CN-119234684-B - Cabbage seedling raising method suitable for automatic seedling taking and transplanting machine planting

CN119234684BCN 119234684 BCN119234684 BCN 119234684BCN-119234684-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a cabbage seedling raising method suitable for being planted by an automatic seedling taking transplanter, which belongs to the technical field of cabbage seedling raising, and comprises the following steps of (1) plug tray and disinfection; the seedling raising method disclosed by the invention can solve the problems that the seedlings of the cabbage cultivated by the plug tray at present are irregular in emergence, unreasonable in plant height and stem thickness and long in squatting time, and the seedlings of the cabbage suitable for being transplanted by an automatic seedling taking transplanter are difficult to cultivate.

Inventors

WANG ZHIWEI
DAI SIHUI
TANG SIQI
DONG HUANGLIN

Assignees

湖南省农业装备研究所
湖南农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241115

Claims (4)

1. The cabbage seedling raising method suitable for being planted by the automatic seedling taking transplanter is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) The plug and the disinfection, namely, the seedling substrate is filled in the plug after the hard plug is disinfected; (2) Sowing, namely sowing the sterilized seeds in the center of the hole after the humidity of the seedling substrate is regulated; (3) The seedling stage comprises the steps of carrying out light-proof germination acceleration on the sown seeds, maintaining the daytime temperature at 23-27 ℃ and the nighttime temperature at 20-24 ℃ and the relative humidity of air and a matrix at 85-95%, and carrying out germination acceleration until the cotyledon is out of the soil; (4) The seedling stage comprises maintaining daytime temperature at 20-24 deg.C, nighttime temperature at 14-18 deg.C, and relative humidity of air and matrix at 60-70%, and shading properly until cotyledon is stretched completely; (5) High seedling treatment, namely stretching cotyledons to shade after two leaves are centered, wherein the daytime temperature is 25-27 ℃, the nighttime temperature is 18-20 ℃, the relative humidity of air and a matrix is 80-85%, and simultaneously carrying out seedling high treatment for 2-4 days, and adding plant ash matrix again after the high seedling treatment is completed; (6) Controlling the daytime temperature to be 25-27 ℃ and the nighttime temperature to be 14-15 ℃ after the high seedling treatment is completed, controlling the relative humidity of air and a matrix to be 65-70%, increasing the illumination intensity, and supplementing water and fertilizer; (7) In the seedling hardening period, the temperature is maintained at 16-20 ℃ in daytime, the temperature is maintained at 10-14 ℃ at night, the relative humidity of air and a matrix is maintained at 50-55%, and cabbage seedlings suitable for being planted by an automatic seedling taking transplanter are obtained after hardening for 3-5 days; In the step (5), the high seedling treatment is to spray brassica oleracea seedlings once by using a brassin solution, spray the brassica oleracea seedlings by using a high seedling treatment agent after 1-2 days, and add plant ash matrixes after 1-2 days of spraying the high seedling treatment agent; the concentration of the brassin solution is 0.02-0.025wt%, the use amount of the brassin solution is 1 ml/hole, and the use amount of the Gao Miao treating agent is 2 ml/hole; The weight ratio of the raw materials of chitosan, tannic acid, magnesium hydroxide, betaine, choline chloride, urea and hydrolyzed gelatin of Gao Miao is (3-4) 1 (0.3-0.5), 0.1-0.2 and 1.2-1.3) 1:0.5; In the step (5), the plant ash substrate treatment specific operation is added after the high seedling treatment is completed, and the method comprises the following steps: Spreading a layer of plant ash substrate with the mass ratio of 0.5-1cm and mixed by plant ash and seedling substrate according to the mass ratio of 0.5 (1-2) after the high seedling treatment, and then carrying out watering treatment; The preparation method of Gao Miao treating agent comprises the following steps: (1) Adding magnesium hydroxide into 2-3wt% tannic acid solution, stirring for 1-2h, standing overnight, adding 3-4wt% chitosan solution and betaine, and stirring to obtain mixed hydrogel; (2) Heating choline chloride and urea in water bath to 80 ℃, stirring for reacting for 60min, cooling, adding 10-15wt% of hydrolyzed gelatin solution, stirring uniformly, adding mixed hydrogel, heating in water bath to 40-45 ℃, stirring at high speed for 15-20min, and standing to obtain the high-seedling treating agent.
2. The method for raising seedlings of cabbage suitable for being planted by automatic seedling taking and transplanting machine according to claim 1, wherein 98 or 105 trays are selected when young cabbage seedlings of more than 30 days are cultivated, and 128 or 200 trays are selected when young cabbage seedlings of less than 30 days are cultivated.
3. The cabbage seedling growing method suitable for being planted by the automatic seedling taking and transplanting machine according to claim 2, wherein the seedling growing matrix is mixed according to the mass ratio of perlite to peat soil to mushroom residue of 1:1:2, and 2kg of compound fertilizer is added into each cubic meter of seedling growing matrix before use.
4. A method for raising seedlings of cabbage suitable for being planted by an automatic seedling taking and transplanting machine according to claim 3, wherein said Gao Miao treating agents are diluted 3-5 times for use.

Description

Cabbage seedling raising method suitable for automatic seedling taking and transplanting machine planting Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of cabbage seedling cultivation, in particular to a cabbage seedling cultivation method suitable for being planted by an automatic seedling taking transplanter. Background The cabbage is rich in nutrition and easy to cultivate on a large scale in open field, is one of important vegetables for vegetable supply and export in China, and has a annual seeding area of about 90 ten thousand hectares. With the change of planting structure and the acceptance of consumers to the nutritive value, the cultivation area is continuously enlarged, the planting scale is changed from the dispersion transplanting of farmers to the intensive, specialized and base production, especially the base development is rapid, and the demand for efficient and light cultivation technology is becoming strong. Transplanting is the most important link in cabbage production, the labor consumption of the transplanting machine reaches about 30% of the total labor consumption, the transplanting machine is more in production, but the application rate is less than 20%, and one of the main reasons is that seedlings bred by the existing seedling raising technology do not meet the requirements of automatic seedling taking and transplanting, the seedling taking success rate is low, the seedling damage rate is high, and the requirements of automatic seedling taking and transplanting cannot be met. At present, cabbage seedlings transplanted by a transplanter are usually cultivated by plug seedling, the automatic seedling taking transplanter directly clamps the roots of the cabbage seedlings to take the seedlings out of the plug, but the cabbage seedlings cultivated by the common plug seedling method have the advantages of irregular seedlings, easy overgrowth, long squatting time and easy damage to the seedlings in the machine transplanting process, so that the seedlings cultivated by the common plug seedling method are not beneficial to mechanical transplanting, and a new cabbage seedling method is applicable to machine transplanting. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a cabbage seedling raising method suitable for planting by an automatic seedling taking transplanter, which solves the problems that the seedlings of the cabbage cultivated by the plug tray are not orderly in emergence, are unreasonable in plant height and stem thickness, are long in squatting time and are difficult to cultivate the seedlings of the cabbage suitable for transplanting by the transplanter. The invention solves the problems by the following scheme: A cabbage seedling growing method suitable for being planted by an automatic seedling taking transplanter, which comprises the following steps: (1) The plug and the disinfection, namely, the seedling substrate is filled in the plug after the hard plug is disinfected; (2) Sowing, namely sowing the sterilized seeds in the center of the hole after the humidity of the seedling substrate is regulated; (3) The seedling stage comprises the steps of carrying out light-proof germination acceleration on the sown seeds, maintaining the daytime temperature at 23-27 ℃ and the nighttime temperature at 20-24 ℃ and the relative humidity of air and a matrix at 85-95%, and carrying out germination acceleration until the cotyledon is out of the soil; (4) The seedling stage comprises maintaining daytime temperature at 20-24 deg.C, nighttime temperature at 14-18 deg.C, and relative humidity of air and matrix at 60-70%, and shading properly until cotyledon is stretched completely; (5) High seedling treatment, namely stretching cotyledons to shade after two leaves are centered, wherein the daytime temperature is 25-27 ℃, the nighttime temperature is 18-20 ℃, the relative humidity of air and a matrix is 80-85%, and simultaneously carrying out seedling high treatment for 2-4 days, and adding plant ash matrix again after the high seedling treatment is completed; (6) Controlling the daytime temperature to be 25-27 ℃ and the nighttime temperature to be 14-15 ℃ after the high seedling treatment is completed, controlling the relative humidity of air and a matrix to be 65-70%, increasing the illumination intensity, and supplementing water and fertilizer; (7) And in the seedling hardening period, the temperature is maintained at 16-20 ℃ in daytime, the temperature is maintained at 10-14 ℃ at night, the relative humidity of air and a matrix is maintained at 50-55%, and the cabbage seedlings suitable for being planted by the automatic seedling taking transplanter are obtained after hardening for 3-5 days. The cabbage seedling prepared by the invention is suitable for an automatic seedling taking transplanter, so that the cabbage seedling is different from common cabbage seedling, and damage can be reduced when the transplanter clamps the seedlings because the