CN-118592276-B - Self-propelled morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening placement machine

CN118592276BCN 118592276 BCN118592276 BCN 118592276BCN-118592276-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-propelled Morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening placement machine which comprises a frame, a travelling mechanism, a nutrition bag pushing mechanism, a nutrition bag opening mechanism, a nutrition bag placement mechanism and a pressing mechanism, wherein the travelling mechanism, the nutrition bag pushing mechanism, the nutrition bag opening mechanism, the nutrition bag placement mechanism and the pressing mechanism are arranged on the frame, the nutrition bag pushing mechanism comprises a nutrition bag storage box, a nutrition bag pushing plate and a pushing plate driving device, three groups of nutrition bag opening mechanisms are arranged below the three nutrition bag pushing boxes and are used for carrying out opening treatment on nutrition bags pushed to opening holes of the nutrition bag pushing boxes, the nutrition bag opening mechanism comprises a push-pull device, a pushing device, an opening cutter, a push-pull rod and a module push rod, the nutrition bag opening mechanism is obliquely arranged at the rear end of the nutrition bag pushing box and is used for receiving the opened nutrition bags falling from the nutrition bag pushing box and adjusting the postures of the nutrition bags to place the nutrition bags on the ground in a downward posture, and the pressing mechanism is arranged on a rear cross beam and is used for carrying out pressing work on the placed nutrition bags.

Inventors

HE XIAOWEI
XING JIANFEI
GUO ZHANHONG
GAO YULONG
Lv Xiyan
ZHANG XIAORONG
YU RENZONG
Zhu Guansan
LIU JINXIU
WANG XUFENG
LI MIN
WANG ZIJIAN
WANG DEWEI
CHENG BO
LI WENTAO

Assignees

塔里木大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20240702

Claims (10)

1. The self-propelled Morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening placement machine is characterized by comprising a frame, and a travelling mechanism, a nutrition bag pushing mechanism, a nutrition bag opening mechanism, a nutrition bag placement mechanism and a pressing mechanism which are arranged on the frame; the rack comprises a front cross beam, a battery fixing frame, a middle cross beam, a longitudinal beam, a rear cross beam, a crankshaft fixing frame, an opening mechanism fixing frame and a storage box fixing frame; the travelling mechanism comprises a steering axle, a driving axle and a battery box which are arranged on the frame; The nutrition bag pushing mechanism comprises a nutrition bag storage box, a nutrition bag pushing plate and a pushing plate driving device; The three nutrition bag storage boxes which are arranged in parallel and spaced at a certain distance are fixedly connected to the storage box fixing frame, a nutrition bag pushing box is horizontally arranged below each nutrition bag storage box, the nutrition bag pushing box and the nutrition bag storage box are spaced at a certain distance, and the front part and the middle part of the nutrition bag pushing box correspond to the nutrition bag storage box; The three groups of nutrition bag opening mechanisms are arranged below the three nutrition bag pushing boxes; the nutrition bag laying mechanism is obliquely arranged at the rear end of the nutrition bag pushing box and fixedly connected with the left and right longitudinal beams; The nutrition bag laying mechanism comprises a nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate, a laying rotating plate and a rotating plate driving device, wherein the nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate is inclined by a certain angle, the front end of the nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate is fixedly connected with the rear end of a nutrition bag pushing box, the left side and the right side of the nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate are fixedly connected to left side and right side longitudinal beams, three slide ways which are in one-to-one correspondence with the nutrition bag pushing box are arranged on the nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate, the tail end of each slide way is provided with a laying rotating plate, the laying rotating plate is hinged to the nutrition bag position and posture adjusting slide plate and is controlled to rotate and reset by the rotating plate driving device, when a nutrition bag falls to the slide way from the rear end of the nutrition bag pushing box, the nutrition bag is blocked by the posture adjusting plate of the slide way and rotates by a certain angle, and then the nutrition bag is continuously downward and backward slid to the rotating plate, and the rotating plate driving device controls the laying rotating plate to downwards so that the nutrition bag is laid to the ground in a posture with an opening facing downwards; The rotating plate driving device comprises a bearing seat, a crankshaft connecting rod, a rotating plate crankshaft, a crankshaft gear and a chain; The rotating plate crankshaft comprises a main journal and connecting rod journals, wherein the left end and the right end of the main journal are both arranged on a crankshaft fixing frame through bearing seats, a crankshaft gear is fixedly connected to the main journal and transmits power from a driving axle through a chain, the main journal is provided with three connecting rod journals which divide the main journal into four sections, the connecting rod journals are provided with two mutually parallel convex plates and connecting rod shafts fixedly connected between the two convex plates, one end of a crankshaft connecting rod is hinged to the connecting rod shafts of the connecting rod journals, and the other end of the crankshaft connecting rod is hinged to the lower surface of the rear part of the paved rotating plate; Of the three connecting rod journals, the connecting rod shafts of the two connecting rod journals on the left and right sides are positioned on the same straight line, and the connecting rod shaft of the connecting rod journal positioned in the middle is not positioned on the same straight line with the connecting rod shaft of the two connecting rod journals on the left and right sides.
2. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 1, wherein the front beam, the middle beam and the rear beam are fixedly connected on the left and right longitudinal beams in sequence from front to back; the battery fixing frame, the opening mechanism fixing frame and the storage box fixing frame are fixedly connected to the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam in sequence from bottom to top, and the battery fixing frame is positioned between the front cross beam and the middle cross beam; The opening mechanism fixing frame comprises a first mounting beam, a second mounting beam, a pushing box mounting plate and a push-pull device mounting plate, wherein the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam are fixedly connected to the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam through upright posts and are respectively positioned above the front cross beam and the battery fixing frame, three pushing box mounting plates with certain intervals are longitudinally fixedly connected to the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam through upright posts along a machine tool, and three push-pull device mounting plates with certain intervals are longitudinally fixedly connected to the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam along the machine tool.
3. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 2, wherein the nutrition bag storage box is vertically through and is divided into three identical storage tanks from front to back by a partition plate, and the three nutrition bag pushing boxes are fixedly connected on the three pushing box mounting plates.
4. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 1, wherein the nutrition bag pushing box comprises side baffles, an upper baffle and a pushing bottom plate, wherein the two side baffles are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the pushing bottom plate, and the rear part of the pushing bottom plate is provided with an opening hole; The nutrition bag pushing plate is in a J shape and is provided with an upper horizontal part, a bending part and a lower horizontal part, wherein the upper horizontal part is positioned in a gap between the nutrition bag storage box and the nutrition bag pushing box, the bending part is positioned in the three nutrition bag pushing boxes and can enter between the upper baffle and the pushing bottom plate, the lower surface of the lower horizontal part is parallel to the pushing bottom plate and is spaced a certain distance, and the bending part and the lower horizontal part are provided with four pushing plate sliding grooves which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the side baffle plate positioned on the right side of the nutrition bag pushing box on the left side, the two side baffle plates positioned in the middle of the nutrition bag pushing box and the side baffle plate positioned on the left side of the nutrition bag pushing box, so that the nutrition bag pushing plate can slide back and forth in the front part and the middle part of the nutrition bag pushing box; The distance between the upper baffle plate and the pushing bottom plate is larger than the thickness of the nutrition bag, and the size of the opening hole is smaller than the size of the nutrition bag; The rear parts of two adjacent nutrition bag pushing boxes are provided with connecting plates; The front end of the upper baffle plate is provided with an arc-shaped transition plate which is used for ensuring that the nutrition bag smoothly enters the opening area and preventing the upper surface of the nutrition bag from being scratched.
5. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 2, wherein two push plate driving devices longitudinally parallel to the machine tool are fixedly connected to the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam and are positioned at intervals among three nutrition bag pushing boxes, the push plate driving devices comprise a linear module and a module sliding block, the linear module is fixedly connected with the first mounting beam and the second mounting beam, and the module sliding block is mounted on the linear module and fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bending part of the nutrition bag pushing plate to drive the nutrition bag pushing plate to reciprocate along the linear module.
6. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 5, wherein the nutrition bag opening mechanism comprises a push-pull device, a pushing device, an opening cutter, a push-pull rod and a module push rod, wherein the push-pull device is fixedly connected to a push-pull device mounting plate and is positioned at the side edge of a linear module; the push-pull device comprises a chute front plate, a slide block spring, a slide wedge block spring, a push-pull slide block, a chute rear plate, a chute side plate, a slide wedge block and a fixed wedge block; the sliding wedge block is arranged at one side close to the linear module and can be arranged on the sliding slide block in a left-right telescopic way through the sliding wedge block spring, the fixed wedge block is fixedly connected at the front part of the sliding groove side plate at the same side as the sliding wedge block, and the inclined surface of the fixed wedge block is opposite to the inclined surface of the sliding wedge block; the pushing and lifting device comprises an opening push rod, an opening sliding rail frame and an opening sliding block; the opening sliding rail frame is U-shaped and is provided with an upper horizontal part, a lower horizontal part and a vertical part; the upper surface of the opening push rod is vertically and vertically movably arranged on the upper horizontal part, the opening cutter is detachably fixedly connected to the top end of the opening push rod, the bottom end of the opening push rod is contacted with the upper surface of the opening push rod, and the lower part of the opening push rod is provided with a reset spring; The module push rod is fixedly connected to one side, opposite to the sliding wedge block, of the module slide block of the push plate driving device, is positioned in the same horizontal plane with the sliding wedge block, and can be contacted with the part, protruding out of the fixed wedge block, of the sliding wedge block.
7. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 6, wherein the opening cutter is three parallel blades, cross blades or pin tooth arrays, different blade forms are selected according to different technological requirements, and different nutrition bag opening shapes are realized.
8. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 1, wherein the nutrition bag position adjusting slide plate comprises a slide bottom plate, a right baffle plate, a left baffle plate, a rear baffle plate and a slide plate hinge lug, wherein three groups of left baffle plates and right baffle plates are arranged on the slide bottom plate, each group of left baffle plates and right baffle plates form the slide, the slide is wide in front and narrow in rear, the rear parts of each group of left baffle plates and right baffle plates protrude backwards from the slide bottom plate, a placement rotating plate is hinged through the slide plate hinge lug arranged at the lower edge, and the rear ends of the left baffle plates and the right baffle plates are fixedly connected with the rear baffle plates; The front ends of the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate are provided with posture adjusting plates which form a certain angle with the longitudinal direction of the machine tool and are used for preventing the nutrition bags from sliding downwards and rotating the nutrition bags by a certain angle; the laying rotating plate comprises a rotating plate, an arc-shaped baffle plate and rotating plate hinge lugs, wherein a pair of rotating plate hinge lugs are arranged on the left side and the right side of the rotating plate and are used for being matched and hinged with the sliding plate hinge lugs through hinge shafts, and the arc-shaped baffle plate is arranged on the lower side of the front end of the rotating plate.
9. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine of claim 8, wherein the angle between the nutrition bag position and orientation adjustment slide plate and the horizontal plane is 28 ° and the distance between the three back baffles in the nutrition bag position and orientation adjustment slide plate is 160mm.
10. The self-propelled morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine according to claim 1, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a telescopic rod, pressing rollers and pressing springs, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a rear cross beam, the head ends of the two telescopic rods with adjustable lengths are hinged to the fixed plate, the tail ends of the telescopic rods are connected with the pressing rollers, the upper ends of the pressing springs are mounted on the fixed plate, and the lower ends of the pressing springs are hinged to the middle parts of the telescopic rods.

Description

Self-propelled morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening placement machine Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a self-propelled Morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening laying machine. Background Morchella is a well-known edible fungus in the world, and is named because the surface of the fungus cover is uneven, such as the turned-over Morchella. As a rare product in edible fungi, morchella esculenta has unique flavor and rich nutrition, and becomes one of the food materials touted by consumers. The wild morchella has limited yield, and the artificial cultivation becomes necessary, and the domestic morchella strain planting gradually rises and becomes a new star in the edible fungi industry. The main cultivation places are sunlight greenhouse, flat shed and cold shed. After sowing, the mycelia grow to 7-15 days after the fungus frost appears on the fungus bed surface in the presence of oxygen, and a nutrition bag is placed. The main function of the external-assistance nutrition bag is to provide sufficient nutrition for Morchella mycelium in soil, increase the quantity of mycelium, facilitate the formation of more sclerotium, and be the most important 'energy' support for Morchella high yield. The external-assistance nutrition bag is 16cm long and 11cm wide, a certain amount of nutrition matters suitable for the growth of Morchella are filled in the external-assistance nutrition bag after the external-assistance nutrition bag bagging machine is used for bagging, the thickness is about 4cm, and the external-assistance nutrition bag is laid on a Morchella bed in parallel or in a 'product' shape in two rows after being opened. At present, the laying of the external aid nutrition bags in a greenhouse planting mode is mainly finished by means of manual operation. The worker needs to open the foreign nutrition bags one by one and lay and compact the bags on the seed bed. The laying work of the nutrition bag involves a large number of manual operations, has single repeatability, consumes a large amount of manpower and time, has certain human errors and tramples on a fungus bed, thereby influencing the efficiency and survival of Morchella mycelium for absorbing nutrient substances, and further causing the yield reduction and quality deterioration of Morchella. For example, the Chinese patent application of the invention is 'an edible fungus cultivation device (application number: 202310294755.6),' a Morchella cultivation device and method '(application number: 202210655298.4),' an integrated cultivation machine for Morchella cultivation '(application number: 202221446949.0),' solves the problem of laying nutrition bags in the process of planting partial Morchella strains, but the Morchella cultivation device mainly adopts an integrated mode, is suitable for greenhouse three-dimensional cultivation, and cannot realize the delayed laying of Morchella nutrition bags, namely, the nutrition bags are laid after the furrow surface grows into fungus cream for 7-15 days after the Morchella is sowed. For example, the Chinese patent application "a Morchella strain planting auxiliary device" (application number: 202211245078.0) is used for assisting the opening and laying operation of the nutrition bags, but the device has a complex structure, needs to be manually supported, only one nutrition bag can be put in each time, the interval of putting in the nutrition bags needs to be manually controlled, and meanwhile, the nutrition bags can stir soil during putting in, so that the growth of hyphae is affected. Therefore, the existing nutrition bag laying device is not suitable for nutrition bag opening laying operation in a ditching, ridging and sowing mode under a sunlight greenhouse, and development of a morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening laying device matched with a cultivation process in a morchella greenhouse planting mode is urgent. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the self-propelled Morchella external-assistance nutrition bag opening laying machine which can realize opening and orderly laying operation of external-assistance nutrition bags, wherein the laying interval of the nutrition bags is adjustable, the opening mode is changeable, the operation efficiency of laying the nutrition bags can be improved, the labor cost is reduced, meanwhile, the subsequent recovery and returning operation of the nutrition bags are facilitated, the production efficiency and Morchella yield are further improved, the cost is reduced, and the modern development and large-scale planting of Morchella industry can be promoted. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A self-propelled Morchella external aid nutrition bag opening placement machine comprises a frame 1, and a travelling mechanism 2, a nutrition bag pushing mechanis