CN-119522760-B - Full seasonal greenhouse film material and planting device

CN119522760BCN 119522760 BCN119522760 BCN 119522760BCN-119522760-B

Abstract

The invention provides a full-seasonal greenhouse film material and a planting device, and belongs to the technical field of greenhouse devices. The film comprises an infrared spectrum selective layer, a hydrogel layer and a heat insulation layer which are overlapped, wherein the infrared spectrum selective layer is used for emitting infrared radiation to the environment, the infrared radiation emissivity of the infrared spectrum selective layer is in direct proportion to the ambient temperature, the sunlight transmittance of the infrared spectrum selective layer is greater than or equal to 90%, the hydrogel layer is used for transmitting sunlight, the sunlight transmittance of the hydrogel layer is in inverse proportion to the ambient temperature, the infrared radiation transmittance of the hydrogel layer is greater than or equal to 90%, the heat insulation layer is used for insulating heat, the sunlight transmittance of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 90%, and the infrared radiation transmittance of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 90%. According to the invention, through the cooperation of the infrared spectrum selective layer, the hydrogel layer and the heat insulation layer, the automatic regulation and control of the temperature inside the greenhouse are realized, and meanwhile, the heat insulation layer insulates the inside and the outside environment of the greenhouse, so that the energy consumption of the greenhouse is reduced.

Inventors

DU MU
YAO PENG
Huang Maochuo
CHI YULONG
CHEN XIAOYING
WANG HUIJUAN
PU JINHUAN
SUN QIE

Assignees

山东大学深圳研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20241206

Claims (10)

1. The full-seasonal greenhouse film material is characterized by comprising an infrared spectrum selective layer (100), a hydrogel layer (200) and a heat insulation layer (300) which are overlapped; The infrared spectrum selective layer (100) is used for emitting infrared radiation to the environment, the infrared radiation emissivity of the infrared spectrum selective layer (100) is in direct proportion to the environment temperature, the sunlight transmittance of the infrared spectrum selective layer (100) is greater than or equal to 90%, the hydrogel layer (200) is used for transmitting sunlight, the sunlight transmittance of the hydrogel layer (200) is inversely proportional to the environment temperature, the infrared radiation transmittance of the hydrogel layer (200) is greater than or equal to 90%, the heat insulation layer (300) is used for insulating heat, the sunlight transmittance of the heat insulation layer (300) is greater than or equal to 90%, and the infrared radiation transmittance of the heat insulation layer (300) is greater than or equal to 90%.
2. The full-season greenhouse film according to claim 1, wherein the two surfaces of the film are an inner use surface and an outer use surface, respectively, and the infrared spectrum selective layer (100) is disposed adjacent to the inner use surface relative to the heat insulating layer (300).
3. The full season greenhouse film according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogel layer (200) is disposed adjacent the inner use surface relative to the insulation layer (300).
4. A full season greenhouse film according to claim 3, wherein the hydrogel layer (200) is disposed adjacent the inner use surface relative to the ir spectrum selective layer (100).
5. The full-season greenhouse film according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation layer (300) is made of one or more of barium fluoride aerogel, calcium fluoride aerogel, polyethylene aerogel, and zinc sulfide aerogel.
6. The full-season greenhouse film according to claim 5, wherein the thermal insulation layer (300) is made of a material with a volume fraction of between 1% and 10%, a particle diameter of between 10nm and 50nm, and the thermal insulation layer (300) has a thickness of between 0.5mm and 10 mm.
7. The full-season greenhouse film according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogel layer (200) is made of N-isopropyl acrylamide, the volume fraction of the hydrogel layer (200) is between 20% and 30%, the diameter of hydrogel particles in the hydrogel layer (200) is between 0.1 μm and 1 μm, and the thickness of the hydrogel layer (200) is between 0.1mm and 1 mm.
8. The full-season greenhouse film according to claim 1, wherein the infrared spectrum selective layer (100) comprises a substrate and a metal nano-coating, wherein the substrate is made of one or more of thermoplastic polyester polymer, polycarbonate polymer, polydimethylsiloxane polymer or polymethyl methacrylate polymer.
9. The full season greenhouse film according to claim 1, further comprising a protective layer (400), the protective layer (400) being outboard with respect to the infrared spectrum selective layer (100), the hydrogel layer (200), and the insulation layer (300).
10. A full seasonal greenhouse planting device, comprising a greenhouse film according to any of claims 1-9.

Description

Full seasonal greenhouse film material and planting device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse devices, and particularly relates to a full-seasonal greenhouse film material and a planting device. Background Greenhouse planting is an agricultural technique that utilizes an artificially constructed transparent or translucent structure to simulate a natural environment to realize control of plant growth conditions. Greenhouse planting generally requires long-term energy support, and solar energy is generally utilized to realize energy conservation. However, the existing greenhouse planting device utilizing solar energy can only realize the screening and application of solar energy in a certain time period or in a certain season, cannot adapt to seasonal changes throughout the year, and cannot realize full-seasonal energy conservation. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a full-seasonal greenhouse film material and a planting device, which solve the technical problems in the prior art. The application is realized in the following way: According to the first aspect, the embodiment of the application provides a full-seasonal greenhouse film material, which comprises an infrared spectrum selective layer, a hydrogel layer and a heat insulation layer which are overlapped, wherein the infrared spectrum selective layer is used for emitting infrared radiation to the environment, the infrared radiation emissivity of the infrared spectrum selective layer is in direct proportion to the ambient temperature, the sunlight transmittance of the infrared spectrum selective layer is greater than or equal to 90%, the hydrogel layer is used for transmitting sunlight, the sunlight transmittance of the hydrogel layer is in inverse proportion to the ambient temperature, the infrared radiation transmittance of the hydrogel layer is greater than or equal to 90%, the heat insulation layer is used for insulating heat, the sunlight transmittance of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 90%, and the infrared radiation transmittance of the heat insulation layer is greater than or equal to 90%. In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a greenhouse planting device that is all seasonal, including the greenhouse film material provided in the embodiment of the first aspect. The technical scheme adopted by the application can achieve the following beneficial effects: According to the application, the infrared spectrum selective layer is matched with the hydrogel layer, so that the film material can adaptively adjust the infrared radiation emissivity and the sunlight transmittance according to the change of the ambient temperature, thereby adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse and reducing the energy consumption. When the ambient temperature is increased, the infrared radiation emissivity of the infrared spectrum selective layer is reduced to reduce the infrared radiation refrigeration effect, the solar light transmittance of the hydrogel layer is reduced to reduce the solar energy absorption in the greenhouse, so that the greenhouse can be automatically cooled under the condition of increasing the ambient temperature, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the greenhouse, heat transfer between the interior of the greenhouse and the exterior of the greenhouse can be isolated, the cooling energy loss is reduced under the condition of higher ambient temperature, the heat energy loss is reduced under the condition of lower ambient temperature, and the energy consumption of the greenhouse is further reduced, and the heat insulation layer has high sunlight transmittance and high infrared radiation transmittance, so that the infrared radiation and the solar light can smoothly pass through the heat insulation layer. Drawings In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the embodiments of the present invention or the drawings used in the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a membrane material according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a membrane material; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram III of a membrane material according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a membrane material according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a membrane according to some embodiments of the present application; FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in solar transmittance and infrared radiation transmittance of