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CN-119350611-B - Organic electrolyte and preparation method thereof, electrolyte membrane layer and preparation method thereof, lithium ion solid-state battery and vehicle

CN119350611BCN 119350611 BCN119350611 BCN 119350611BCN-119350611-B

Abstract

The application provides an organic electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, an electrolyte membrane layer and a preparation method thereof, a lithium ion solid-state battery and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of lithium batteries. The organic electrolyte includes a structure represented by formula I, Wherein R 1 、R 2 、R 3 each independently comprises one of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, and R 4 comprises at least one of a sulfonyl-containing group and an epoxy-containing group. Thus, the organic electrolyte has excellent electrochemical stability, so that the organic electrolyte can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of the lithium ion solid-state battery is improved.

Inventors

  • ZHANG YUANXI
  • OU MEI
  • MOU LISHA
  • DU CHANGHONG

Assignees

  • 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241022

Claims (12)

  1. 1. An organic electrolyte, characterized in that the organic electrolyte comprises a structure shown in formula I, A formula I; Wherein R 1 、R 2 、R 3 each independently comprises one of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, R 4 comprises at least one of a sulfonyl-containing group and an epoxy ether linkage-containing group, and n has a value in the range of [10000,15000]; The sulfonyl-containing group comprises at least one of the following structures: 、 、 、 And ; The epoxy ether linkage-containing group comprises at least one of the following structures: 、 And 。
  2. 2. The organic electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the organic electrolyte has an average molecular weight of 500000g/mol to 700000g/mol.
  3. 3. A method for preparing an organic electrolyte is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out substitution reaction on a first organic substance and a second organic substance in the presence of an organic solvent to obtain an organic electrolyte; wherein the first organic matter comprises a structure shown in formula II: A formula II; R 1 、R 2 、R 3 each independently comprises one of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, the second organic matter comprises at least one of sulfonyl halide, epoxyhalopropane and 1, 2-epoxychlorobutane, the value range of n is [10000,15000], the second organic matter meets at least one of the following conditions, wherein the sulfonyl halide comprises at least one of methylsulfonyl chloride, methylsulfonyl bromide, ethylsulfonyl chloride, propylsulfonyl chloride, phenylsulfonyl bromide and p-methylphenyl sulfonyl chloride, and the epoxyhalopropane comprises at least one of epoxychloropropane, epoxybromopropane and methyl epoxychloropropane.
  4. 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the first organic substance comprises polyethylene oxide.
  5. 5. The method of any one of claims 3-4, wherein the substitution reaction satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The feeding mole ratio of the first organic matters to the second organic matters is 1 (1-3); the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 25-35 ℃, and the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 16-24 h.
  6. 6. An electrolyte membrane layer, characterized by comprising an inorganic electrolyte, a polymer, a lithium salt and the organic electrolyte according to claim 1 or 2, or the organic electrolyte prepared by the method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the polymer is coated on the surface of the inorganic electrolyte, the organic electrolyte is arranged on the surface of the polymer away from the inorganic electrolyte, and the lithium salt is arranged in the organic electrolyte, wherein the polymer comprises a structure shown in formula III, Formula III; Wherein R 5 comprises one of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, and R 6 、R 7 each independently comprises one of hydrogen and methoxy; the average molecular weight of the polymer is from 414g/mol to 634g/mol.
  7. 7. The electrolyte membrane according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture of the inorganic electrolyte, the polymer, the organic electrolyte and the lithium salt is 1 (0.05-0.1): 2-3.
  8. 8. The electrolyte membrane layer according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a molar ratio of the repeating unit in the organic electrolyte and lithium ions in the lithium salt in the mixture of the organic electrolyte and the lithium salt is (8-16): 1.
  9. 9. The electrolyte membrane layer according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the electrolyte membrane layer is 50 to 100 micrometers.
  10. 10. A method of producing an electrolyte membrane layer, characterized by comprising: performing first mixing treatment on the inorganic electrolyte and the polymer in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution; subjecting the mixed solution, lithium salt, and the organic electrolyte according to claim 1 or 2, or the organic electrolyte prepared by the method according to any one of claims 3 to 5 to a second mixing treatment to obtain an electrolyte membrane solution; the electrolyte membrane layer solution is formed on a substrate to obtain an electrolyte membrane layer.
  11. 11. A lithium ion solid-state battery comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and the electrolyte membrane layer according to any one of claims 6 to 9, or the electrolyte membrane layer produced by the method according to claim 10, the electrolyte membrane layer being located between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  12. 12. A vehicle comprising the lithium-ion solid-state battery of claim 11.

Description

Organic electrolyte and preparation method thereof, electrolyte membrane layer and preparation method thereof, lithium ion solid-state battery and vehicle Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to an organic electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, an electrolyte membrane layer and a preparation method thereof, a lithium ion solid-state battery and a vehicle. Background Compared with a lithium ion liquid battery, the lithium ion solid battery realizes lithium ion transmission through a solid electrolyte, so the lithium ion solid battery has the advantages of high safety, high energy density, high charging speed, long service life and the like. The PEO polymer is used as a common solid electrolyte, and has flexible molecular chains inside, so that the PEO polymer is well attached to an electrode interface, the interface resistance is small, and particularly, the PEO polymer has excellent compatibility with a lithium metal anode. However, the electrochemical window of PEO polymer is low, the stability of PEO polymer at high voltage is poor, so that PEO polymer is not easily matched to high voltage high gram capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of lithium ion solid state battery is low. Therefore, it is desirable to provide an organic electrolyte with excellent electrochemical stability, which can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode to improve the energy density of a lithium ion solid-state battery. Disclosure of Invention The application provides an organic electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, an electrolyte membrane layer and a preparation method thereof, a lithium ion solid-state battery and a vehicle. Thus, the organic electrolyte has excellent electrochemical stability, so that the organic electrolyte can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of the lithium ion solid-state battery is improved. The technical scheme of the application is as follows: according to a first aspect of the present application there is provided an organic electrolyte comprising a structure of formula I, Wherein R 1、R2、R3 each independently comprises one of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, and R 4 comprises at least one of a sulfonyl-containing group and an epoxy-containing group. For example, n in formula I may have a value in the range 10000-15000. According to the above technical means, the organic electrolyte includes at least one of a sulfonyl group-containing group and an epoxy ether bond-containing group. The sulfonyl and epoxy ether bonds are not easy to oxidize or decompose under higher voltage, and the lithium ion solid-state battery has good stability, so that the electrochemical stability of the organic electrolyte can be improved, and the organic electrolyte has a wider electrochemical window, so that the lithium ion solid-state battery can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of the lithium ion solid-state battery is improved. In addition, since the repeating unit of the organic electrolyte has an ether oxygen bond, lithium ions can be subjected to a complexing decomplexing process with the ether oxygen bond in the organic electrolyte, and the chain segment movement of the organic electrolyte realizes lithium ion migration, so that the organic electrolyte has better ion conductivity. The flexible molecular chain in the organic electrolyte can lead the interface between the organic electrolyte and the electrode to have good bonding effect and smaller interface resistance. In one possible embodiment, the sulfonyl-containing group comprises at least one of the following structures: According to the technical means, the structure has sulfonyl groups, so that the electrochemical stability of the organic electrolyte can be improved, the organic electrolyte can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of the lithium ion solid-state battery is higher. In one possible embodiment, the epoxy ether linkage-containing group comprises at least one of the following structures: According to the technical means, the structure has epoxy ether bonds, so that the electrochemical stability of the organic electrolyte can be improved, the organic electrolyte can be matched with a high-voltage high-gram-capacity positive electrode, and the energy density of the lithium ion solid-state battery is higher. In one possible embodiment, the average molecular weight of the polymer is from 500000g/mol to 700000g/mol. According to the technical means, the average molecular weight of the organic electrolyte is controlled within the range, the organic electrolyte has moderate average molecular weight, and the organic electrolyte has better ion transmission effect and structural stability. According to a second aspect of the present application there is p