CN-119183761-B - Aeration type phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device and fertilizing method

CN119183761BCN 119183761 BCN119183761 BCN 119183761BCN-119183761-B

Abstract

The invention provides an aeration type phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device and a fertilizing method, and belongs to the technical field of phyllostachys praecox planting. The device comprises a feeding valve, a connecting frame and a hollow inserted link, wherein the feeding valve comprises a valve body and a plunger longitudinally and slidably connected in the valve body, the connecting frame is connected with the outer wall of the valve body and the upper end of the inserted link, a liquid inlet valve cavity and a mixing valve cavity positioned below the liquid inlet valve cavity are formed between the valve body and the plunger, the liquid inlet valve cavity is connected with the water outlet end of a water pump, the water inlet end of the water pump is connected with a liquid fertilizer storage tank, the valve body is provided with a one-way air inlet valve connected with the mixing valve cavity and the atmosphere, the mixing valve cavity is also connected with the upper end of the inserted link, the plunger is provided with a first liquid inlet channel capable of communicating the liquid inlet valve cavity with the mixing valve cavity, an inlet of the first liquid inlet channel is positioned on the wall surface of the plunger, a pre-tightening spring I is connected between the top of the plunger and the valve body, and the water fertilizer is applied by the aeration fertilizer applying device, and the fertilization effect and the soil quality are optimized.

Inventors

LIU QINGPING
XU LIJUN
HE YONG
LIU ZHENG
TU MING
GONG MIAO
TAN HAISHAN
WU JIE
CHEN HONGXI

Assignees

咸宁市林业科学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20241029

Claims (4)

1. The aeration type phyllostachys pubescens fertilizing device is characterized by comprising a feeding valve (1), a connecting frame (3) and a hollow inserted link (4), wherein the feeding valve (1) comprises a valve body (11) and a plunger (12) longitudinally and slidably connected in the valve body (11), the connecting frame (3) is connected with the outer wall of the valve body (11) and the upper end of the inserted link (4), a liquid inlet valve cavity (13) and a mixing valve cavity (14) positioned below the liquid inlet valve cavity (13) are formed between the valve body (11) and the plunger (12), the liquid inlet valve cavity (13) is connected with the water outlet end of a water pump, the water inlet end of the water pump is connected with a liquid fertilizer storage tank, the valve body (11) is provided with a unidirectional air inlet valve (15) connected with the mixing valve cavity (14) and the atmosphere, the valve cavity (14) is also connected with the upper end of the inserted link (4), the plunger (12) is provided with a first liquid inlet passage (16) capable of communicating the liquid inlet valve cavity (13) with the mixing valve cavity (14), the inlet of the first liquid inlet passage (16) is positioned on the wall of the plunger (12), and the top of the plunger (17) is connected with the top of the valve body (17); The lower end of the connecting frame (3) is provided with a storage cavity (31), the storage cavity (31) is connected with the upper end of the inserted link (4), and the mixing valve cavity (14) is connected with the storage cavity (31) through a hose (32); The plunger piston is characterized in that a pressurizing cavity (21) is formed in the plunger piston (12), a breathing hole is formed in the top of the pressurizing cavity (21), a piston (22) longitudinally slides in the pressurizing cavity (21), a pre-tightening spring II (23) is connected between the upper end of the piston (22) and the plunger piston (12), a second liquid inlet channel (24) capable of being communicated with the liquid inlet valve cavity (13) is formed below the piston (22), an inlet of the second liquid inlet channel (24) is formed in the wall surface of the plunger piston (12), and an inlet of the second liquid inlet channel (24) is formed above an inlet of the first liquid inlet channel (16); The connecting frame (3) comprises two connecting plates (33), the upper ends of the two connecting plates (33) are hinged with the outer wall surface of the valve body (11), the lower ends of the two connecting plates (33) are connected with the shell of the storage cavity (31), and the two connecting plates (33) and the shell of the storage cavity (31) form a stepping force part (34); The plug rod (4) comprises a rod body (41), a material hole (42) positioned in the rod body (41) and an anti-blocking structure positioned at the lower end of the plug rod (4), wherein the anti-blocking structure comprises a conical plug (43), a pull rod (44) and a reed (45), the reed (45) is fixed at the middle part of the rod body (41), a plurality of through holes are formed in the reed (45), the reed (45) is connected with the upper end of the pull rod (44), the conical plug (43) is connected with the lower end of the pull rod (44), and the reed (45) can drive the conical plug (43) to block the lower end of the material hole (42).
2. An aerated phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device as in claim 1, characterized in that a limiting plate (35) is connected between the two connecting plates (33) and is sleeved outside the valve body (11).
3. An aerated phyllostachys praecox fertiliser according to claim 1, characterised in that the valve body (11) has a grip (5) thereon.
4. The phyllostachys praecox fertilizing method is characterized by comprising the following specific operations: the method comprises the steps of water management, namely accurately irrigating the bamboo forest to be covered so as to meet the requirement of each growth period of the bamboo forest on water, and irrigating in time in the differentiation period, the expansion period and the winter bamboo shoot period of the bamboo shoots when soil is dry, wherein a large amount of water is required for the soil emergence growth of the bamboo shoots before the bamboo forest is covered in the middle ten days of 11 months, and the bamboo shoots are required to be irrigated thoroughly and are immediately covered; The whip fertilizer comprises the steps of firstly, spreading an organic fertilizer 22500/hm 2 in the first ten days of 5 months, secondly, spreading a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 300kg/hm 2 in the second ten days of 5 months, thirdly, spreading a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 300kg/hm 2 in the third ten days of 6 months, thirdly, spreading a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 450kg/hm 2 in the third ten days of 7 months, and thirdly, spreading a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 450kg/hm 2 in the third ten days of 8 months; the fertilizer for gestating bamboo shoots is that the temperature is gradually reduced in the last 9 months, the growth of bamboo whips is slowed down, and the bamboo shoots are transferred into the differentiation period of bamboo shoots, and the high nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied at the rate of 450kg/hm 2 ; Heating fertilizer, namely applying 7500kg/hm 2 of unfermented cake fertilizer and 750kg/hm 2 of high-potassium compound fertilizer in the last ten days of 11 months; The fertilizer is applied to the bamboo shoot holes, wherein the fertilizer application time is at the end of 4 months in the next year, and after the chaff is removed, urea 300 kg/hm 2 is applied; The application of the compound fertilizer, the water and the urea is carried out by adopting the aeration type phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device according to any one of claims 1-3, the penetration depth of the inserted rod (4) is controlled to be 10-20 mm, and the discharge pressure peak value of the outlet of the inserted rod (4) is 1.5-4 atmospheres.

Description

Aeration type phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device and fertilizing method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of phyllostachys praecox planting, and relates to an aeration phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device and a fertilizing method. Background The phyllostachys praecox belongs to the Gramineae, is excellent bamboo species for early bamboo shoots in scattered bamboo species, is widely distributed in the regions of the south of Yangtze river, has two types of phyllostachys praecox and thin She Leizhu, wherein the bamboo shoot emergence period of thin She Leizhu is 10-15 days earlier than that of phyllostachys praecox, the taste of the bamboo shoots is sweet and tender, the yield is high, the economic benefit is higher than that of phyllostachys praecox, so that thin She Leizhu is planted more, the bamboo shoots have the advantages of high yield, attractive taste, obvious economic benefit and the like, and the bamboo shoots are tender in quality, crisp and tasty, have high nutritive value and are regarded as delicacies and high-quality forest products for people, and are traditional bulk export agriculture and forestry products in China. The phyllostachys praecox is introduced into Chongyang county in the Mining city from 1994 to date, and the phyllostachys praecox continuous planting area with the largest county is developed, the planting scale reaches 4 tens of thousands of acres, the annual yield of fresh bamboo shoots is 1500 tens of thousands of jin, and the average annual income per acre can bring about 8000 yuan of pure income for bamboo shoot farmers. The phyllostachys praecox shoots are thick, thick in shell, thin and thick in meat, delicious and rich in nutrition, are rich in cellulose and various vitamins and amino acids, and are discharged from Lei Sun when the temperature of the phyllostachys praecox in the late 2 months to the upper 3 months reaches 10 ℃ in a natural state (in the south of the jaw as an example), so that the optimal marketing time of spring festival is missed. The reasonable fertilization and covering temperature control technology can lead the bamboo shoot period to be advanced, the yield to be increased, the bamboo shoot quality to be delicious, the requirement of the phyllostachys praecox on the phyllostachys praecox in spring festival to be met, and the economic benefit to be remarkably increased, which is an important research direction of the phyllostachys praecox economic planting, however, the cost of the method is relatively high, and the yield of the bamboo shoots before the natural bamboo shoot period is not ideal at present. Disclosure of Invention The first object of the present invention is to provide an aeration type phyllostachys praecox fertilizing device, which aims to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an aeration type fertilizing method, which can reduce fertilizer loss, loosen soil, increase oxygen content in soil and optimize bamboo shoot environment. The invention discloses an aeration type phyllostachys pubescens fertilizer applying device which is characterized by comprising a feeding valve, a connecting frame and a hollow inserting rod, wherein the feeding valve comprises a valve body and a plunger longitudinally and slidably connected in the valve body, the connecting frame is connected with the outer wall of the valve body and the upper end of the inserting rod, a liquid inlet valve cavity and a mixing valve cavity positioned below the liquid inlet valve cavity are formed between the valve body and the plunger, the liquid inlet valve cavity is connected with the water outlet end of a water pump, the water inlet end of the water pump is connected with a liquid fertilizer storage tank, a unidirectional air inlet valve for connecting the mixing valve cavity with the atmosphere is arranged on the valve body, the mixing valve cavity is also connected with the upper end of the inserting rod, a first liquid inlet channel capable of communicating the liquid inlet valve cavity with the mixing valve cavity is arranged on the plunger, an inlet of the first liquid inlet channel is positioned on the wall surface of the plunger, and a pre-tightening spring I is connected between the top of the plunger and the valve body. Further, the lower end of the connecting frame is provided with a storage cavity, the storage cavity is connected with the upper end of the inserted link, and the mixing cavity is connected with the storage cavity through a hose. Further, a pressurizing cavity is formed in the plunger, a breathing hole is formed in the top of the pressurizing cavity, a piston longitudinally slides in the pressurizing cavity, a second pre-tightening spring is connected between the upper end of the piston and the plunger, a second liquid inlet channel capable of being communicated with the liquid inlet valve cavity is formed below the piston, an inlet of the second liquid inlet channel is located on th