CN-119431984-B - Heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat-insulating light-shielding plate has a structure of an organic glass layer, an aerogel layer and an organic glass layer, wherein the aerogel layer is of a sandwich structure, the inside of the heat-insulating light-shielding plate is a first wet gel prepared from tetraethoxysilane, and the outside of the heat-insulating light-shielding plate is a second wet gel prepared from methyltriethoxysilane; methyl methacrylate is coated between the aerogel layer and the organic glass layer. According to the invention, aerogel and organic glass are compounded, so that the problem that the shading plate insulates heat poorly is solved under the condition of not affecting the respective performances, the transmittance can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature, the heat insulation is further assisted, and the composite glass has a wide application prospect.

Inventors

• LI SHAOPING
• LI SHUBING
• XIE XIANZHOU
• GONG XINWEN
• GAN ZHOUQING

Assignees

• 湖北兴瑞硅材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20240926

Claims (9)

1. 1. The preparation method of the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Adding water and an organic solvent into a first silicon source, then adding a catalyst, and performing reaction solidification to obtain wet gel; (2) Adding water and an organic solvent into a second silicon source, heating, adding a catalyst, and reacting to obtain a hydrolysis-gel solution; (3) Immersing the wet gel in a hydrolysis-gel solution to form a gel having a sandwich structure; (4) Immersing the gel with the interlayer into the extract, and heating and drying to obtain aerogel; (5) Coating methyl methacrylate on the surface of the aerogel, coating semi-solidified organic glass on two sides of the aerogel, and curing to obtain the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance; The heat-insulating light-shielding plate is structurally characterized by comprising an organic glass layer, an aerogel layer and an organic glass layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the organic glass layer to the aerogel layer to the organic glass layer is 1:2:1.
2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aerogel layer is a sandwich structure, and the inner part is a first wet gel and the outer part is a second wet gel.
3. 3. The method for preparing the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance according to claim 2, wherein the first wet gel consists of a first silicon source, water, an organic solvent and a catalyst, and the second wet gel consists of silane, water, an organic solvent and a catalyst.
4. 4. The method for preparing the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance according to claim 3, wherein the first silicon source is methyl orthosilicate and/or ethyl orthosilicate, and the second silicon source is methyltriethoxysilane.
5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the first silicon source to the water in the step (1) is 1:0.2-0.4, and the mass ratio of the first silicon source to the organic solvent is 1:1-2.5.
6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the second silicon source to the water in the step (2) is 1:0.3-0.8, and the mass ratio of the second silicon source to the organic solvent is 1:0.8-1.5.
7. 7. The method for preparing the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in the steps (1) and (2) is an alcohol solvent, the catalyst is an acid catalyst and/or an alkaline catalyst, and the extract in the step (4) is absolute ethyl alcohol.
8. 8. The method for preparing the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance according to claim 7, wherein the acidic catalyst is one or more of oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and the alkaline catalyst is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, urea and ammonia water.
9. 9. The method for producing a variable transmittance thermal insulation visor according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate to aerogel in the step (5) is 1:1.

Description

Heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of heat-insulating light-shielding plates, and particularly relates to a heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance and a preparation method thereof. Background The chemical name of the organic glass is polymethyl methacrylate, which is a high molecular compound polymerized by methacrylate, and is divided into four types of colorless transparent, colored transparent, pearlescent and embossed organic glass, commonly known as acrylic, chinese acrylic and ya Ge force. The organic glass has the advantages of better transparency, chemical stability, mechanical property, weather resistance, easy dyeing, easy processing, beautiful appearance and the like, and is widely applied to the field of construction and comprises a light shielding plate, a top plate, lamp decoration and the like. However, the conventional organic glass has poor heat insulation performance when being applied to shading, and if the conventional organic glass has poor heat dissipation performance, the conventional organic glass is relatively stuffy. Aerogel is a nano porous material with wide application prospect, is a light and porous solid material composed of gel network and gas medium, and is the material with the best heat insulation performance so far. The silica aerogel is the most widely applied and mature aerogel material in the aerogel, has low density, low heat conductivity coefficient and high porosity, is a nano porous amorphous solid material with a three-dimensional network structure formed by using a silicon source through a sol-gel method and combining a certain drying mode to replace liquid phase in gel, is the material with the best heat preservation performance so far, and the fine nano network structure effectively limits heat transfer, so that the silica aerogel is widely applied to the field of heat energy heat preservation and heat insulation. Meanwhile, the aerogel has ultrahigh porosity, can be recycled to adsorb a large amount of liquid, and the existence of the liquid can influence the transmittance of the aerogel. However, the aerogel has the problems of large brittleness and fragile property, and the organic glass has the characteristic of poor heat insulation performance, so that the organic glass and the aerogel can be compounded to prepare a new shading material, the strength and toughness of the organic glass and the excellent heat insulation performance of the aerogel are fully utilized to cooperatively enhance the performance of the shading material, and meanwhile, the aerogel has the characteristics of repeatedly adsorbing and releasing liquid and adjusts the self light transmittance, thereby further enhancing the sunlight blocking effect of the shading material. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a light shielding plate which can adjust the transmittance according to the strong condition of sunlight, has good heat insulation effect, and can solve the problems of quick heat dissipation, poor light transmittance and the like in winter. Disclosure of Invention According to the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance and the preparation method thereof, the aerogel with the sandwich structure is prepared, and then the aerogel is compounded with the organic glass to obtain the heat-insulating light-shielding plate of the organic glass-aerogel-organic glass, so that the problems of poor heat insulation, no change of transmittance through the environment and the like of the light-shielding plate are solved under the condition that the respective performances are not influenced, the excellent heat-insulating performance in summer is ensured, and meanwhile, the problems of fast heat dissipation in winter, poor light transmittance and the like are also considered. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the heat-insulating light-shielding plate with variable transmittance, which is structurally characterized in that an organic glass layer, an aerogel layer and an organic glass layer are arranged, and the thickness ratio of the organic glass layer, the aerogel layer and the organic glass layer is 1:2:1. Preferably, the aerogel layer is of a sandwich structure, the inside of the aerogel layer is a first wet gel, the outside of the aerogel layer is a second wet gel, and the thickness of the second wet gel is 1-3mm. Further preferably, the first wet gel is composed of a first silicon source, water, an organic solvent and a catalyst, and the second wet gel is composed of silane, water, an organic solvent and a catalyst. Still more preferably, the first silicon source is methyl orthosilicate and/or ethyl orthosilicate with purity of 80-98% and chloride ion content of less than 100ppm, and the second silicon source is methyltriethoxysilane and/or polymethyltriethoxysilane with purity of more than