CN-119345923-B - Amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of air filtration membrane materials, the invention obtains an amino polylactic acid fiber membrane (MSC-PLA fiber membrane) by introducing high-activity amino groups to increase hydrogen bond density and promote formation of stereocomplex, provides a triboelectric nano-generator foundation, by compounding with the electrode film, charges can be stably collected and a potential field is formed, and the triboelectric nano generator structure is formed by a combined film mode, so that the amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nano fiber film with high electric activity, antimicrobial activity, excellent PMs filtering effect and low filtration resistance is obtained, and the potential of the filter material is not influenced after long-term storage.

Inventors

• HAN WENJIE
• XU HUAN
• ZHOU HAIFENG
• MENG FANYU
• ZHANG YONGFU
• CHEN HAO
• YAN YAYA
• LIANG YUFEI
• SONG XINYI
• LI XIAOCHUAN

Assignees

• 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司
• 中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司
• 北京新风航天装备有限公司
• 中国安全生产科学研究院
• 中国矿业大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20241114

Claims (6)

1. 1. The preparation method of the amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Taking the levorotatory polylactic acid and the dextrorotatory polylactic acid as raw materials, respectively dissolving the raw materials in a solvent to obtain a first spinning solution and a second spinning solution, and mixing the first spinning solution and the second spinning solution to obtain a spinning solution; adding aminated metal organic skeleton powder into the spinning solution to obtain a blend solution, carrying out electrostatic spinning on the blend solution to enable amino groups and chain groups of polylactic acid in the spinning solution to form hydrogen bonds to obtain an aminated polylactic acid fiber membrane, wherein the mass fraction of the aminated metal organic skeleton powder in the aminated polylactic acid fiber membrane is 1% -10%, and the aminated metal organic skeleton is NH 2 -ZIF-8、NH 2 -UiO-66 or NH 2 -MIL-101; And compositing the amino polylactic acid fiber membrane with an electrode membrane to obtain an amino reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane, wherein a gap between the amino polylactic acid fiber membrane and the electrode membrane is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the electrode membrane is one or two of a copper mesh electrode membrane, a silver nanowire electrode membrane and a silver mesh electrode membrane.
2. 2. The preparation method of the electrostatic spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the electrostatic spinning are that the output voltage is 25 kV-50 kV, the spinning temperature is 20-50 ℃, the spinning humidity is 20-40%, and the consumption rate of the blending liquid is 0.1-2 mL/h.
3. 3. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the L-polylactic acid is (1-4) multiplied by 10 5 , the molecular weight of the D-polylactic acid is (0.5-2) multiplied by 10 5 , and the mass ratio of the D-polylactic acid to the L-polylactic acid is 1:99-99:1.
4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fiber average diameter of the aminated polylactic acid fiber film is 0.01 to 1.5 μm, and the gram weight of the aminated polylactic acid fiber film is 2.0 to 7.5g/m 2 .
5. 5. An amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-4.
6. 6. Use of the amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane according to claim 5 in air filtration.

Description

Amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of air filtering membrane materials, in particular to an amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the rapid development of global industrialization, the problem of air pollution is increasingly serious. In order to block the harm of air pollutants to human health, development of an air filtering membrane with long-acting microorganism inactivation, low filtration resistance and excellent filtering effect is urgently needed. The existing air filtering membrane is prepared by polypropylene fibers, the filtering efficiency of particulate matters is increased by mechanical filtering and capturing of charged fibers on the particulates, but the polypropylene has the problem of natural degradation difficulty, so that the environment-friendly concept of green sustainable development is not facilitated. Polylactic acid is a biodegradable material, the raw material of which is prepared from starch extracted from plants, carbon dioxide and water generated by degradation in the natural world can be reused by the plants through photosynthesis, and the recyclable and sustainable green cycle is embodied. Because of the advantages of excellent mechanical property, good biocompatibility, no toxicity, mild property and the like, the air filter has wide application prospect in the air filtration field. Meanwhile, polylactic acid shows shearing friction electricity due to chiral centers in molecular chains, polarization treatment of an external electric field is not needed, voltage can be generated through mechanical action, and the method is simple and efficient and is easy to realize large-scale production. However, polylactic acid has the problems of small number of chain active groups and low polarization degree, thereby affecting the tensile strength and triboelectric effect of the polylactic acid. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane, a preparation method and application thereof, which effectively solve the technical problems of poor tensile strength and triboelectric effect of polylactic acid caused by small number of active groups of polylactic acid chains and low polarization degree, the invention strengthens the stereocomplex of polylactic acid through the aminated metal organic framework material, strengthens the electric activity and gas separation capacity of the nanofiber membrane, and ensures that the nanofiber membrane has the characteristics of harmful gas separation, high efficiency, low resistance and bacteriostasis. The invention provides a preparation method of an amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane, which comprises the following steps: And respectively dissolving the left-handed polylactic acid and the right-handed polylactic acid serving as raw materials in a solvent to obtain a first spinning solution and a second spinning solution, and mixing to obtain the spinning solution. Adding the aminated metal organic framework powder into the spinning solution to obtain a blend solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning on the blend solution to enable amino groups to form hydrogen bonds with chain groups of polylactic acid in the spinning solution so as to obtain the aminated polylactic acid fiber membrane. And compounding the amino polylactic acid fiber membrane with an electrode membrane to obtain the amino-reinforced polylactic acid-based nanofiber membrane. As a preferable embodiment, the mass fraction of the aminated metal-organic framework powder in the aminated polylactic acid fiber membrane is 1% -10%. As a preferred embodiment, the metal-organic-amide framework is NH 2-ZIF-8、NH2 -UiO-66 or NH 2 -MIL-101. As a preferred embodiment, the molecular weight of the L-polylactic acid is (1-4) multiplied by 10 5, the molecular weight of the D-polylactic acid is (0.5-2) multiplied by 10 5, and the mass ratio of the D-polylactic acid to the L-polylactic acid is 1:99-99:1. As a preferable implementation mode, the parameter of the electrostatic spinning is that the output voltage is 25 kV-50 kV, the spinning temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the spinning humidity is 20-40%. As a preferable implementation mode, the consumption rate of the blend liquid is 0.1 mL/h-2 mL/h during electrostatic spinning, and the fiber winding rate is 500 rpm-5000 rpm. As a preferred embodiment, the electrode film is one or two of a copper mesh electrode, a silver nanowire electrode and a silver mesh electrode. In a preferred embodiment, the gap between the aminated polylactic acid fiber membrane and the electrode membrane is 0.1mm to 0.5mm. As a preferred embodiment, the fiber average diameter of the aminated polylactic acid fiber film is 0.01-1.5 μm, and the gram weight of the obtained fiber film i