. In the prior art, most of researches on single technologies such as fertilizer management, soil fertility improvement and water and soil loss control are focused, the application effect of the technology for improving the fertilizer utilization rate in time is obvious in on-season effect and weak in post effect, in space, red soil dry lands are mostly gentle slope dry lands, water and soil loss is serious, 4-6 months of abundant rainwater is the season of sowing dry crops such as peanuts and sweet potatoes, the fertilizer consumption is small, the loss along with the rainwater is an important way of nitrogen and phosphorus loss, unreasonable intercropping among hedge crops can influence crop yield, and in the multiple aspects, the prior art focuses on the regulation and control on exogenous factors influencing the utilization efficiency, but ignores the intrinsic factors influencing the nitrogen and phosphorus retaining and converting capability such as the soil organic matter content, nitrogen fixation and phosphorus dissolving biological activity and crop symbiotic complementation. There are few reports on how to coordinate the biological coverage with soil, fertilizer and water and the relationship between crops and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient utilization, balance the slope nutrient distribution and how to promote the potential of nitrogen fixation and phosphorus dissolution of the slope farmland (such as red soil dry land) and economic benefit of the slope farmland. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the technology adopted in the prior art for preventing and controlling the soil erosion and water loss of the hillside cultivated land and reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus loss, the invention provides a hillside cultivated land segmented erosion control method based on the plant hedges by examining the influence of optimal arrangement of the hillside cultivated land plant hedges, annual balanced supply of the hillside covered crops, construction of a biological network in a system and the like on the preventing and controlling soil erosion and water loss, soil structure composition, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient content of the hillside soil and utilization rate. In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme: The construction of the segment erosion control method comprises dividing the hillside land into an upper hillside planting area, a middle hillside planting area and a lower hillside planting area according to the topography from high to low, and correspondingly arranging the upper hillside hedges, the middle hillside hed