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CN-119111235-B - Hybrid rice seed production female parent seed grain unloading device, control method and harvester

CN119111235BCN 119111235 BCN119111235 BCN 119111235BCN-119111235-B

Abstract

The invention provides a female parent seed unloading device for hybrid rice seed production, a control method and a harvester, comprising an upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe, a grain impurity content monitoring device, a grain unloading outlet pipeline, a control device, a centrifugal fan, a ventilation pipe, a shaking plate device, a driving motor unit, a grain tank, a high-position grain unloading cylinder, a three-impeller device and a grain discharging device, wherein the centrifugal fan, the ventilation pipe, the high-position grain unloading cylinder, the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe and the grain unloading outlet pipeline are sequentially connected, a grain outlet is arranged below the grain tank, the shaking plate device is arranged in the grain outlet, one end of the grain discharging device is connected with the grain outlet, the other end of the grain discharging device is connected with the ventilation pipe, and the joint of the grain discharging device and the ventilation pipe is opened. The invention can obviously improve the grain unloading efficiency, shorten the grain unloading time and improve the operation efficiency of the whole machine, can be used for harvesting rice seeds, rice, wheat, rape and soybeans, and has wide applicability.

Inventors

  • LIANG ZHENWEI
  • XU XINGYUE
  • Ding Bochuan

Assignees

  • 江苏大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20231130

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The female parent seed unloading device for hybrid rice seed production is characterized by comprising a seed impurity content monitoring device (3), a grain unloading outlet pipeline (4), a centrifugal fan (6), a shaking plate device (9), a driving motor unit, a grain tank (14), a high-position grain unloading cylinder (15), a tri-impeller device (16), a grain discharging device and a control device; the grain impurity content monitoring device (3) is arranged at the top of a grain tank (14) and is used for monitoring the impurity content of grains in the grain tank (14), a grain outlet (13) is arranged below the grain tank (14), a shaking plate device (9) is arranged at the grain outlet (13), one end of the grain discharging device is connected with the grain outlet (13), the other end of the grain discharging device is communicated with a ventilation pipe (7), one end of the ventilation pipe (7) is communicated with a centrifugal fan (6), the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected with one end of a high-position grain discharging cylinder (15), the other end of the high-position grain discharging cylinder (15) is connected with a grain discharging outlet pipeline (4) through an upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe (2), a three-impeller device (16) is arranged on the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe (2), the centrifugal fan (6) is used for blowing grains falling into the grain discharging outlet pipeline (4) through the centrifugal fan (6), the shaking plate device (9) is used for shaking grains falling onto the shaking plate device (9), the grains entering the grain discharging device after shaking the shaking plate device (9), the grains are shaken by the shaking plate device (9), the grains are discharged into the grain discharging device (7) through the shaking plate device (9), and the three-impeller device (16) are used for driving grains to the grains flowing into the grain discharging device to the grain unit (4) through the grain discharging device respectively, and the grain unit (4) and the grain unit is used for driving the grains and the grains The centrifugal fan (6) is connected with the tri-impeller device (16), and the control device is respectively connected with the grain impurity content monitoring device (3), the centrifugal fan (6), the shaking plate device (9), the driving motor group, the tri-impeller device (16) and the grain discharging device; the control device inputs the impurity content of the seeds monitored by the impurity content monitoring device (3) of the reversely called grain tank (14) from empty to full into an impurity content control matching model obtained through neural network training, obtains the optimal predicted values of the shaking frequency of the shaking plate device (9), the rotating speed of the grain discharging device, the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan (6) and the rotating speed of the tri-impeller device (16) at the next moment, and adjusts the shaking frequency of the shaking plate device (9), the rotating speed of the grain discharging device, the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan (6) and the rotating speed of the tri-impeller device (16) according to the predicted values.
  2. 2. The hybrid rice seed production maternal seed unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain impurity content monitoring device (3) comprises an embedded processor (301), a camera bracket (302), an industrial camera (303), an annular light source generating device (304), a light source bracket (305), a circular glass plate (306) and a monitoring device housing (307); The embedded processor (301), camera support (302), industry camera (303), annular light source generating device (304), light source support (305), circular glass board (306) all are located in monitoring device shell (307), embedded processor (301) is connected with industry camera (303), camera support (302) are fixed industry camera (303) in monitoring device shell (307) inner wall, be equipped with the mounting platform in monitoring device shell (307), circular glass board (306) have been inlayed on the mounting platform, install light source support (305) on circular glass board (306), annular light source generating device (304) are installed on light source support (305), industry camera (303) make industry camera (303) and annular light source generating device (304) center in same axis through camera support (302), industry camera (303) are through annular light source generating device (304) centre bore to the cereal stream of entering in the grain case in the operation process shoot, and transmit to embedded processor (301), embedded processor (301) is connected with controlling means.
  3. 3. The hybrid rice seed production maternal seed unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaking plate device (9) comprises a shaking plate and a shaft (12); The shaft (12) penetrates through the shaking plate and is movably connected with the shaking plate, two ends of the shaft (12) penetrate through the side wall of the grain outlet (13) to enable the shaking plate to be arranged in the grain outlet (13), bearings are arranged at the joints of the two ends of the shaft (12) and the grain outlet (13), protrusions are arranged on the shaft (12) and are in contact with the shaking plate, one end of the shaft (12) is connected with a corresponding driving motor of the driving motor unit through a gear transmission device (11), power of the driving motor rotates through a conversion driving shaft (12) of the gear transmission device (11), and therefore the protrusions on the shaft (12) intermittently collide against the shaking plate to achieve shaking of the shaking plate.
  4. 4. The hybrid rice seed production maternal seed grain unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain unloading device comprises a grain unloading impeller shaft (8), a grain unloading impeller (19), a grain unloading cylinder (23), a U-shaped supporting plate (24) and a bearing seat support (25); One end of the grain discharging cylinder (23) is connected with the grain outlet (13), the other end of the grain discharging cylinder (23) is connected with the ventilation pipe (7), the joint of the grain discharging cylinder (23) and the ventilation pipe (7) is opened, the grain discharging impeller (19) is fixed on the grain discharging impeller shaft (8) and positioned in the grain discharging cylinder (23), the U-shaped supporting plate (24) is fixed on the harvester frame, the ventilation pipe (7) transversely passes through the U-shaped supporting plate (24), the bearing seat supports (25) are positioned on two sides of the grain discharging cylinder (23) and are coaxial with the grain discharging impeller shaft (8), the bearing seat supports (25) are arranged on the U-shaped supporting plate (24), and the two ends of the grain discharging impeller shaft (8) are provided with bearings and are respectively arranged on the bearing seat supports (25); One end of the grain discharge impeller shaft (8) is connected with a corresponding driving motor of the driving motor unit through a belt transmission device (21), so that the power of the driving motor drives the grain discharge impeller shaft (8) to rotate through the belt transmission device (21), and the grain discharge impeller (19) is rotated.
  5. 5. The hybrid rice seed production maternal seed unloading device of claim 1, wherein the tri-impeller device (16) comprises a device housing (1601), a tri-impeller drive motor (1602), impeller blades (1604), a tri-impeller shaft (1605) and a tri-impeller sleeve (1607); The three-impeller driving motor (1602) is connected with one end of the three-impeller shaft (1605) through a coupler, so that the three-impeller driving motor (1602) can transmit power to the three-impeller shaft (1605) to drive the impeller blades (1604) to rotate, the three-impeller driving motor (1602) is fixed in the device shell (1601), and the device shell (1601) is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper right-angle impeller mounting tube (2).
  6. 6. The hybrid rice seed production maternal seed unloading device according to claim 1, further comprising an upper elbow horizontal rotation adjusting device (17); The upper bent pipe horizontal rotation adjusting device (17) is positioned at the lower part of the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe (2), the upper bent pipe horizontal rotation adjusting device (17) is connected with the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe (2) through a pin, and the driving motor unit is connected with the upper bent pipe horizontal rotation adjusting device (17) and is used for driving the upper bent pipe horizontal rotation adjusting device (17) to drive the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe (2) to rotate so as to control the outlet position of the grain discharging outlet pipeline (4).
  7. 7. A control method of a hybrid rice seed production female parent seed grain unloading device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of: The grain impurity content monitoring device (3) monitors the impurity content of grains received in the grain tank (14), the shaking plate device (9) vibrates to enhance the fluidity of the grains in the grain tank (14), the grains enter the grain discharge impeller (19), the grains enter the ventilation pipe (7) after being acted by the grain discharge impeller (19), the centrifugal fan (6) generates air flow to push the grains to flow rapidly, and the three-impeller device (16) at the interface of the high-position grain discharging cylinder (15) and the grain discharging outlet pipeline (4) accelerates the discharge of the grains; the control device inputs the impurity content of the seeds monitored by the impurity content monitoring device (3) of the reversely called grain tank (14) from empty to full into an impurity content control matching model obtained through neural network training, obtains the optimal predicted values of the shaking frequency of the shaking plate device (9), the rotating speed of the grain discharging device, the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan (6) and the rotating speed of the tri-impeller device (16) at the next moment, and adjusts the shaking frequency of the shaking plate device (9), the rotating speed of the grain discharging device, the rotating speed of the centrifugal fan (6) and the rotating speed of the tri-impeller device (16) according to the predicted values.
  8. 8. The control method of hybrid rice seed production maternal seed unloading device according to claim 7, wherein the impurity rate control matching model is: F(Z)= ,N G (Z)= ,N C (Z)= ,N M (Z)= , wherein Z is the impurity content of the seeds monitored by the seed impurity content monitoring device (3), F (Z) is the frequency of a shaking plate, F 1 (Z) is the frequency of a first-gear shaking plate, F 2 (Z) is the frequency of a second-gear shaking plate, F 3 (Z) is the frequency of a third-gear shaking plate, N G (Z) is the rotation speed of a grain-discharging impeller, N G1 is the rotation speed of the first-gear grain-discharging impeller, N G2 is the rotation speed of the second-gear grain-discharging impeller, N G3 is the rotation speed of the third-gear grain-discharging impeller, N C (Z) is the rotation speed of a centrifugal fan, N C1 is the rotation speed of the first-gear centrifugal fan, N C2 is the rotation speed of the second-gear centrifugal fan, N C3 is the rotation speed of the third-gear centrifugal fan, N M (Z) is the rotation speed of a motor direct-connection three-blade wheel, N M1 is the rotation speed of the first-gear motor direct-connection three-blade wheel, N M2 is the rotation speed of the second-gear motor direct-connection three-blade wheel, and N M3 is the rotation speed of the third-gear motor direct-connection three-gear; Z、f 1 （Z）、f 2 （Z）、f 3 （Z）、n G1 （Z）、n G2 （Z）、n G3 （Z）、n C1 （Z）、n C2 （Z）、n C3 （Z）、n M1 （Z）、n M2 （Z）、n M3 （Z） The following constraints are satisfied: when Z is less than or equal to 1.0%, then 2.80Hz≤f 1 (Z)≤3.15Hz 22 r/min<n G3 (Z)≤28r/min 3400r/min<n C3 (Z)≤3600 r/min 13r/min≤n M1 (Z)≤15r/min When 1.0% < Z≤1.5%, then 3.15Hz<f 2 (Z)≤5.46Hz 14 r/min<n G2 (Z)≤22 r/min 3000r/min<n C2 (Z)≤3400r/min 15r/min<n M2 (Z)≤22r/min When Z >1.5%, then 5.46Hz<f 3 (Z)≤7.83Hz 10 r/min≤n G1 (Z)≤14 r/min 2800 r/min≤n C1 (Z)≤3000 r/min 22r/min<n M3 (Z)≤31 r/min。
  9. 9. A harvester comprising a hybrid rice seed production maternal seed discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, said discharge device being controlled according to the control method of the discharge device according to any one of claims 7 to 8.

Description

Hybrid rice seed production female parent seed grain unloading device, control method and harvester Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of self-adaptive control of combine harvesters, and particularly relates to a hybrid rice seed production female parent seed unloading device, a control method and a harvester. Background The combine harvester is used as a compound operation agricultural machine integrating functions of cutting, conveying, threshing and separating, cleaning, grain collecting and the like, has the characteristics of high operation efficiency, strong maneuverability and the like, and plays an important role in reducing the labor intensity of farmers, improving the productivity of rural areas and the like. The investigation shows that the grain unloading time of the full grain tank of the domestic combine harvester at the current stage is generally slower and is doubled than that of the combine harvester in the Japanese Jiubao field with the same feeding amount, and the operation efficiency of the combine harvester is seriously influenced. In order to improve the grain unloading efficiency, scholars at home and abroad conduct a great deal of research work, but most researches start from the aspects of changing structural parameters of a grain tank, a grain unloading cylinder, a screw conveyer and the like, the grain unloading efficiency is limited, and the crushing rate of grains can be increased when the structural parameters of the screw conveyer and the like are set improperly. The pneumatic grain conveying device has the characteristics of high efficiency and low damage, the grain unloading efficiency of the grain unloading device can be remarkably improved, the secondary damage during short delivery grains is reduced, but the grain unloading system of the pneumatic grain conveying combine harvester at the present stage has the following defects that ① has no shaking plate device, when the impurity content of grains in a grain tank is too high, the material fluidity is poor, the grain outlet is blocked, the material cannot enter a grain discharging impeller, ② seeds are easily accumulated at a junction, the parameters of the fan rotating speed of the grain unloading device, the rotating speed of the grain discharging impeller and the like, which influence the grain unloading smoothness ③, cannot be fixed, the air flow rate cannot be increased or reduced according to the impurity content condition of the seeds in the grain tank, the ④ fan adopts a vortex fan, the variable working condition performance of the fan is poor, the grain accumulation in a pipeline causes the operation effect to be not guaranteed, and the comparison result of the grain unloading efficiency indicates that the pneumatic grain unloading speed is slower than that the grain unloading speed of the spiral conveyer. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least to some extent one of the above technical problems. Therefore, the invention provides a hybrid rice seed production female parent seed grain unloading device, a control method and a harvester, which improve grain unloading efficiency and reduce grain breakage. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a kind of hybrid rice seed female parent seed discharges the grain device, including the impurity rate monitoring device of the seed, discharge the grain outlet pipe, centrifugal fan, shaking the board device, drive the motor group, grain tank, high-order and discharges the grain cylinder, three impeller devices, grain discharging device and controlling device; The grain impurity content monitoring device is arranged at the top of the grain tank and is used for monitoring the impurity content of seeds in the grain tank, a grain outlet is arranged below the grain tank, a shaking plate device is arranged at the grain outlet, one end of the grain discharging device is connected with the grain outlet, the other end of the grain discharging device is communicated with a ventilation pipe, one end of the ventilation pipe is communicated with a centrifugal fan, the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected with one end of a high-position grain discharging cylinder, the other end of the high-position grain discharging cylinder is connected with a grain discharging outlet pipeline through an upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe, a tri-impeller device is arranged on the upper right-angle impeller mounting pipe, the centrifugal fan is used for blowing seeds falling into the ventilation pipe to the outlet of the grain discharging outlet pipeline, the shaking plate device is used for shaking the seeds falling onto the shaking plate device, the seeds are discharged into the ventilation pipe through the shaking plate device, the tri-impeller device is used for accelerating the seeds to be discharged into the ventilation pipe, the driving motor set is respectively connected with the shaking plate device, the grain discharging de