CN-118858921-B - High-voltage circuit breaker operation mechanism fault diagnosis method and device and high-voltage circuit breaker

CN118858921BCN 118858921 BCN118858921 BCN 118858921BCN-118858921-B

Abstract

The application discloses a fault diagnosis method and device for a high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism and the high-voltage circuit breaker, and can improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism. The fault diagnosis method for the high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism comprises the steps of collecting a first vibration signal and a second vibration signal, which are perpendicular to each other, of a shell plane of the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker, respectively calculating single-side power spectrums of the first vibration signal and the second vibration signal to obtain a first single-side power spectrum and a second single-side power spectrum, accumulating and summing the first single-side power spectrums and the second single-side power spectrums to obtain an accumulated power curve, segmenting the accumulated power curve based on a frequency multiplication segmentation method, calculating accumulated power sum of all segments of the accumulated power curve, and taking the accumulated power sum of all segments of the accumulated power curve as input of a support vector machine to carry out fault diagnosis on the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

Inventors

QIU SHI
ZHANG WEI
WANG RUOYI
QIU ZHI
YAN XINGWEN
ZHOU JINZHE
WANG YUE
WANG GUAN
GU YUANYUAN

Assignees

国网河北省电力有限公司保定供电分公司
国家电网有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20240704

Claims (10)

1. A fault diagnosis method for an operating mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker, comprising: Collecting a first vibration signal and a second vibration signal which are mutually perpendicular to the plane of a shell of an operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker; Calculating single-side power spectrums of the first vibration signal and the second vibration signal respectively to obtain a first single-side power spectrum and a second single-side power spectrum; Accumulating and summing the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum to obtain an accumulated power curve; Segmenting the accumulated power curve based on a frequency multiplication segmentation method; calculating the cumulative power sum of the cumulative power curves of each section; and taking the accumulated power sum of each section of accumulated power curve as the input of a support vector machine to carry out fault diagnosis of the high-voltage breaker operating mechanism.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein cumulatively summing the first single-sided power spectrum and the second single-sided power spectrum to obtain a cumulative power curve, comprising: According to a two-difference compensation method, selecting one meeting a preset condition from the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum as a final amplitude under a corresponding frequency to obtain a fusion power spectrum; And carrying out accumulated summation on the fusion power spectrum to obtain an accumulated power curve.
3. The fault diagnosis method of the high voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein selecting one satisfying a preset condition as a final amplitude value at a corresponding frequency in the first single-sided power spectrum and the second single-sided power spectrum according to a two-step complementary method, obtaining a fusion power spectrum, comprises: under the same frequency, if the difference value of the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum is larger than one half of any one amplitude value, selecting one half of the maximum amplitude value in the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum as the final amplitude value of the frequency to obtain a fusion power spectrum, or And under the same frequency, if the difference value of the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum is smaller than one half of any one amplitude value, selecting the average value of the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum as the final amplitude value of the frequency, and obtaining a fusion power spectrum.
4. The fault diagnosis method of the high voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein selecting one satisfying a preset condition as a final amplitude value at a corresponding frequency in the first single-sided power spectrum and the second single-sided power spectrum according to a two-step complementary method, obtaining a fusion power spectrum includes: ; Where z 12 (f) represents the fused power spectrum, z 1 (f) represents the first single-sided power spectrum, and z 2 (f) represents the second single-sided power spectrum.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein cumulatively summing the fused power spectra to obtain a cumulative power curve, comprising: ; Where g (f) represents the cumulative power curve, z 12 (f) represents the fused power spectrum, and h is the maximum of the frequencies in the fused power spectrum z 12 (f).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of segmenting the cumulative power curve based on the frequency doubling segmentation method comprises the steps of: Let the frequency range of the 1 st section be 0~h.2 -1 , the frequency range of the k section be h.2 1-k ~h·2 -k , K is the total number of segments of the segment, h is the maximum of the frequencies in the cumulative power curve.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein calculating the cumulative power sum for each segment of the cumulative power curve comprises: And summing the power values of the accumulated power curves of each segment to obtain an accumulated power sum, wherein the accumulated power sum represents the characteristic value of the accumulated power of the corresponding segment.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein summing power values of each segment of the cumulative power curve to obtain a cumulative power sum, comprises: ; where g (f) represents the cumulative power curve, h is the maximum value of the frequencies in the cumulative power curve, K is the total number of segments of the segment, and E k represents the cumulative power sum.
9. A high voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism fault diagnosis device, comprising: The system comprises an acquisition module, a first calculation module, a summation module, a segmentation module and a diagnosis module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first vibration signal and a second vibration signal which are mutually perpendicular to a shell plane of an operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the first calculation module is used for calculating single-side power spectrums of the first vibration signal and the second vibration signal respectively to obtain a first single-side power spectrum and a second single-side power spectrum, the summation module is used for carrying out accumulated summation on the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum to obtain an accumulated power curve, the segmentation module is used for segmenting the accumulated power curve based on a frequency multiplication segmentation method, the second calculation module is used for calculating accumulated power sums of all segments of the accumulated power curve, and the diagnosis module is used for carrying out fault diagnosis on the accumulated power sums of all segments of the accumulated power curves as input of a support vector machine.
10. A high voltage circuit breaker, comprising: An operating mechanism; the fault diagnosis device for the high voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the fault diagnosis device for the high voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism is connected with the operating mechanism.

Description

High-voltage circuit breaker operation mechanism fault diagnosis method and device and high-voltage circuit breaker Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, in particular to a fault diagnosis method and device for an operating mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker and the high-voltage circuit breaker. Background High voltage circuit breakers are important electrical equipment in power systems, and the loss caused by the failure of the high voltage circuit breaker is far beyond the value of the equipment. In order to meet the requirement of operation speed, the high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism is provided with a mechanical linkage part, but the performance of equipment parts is deteriorated due to factors such as humidity, wind sand, rust and the like caused by the increase of operation time, so that the reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker is reduced, and potential safety hazards are brought to an electric power system. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the operation state of the high-voltage circuit breaker by advanced and intelligent technical means, reduce loss, and improve the stability of the power system. The operating mechanism of the high voltage circuit breaker is generally composed of an electric motor, a spring mechanism, a manual mechanism, and the like. The function of these mechanisms is to control the switching operation of the high voltage circuit breaker so that it can be opened and closed quickly and reliably to protect the safe operation of the power system. The vibration signal is used as external expression of mechanical dynamics of equipment, has the characteristics of high precision and convenient acquisition, and is commonly used in the technical fields of state evaluation and fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment. The existing mechanical fault diagnosis method of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the vibration signals is layered endlessly, and the general flow of the method is to search the characteristic index reflecting the health state of the equipment by analyzing the vibration signals of the circuit breaker in the time domain, the frequency domain or the time-frequency domain. The vibration signal acquisition process mainly depends on solid medium propagation of mechanical parts, so that the vibration signals acquired at different positions and in different directions are different. At present, when fault diagnosis is carried out through vibration signals, single vibration sensors are often adopted for carrying out fault diagnosis of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the information is single and incomplete, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the high-voltage circuit breaker is affected. Disclosure of Invention The present application has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The embodiment of the application provides a fault diagnosis method and device for a high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism and the high-voltage circuit breaker, and can improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism. According to one aspect of the application, a fault diagnosis method for an operating mechanism of a high-voltage circuit breaker is provided, and the fault diagnosis method comprises the steps of collecting a first vibration signal and a second vibration signal which are perpendicular to each other on a shell plane of the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker, calculating single-side power spectrums of the first vibration signal and the second vibration signal respectively to obtain a first single-side power spectrum and a second single-side power spectrum, accumulating and summing the first single-side power spectrums and the second single-side power spectrums to obtain an accumulated power curve, segmenting the accumulated power curve based on a frequency multiplication segmentation method, calculating accumulated power sums of all segments of the accumulated power curve, and taking the accumulated power sums of all segments of the accumulated power curve as input of a support vector machine to perform fault diagnosis on the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker. In one embodiment, the cumulative summation of the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum to obtain a cumulative power curve comprises selecting one meeting a preset condition from the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum as a final amplitude under a corresponding frequency according to a two-difference compensation method to obtain a fusion power spectrum, and performing cumulative summation on the fusion power spectrum to obtain the cumulative power curve. In an embodiment, according to a two-step complementary method, one of the first single-side power spectrum and the second single-side power spectrum meeting a preset condition is selected as a f