CN-119153957-B - Liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna, which consists of a plurality of identical liquid crystal holographic super-surface panels and 1 monopole antenna feed source, wherein the liquid crystal holographic super-surface panels adopt a liquid crystal display processing technology design, a central opening of a liquid crystal glass plate is avoided in a block splicing mode, the monopole antenna feed source is placed at the central opening, the processing difficulty is reduced, the directional diagram and the polarization state of the antenna can be flexibly controlled by independently controlling the liquid crystal dielectric constant of each unit, the control of the directional diagram and the control of the polarization are mutually independent, and the reconstruction freedom degree of the antenna is improved.

Inventors

• ZHANG YAN
• LI SHIZE
• GAO YUCHUN

Assignees

• 北京航空航天大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20240905

Claims (4)

1. 1. A liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna is characterized by comprising a monopole antenna feed source (1) and Q liquid crystal holographic super-surface panels (2), wherein, The Q liquid crystal holographic super surface panels (2) are sequentially spliced in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction to generate a groove for placing the monopole antenna feed source (1) at the central position, wherein Q is more than or equal to 3; Each liquid crystal holographic super surface panel (2) comprises liquid crystal holographic super surface units (3) which are arranged in a periodic array, wherein each liquid crystal holographic super surface unit (3) comprises an upper glass substrate (4), a patch electrode (5), a liquid crystal layer (6), a common ground electrode (7) and a lower glass substrate (8) which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, the common ground electrodes (7) of all the liquid crystal holographic super surface units (3) apply the same voltage, and the patch electrodes (5) apply independent voltages; The liquid crystal holographic super surface panel (2) realizes independent control of the liquid crystal dielectric constant of each liquid crystal holographic super surface unit (3) by independently controlling the voltage of the patch electrode (5) of each liquid crystal holographic super surface unit (3), thereby realizing independent regulation and control of beam pointing and polarization states.
2. 2. A liquid crystal holographic super surface antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the ground of the monopole antenna feed (1) is a common ground electrode (7), the height of the monopole antenna feed (1) being adjusted to adjust the operating frequency by excitation through a coaxial connector located at the back of the common ground electrode (7).
3. 3. A liquid crystal holographic subsurface antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna beam pointing is determined by the liquid crystal permittivity, and beam scanning is achieved by setting the liquid crystal permittivity distribution of the liquid crystal layer (6).
4. 4. A liquid crystal holographic subsurface antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna polarization state is determined by the liquid crystal dielectric constant, polarization switching being achieved by setting the liquid crystal dielectric constant distribution of the liquid crystal layer (6).

Description

Liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of reconfigurable antennas, and particularly relates to a liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna capable of realizing beam scanning and polarization switching. Background With the development of communication technology, the functional requirements on the antenna become more complex, and the application requirements of a communication system are gradually difficult to be met by the traditional non-reconfigurable antenna with single performance. The reconfigurable antenna can realize flexible change of the radiation performance of the antenna by changing the structure of the antenna, thereby meeting the real-time requirement of a communication system. Reconfigurable antennas can be classified into frequency reconfigurable, pattern reconfigurable, polarization reconfigurable, etc. in terms of changing antenna radiation performance. From the viewpoint of the reconfiguration capability, the reconfigurable antenna can be divided into a single-performance reconfigurable and a multi-performance hybrid reconfigurable. In the current common design of reconfigurable antennas, electronic control elements such as PIN diodes, varactors, MEMS devices and the like are generally adopted to realize antenna reconfiguration, the modulation freedom of the elements is limited, continuous modulation cannot be realized, and the power loss at high frequency is large, so that serious heating and cost problems can be caused. The holographic antenna is a novel artificial impedance modulation antenna, has the advantages of low profile, conformal performance, easy integration and simple feed structure, has good control capability on radiation patterns and polarization, and is widely researched by domestic and foreign scientific researchers. Most of the current holographic antennas are non-reconfigurable antennas and PIN diode loaded reconfigurable antennas, are difficult to achieve high modulation efficiency and caliber efficiency, and are not suitable for high frequency applications. The liquid crystal material is a tunable material which is between solid and liquid and has anisotropy, the liquid crystal can display different dielectric constants by changing the bias voltage applied to the liquid crystal material, the regulation and control power consumption of the liquid crystal is low, and the liquid crystal has continuous modulation capability. In summary, based on the application requirements of the reconfigurable antenna and the characteristics of the liquid crystal material, the design of the reconfigurable antenna based on the liquid crystal material has remarkable significance. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna, which realizes the beam scanning and polarization switching of the antenna by setting the dielectric constant of liquid crystal and has the advantages of low profile, low power consumption, easy processing, simple reconstruction mode and simple feed source structure. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A liquid crystal holographic super-surface antenna comprises a monopole antenna feed source and Q liquid crystal holographic super-surface panels, wherein, The Q liquid crystal holographic super surface panels are sequentially spliced in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction to generate a groove for placing a monopole antenna feed source at the central position, wherein Q is more than or equal to 3; Each liquid crystal holographic super surface panel comprises liquid crystal holographic super surface units which are arrayed in a periodic array, and each liquid crystal holographic super surface unit comprises an upper glass substrate, a patch electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a public ground electrode and a lower glass substrate which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom. Further, the ground of the monopole antenna feed source is a public ground electrode, and the height of the monopole antenna feed source is excited and adjusted through a coaxial connector positioned on the back of the public ground electrode so as to adjust the working frequency. Further, the antenna beam pointing is determined by the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal, and beam scanning is realized by setting the dielectric constant distribution of the liquid crystal layer. Further, the polarization state of the antenna is determined by the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal, and polarization switching is realized by setting the dielectric constant distribution of the liquid crystal layer. Further, in each liquid crystal holographic super surface panel, the common ground electrode of all the liquid crystal holographic super surface units applies the same voltage, and the patch electrodes apply independent voltages. Compared with the pri