CN-119453017-B - Cloud tobacco 87 topping method suitable for low-latitude high-altitude tobacco region

CN119453017BCN 119453017 BCN119453017 BCN 119453017BCN-119453017-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a cloud smoke 87 topping method suitable for a low-latitude high-altitude smoke area. The method comprises the steps of completing tobacco plant transplanting within a period of between 25 days and 5 months and 5 days, and performing classified jointing topping according to different growth vigor (early flowering, poor growth vigor, general growth vigor, better growth vigor and good growth vigor) of the tobacco plants. The method is characterized in that the method of 'threshing without threshing' is adopted for early flowering and topping, the pitch is lengthened by 5 cm, leaves are left for 16 leaves, the plant height after topping is controlled to be 80-85 cm, and 18 leaves, 20 leaves, 22 leaves and 24 leaves are left for long potential difference, general, better and good tobacco plants respectively, and the plant height is controlled to be 90-95 cm, 100-105 cm, 110-115 cm and 120-125 cm. Experiments prove that the method remarkably improves the yield and economic benefit of tobacco leaves, and the mu average yield value and the proportion of superior tobacco are greatly improved, which is superior to the traditional topping method. The method can effectively solve the problems of unreasonable group structure of low latitude and high altitude tobacco areas and low tobacco yield and quality.

Inventors

HUANG ZHANPING
GONG YUANXIANG
HUANG CHUNHUA
WANG HUACHENG
HUANG HEYUE
ZHOU KAIYOU

Assignees

贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20241225

Claims (2)

1. A method for topping cloud tobacco 87 suitable for a low-latitude high-altitude tobacco region, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: transplanting is completed between 25 days of 4 months and 5 days of 5 months; Tobacco plants are divided into five categories of early flowers, long potential differences, general growth vigor, better growth vigor and good growth vigor, and corresponding topping treatment is adopted according to different growth conditions, and the specific method comprises the following steps: 1) The method for topping early flowers comprises the steps of jointing and topping, wherein when the pitch is lengthened by 5cm, the number of leaves is 16, topping is carried out, 3-5cm stalks are left on the leaves at the top end after topping, and the plant height is 80-85cm after topping; 2) The method for topping by long potential difference comprises the steps of jointing topping, when the pitch is lengthened by 5cm, leaving leaves for 18 pieces, topping, leaving stalks of 3-5cm on the leaves at the top end after topping, and enabling the plant height to be 90-95cm after topping; 3) The general topping method of growth vigor is that the node topping is performed, when the pitch is elongated by 5cm and the number of leaves is 20, topping is performed, 3-5cm stalks are left on the leaves at the top end after topping, and the plant height is 100-105cm after topping; 4) The method for topping with better growth vigor comprises the steps of jointing topping, wherein when the pitch is lengthened by 5cm, the number of leaves is 22, topping is carried out, 3-5cm stalks are left on the leaves at the top end after topping, and the plant height is 110-115cm after topping; 5) The method for topping with good growth vigor comprises the steps of jointing topping, wherein when the pitch is lengthened by 6 cm, the number of leaves is 24, topping is carried out, 3-5cm stalks are left on the leaves at the top end after topping, the plant height is 120-125cm after topping, and the method of topping without topping is adopted during topping of early flowers.
2. The method of topping cloud tobacco 87 according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizing requirements of the method are: Applying 60 kg to 65 kg of base fertilizer per mu in the tobacco field with medium fertility; applying 50 kg to 55 kg of base fertilizer per mu in the tobacco field with medium top fertility; The organic fertilizer is used, wherein the commercial organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 70 kg/mu or farmyard manure is 300 kg to 500 kg/mu; 10 kg to 15 kg of potash fertilizer is applied to each mu; the common calcium is applied in an amount of 20 kg per mu; Applying 18 kg of special topdressing per mu; seedling fertilizer is applied in an amount of 2.5 kg per mu.

Description

Cloud tobacco 87 topping method suitable for low-latitude high-altitude tobacco region Technical Field The invention relates to a cloud tobacco 87 topping method suitable for a low-latitude high-altitude tobacco zone, and belongs to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco planting. Background In the flue-cured tobacco cultivation process, a reasonable plant type structure has important significance for improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. The cloud tobacco 87 is used as a high-quality cigarette core raw material, and optimization of the cultivation management technology plays a key role in improving the appearance quality and the sensory quality of tobacco leaves. The water city area belongs to six-disc water city, is located in the western of Guizhou province, is located in the high-altitude area, and belongs to the middle and subtropical monsoon climate area. The climate in the area is characterized by large temperature difference, uneven precipitation distribution and longer frost-free period, but the vertical difference of the climate is obvious due to high topography, so that the tobacco growth environment is complex and changeable. In the current cloud tobacco 87 cultivation practice, the transplanting time is generally controlled between 4 months and 25 days and 5 months and 5 days, and the fertilization aspect is divided into two types of medium fertility and medium upper fertility according to soil fertility, and base fertilizer and organic fertilizer are respectively applied. However, the existing topping methods mainly comprise core topping, bud topping, primary flower topping, full-flower topping and the like, and the methods can form good tobacco plant growth vigor long phases in the normal weather year, but have certain limitations when facing the complex weather conditions and soil environment of low-latitude high-altitude tobacco areas. Specifically, the cloud tobacco 87 tobacco field in the low-latitude high-altitude tobacco region often faces the problem of unreasonable group structure, which is manifested in overgrowth caused by overnutrition of tobacco plants or leaf dysplasia caused by malnutrition. The unreasonable group structure easily causes umbrella-shaped tobacco plants and cone-shaped tobacco plants to generate, thereby affecting the thickness, chemical components and sensory quality of tobacco leaves and reducing the overall quality and market competitiveness of the tobacco leaves. In addition, in the secondary growth process after topping, the conventional topping method is easy to cause further imbalance of the tobacco plant morphology if the fertilization is not properly managed or is influenced by climatic factors, and the difficulty of cultivation management is increased. Therefore, development of a new method for topping cloud tobacco 87 suitable for low-latitude high-altitude tobacco areas is needed, individual and group structures of tobacco plants can be effectively improved, normal unfolding of leaves is promoted, appearance quality and internal quality of tobacco leaves are improved, and yield and economic benefit are increased. The method has important practical significance and application value for solving the bottleneck problem of restricting the sustainable development of low-latitude high-altitude tobacco areas at present and promoting the steady development of the flue-cured tobacco industry. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for topping cloud cigarettes 87 suitable for a low-latitude high-altitude smoke area, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art. The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for topping cloud cigarettes 87 suitable for low-latitude high-altitude smoke areas comprises the following steps: transplanting is completed between 25 days of 4 months and 5 days of 5 months; Tobacco plants are divided into five categories of early flowers, long potential differences, general growth vigor, better growth vigor and good growth vigor, and corresponding topping treatment is adopted according to different growth conditions, and the specific method comprises the following steps: 1) The method for topping early flowers comprises the steps of jointing and topping, wherein when the pitch is lengthened by 5cm, the number of leaves is 16, topping is carried out, 3-5cm stalks are left on the leaves at the top end after topping, and the plant height is 80-85cm after topping; 2) The method for topping by long potential difference comprises the steps of jointing topping, when the pitch is lengthened by 5cm, leaving leaves for 18 pieces, topping, leaving stalks of 3-5cm on the leaves at the top end after topping, and enabling the plant height to be 90-95cm after topping; 3) The general topping method of growth vigor is that the node topping is performed, when the pitch is elongated by 5cm and the number of leaves is 20, topping is performed, 3-5cm stalks are left on the