CN-119525470-B - Manufacturing system, method and application of casting piece embedded with fiber bragg grating sensor

CN119525470BCN 119525470 BCN119525470 BCN 119525470BCN-119525470-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing system, a manufacturing method and application of a casting piece embedded with a fiber grating sensor, and relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, wherein the system comprises the casting piece embedded with the fiber grating sensor, which is obtained through a pouring process, and is used for sensing internal strain, temperature and vibration signals of the casting piece through the fiber grating sensor and converting the internal strain, temperature and vibration signals into optical signals; the system comprises a casting part embedded with a fiber grating sensor, a laser emission device used for emitting laser to the casting part embedded with the fiber grating sensor, a signal processing module electrically connected with the fiber grating sensor and used for receiving and processing the optical signal and converting the optical signal into internal strain, temperature and vibration data, and a data analysis module used for receiving the internal strain, temperature and vibration data transmitted by the signal processing module in real time so as to analyze the structural health state of the casting part embedded with the fiber grating sensor. The fiber bragg grating sensor is directly embedded into the casting part, so that the fiber bragg grating sensor can accurately monitor the structural parameters of the casting part in real time.

Inventors

ZHANG MAO
YI CHUANYUN
WANG TINGYU
ZHAO ZHIYONG
WANG XINYUN
JIN JUNSONG
DENG LEI
GONG PAN
TANG XUEFENG

Assignees

华中科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241205

Claims (9)

1. A system for manufacturing a cast member embedded in a fiber grating sensor, comprising: the die consists of a movable die and a fixed die, and a fixing piece for fixing the capillary is arranged above the fixed die; The fixed die and the movable die are correspondingly provided with concave runners at the same positions, and the concave runners are used for enabling injected molten metal to flow from the lower part to the upper part of the fiber grating sensor through the concave runners until filling up the cavity where the filter is positioned; the capillary penetrates into one side of the concave runner, is used for penetrating the fiber bragg grating sensor and guiding the fiber bragg grating sensor to a correct position in the fixed die; the capillary tube is divided into an upper section and a lower section, so that the upper part and the lower part of the fiber bragg grating sensor are both positioned in the capillary tube, and the middle part of the fiber bragg grating sensor is exposed; The casting device is characterized in that a pouring gate is arranged above the die, a filter is arranged below the pouring gate, the pouring gate is communicated with the bottom runner of the concave runner and is used for injecting molten metal into a cavity of the die through the pouring gate, after the molten metal is completely solidified, the movable die is removed, and a cast piece which is cast and embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor is taken out from the fixed die.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the capillary tube is an aluminum alloy capillary tube having an inner diameter slightly larger than a diameter of the fiber bragg grating sensor.
3. The system for manufacturing a casting with embedded fiber bragg grating sensors according to claim 1, wherein the stationary mold comprises at least two capillaries, and the casting is a metal member.
4. A method for manufacturing a casting member embedded with a fiber bragg grating sensor, applied to the manufacturing system of the casting member embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: s1, respectively mounting two capillaries with one ends fixed by a fixing piece at the upper and lower positions of a fixed die; s2, assembling the movable die and the fixed die together to form a cavity for limiting the fiber bragg grating sensor; s3, sending the fiber grating sensor into a capillary tube, so that the upper part and the lower part of the fiber grating sensor are protected in the capillary tube; s4, preheating the fixed die; S5, pouring the molten metal through a pouring gate on the fixed die to enable the molten metal to be poured into a cavity of the fixed die, enabling the molten metal to flow and wrap the middle part of the fiber bragg grating sensor when the fixed die is filled, enabling the fiber bragg grating sensor to be embedded into a casting piece in the cooling and solidifying processes of the molten metal, removing the movable die after the metal is completely solidified, and taking out the casting piece which is cast and embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor from the fixed die.
5. The method for manufacturing the casting with the embedded fiber bragg grating sensor according to claim 4, wherein the step S4 of preheating the fixed die comprises the step of enabling the preheating temperature to reach 300-600 ℃ before pouring.
6. An intelligent monitoring system for a cast member embedded with a fiber grating sensor manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 4 to 5, comprising: The casting piece is embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor and is used for sensing internal strain, temperature and vibration signals of the casting piece through the fiber bragg grating sensor and converting the internal strain, temperature and vibration signals into optical signals; The laser emission device is used for sending pulse signals to the fiber bragg grating sensor embedded in the casting piece; the signal processing module is electrically connected with the fiber bragg grating sensor and is used for receiving and processing the optical signals and converting the optical signals into internal strain, temperature and vibration data; and the data analysis module is used for receiving the internal strain, temperature and vibration data transmitted by the signal processing module in real time to analyze the structural health state of the casting piece embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor.
7. The intelligent monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the signal processing module comprises a demodulation device, a filter and an amplifier, the filter is used for filtering the optical signal transmitted by the fiber grating sensor, the amplifier is used for amplifying the filtered signal, and the demodulation device is used for demodulating the amplified signal so as to extract internal strain, temperature and vibration data.
8. The intelligent monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the data analysis module comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and an alarm unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is used for collecting internal stress, temperature and vibration data from the signal processing module in real time and transmitting the data to the data processing unit, the data processing unit is used for analyzing and modeling according to the collected data to obtain stress distribution, vibration characteristics and temperature information of the interior of the casting embedded with the fiber bragg grating sensor, and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when abnormal stress, temperature or vibration signals are monitored.
9. The intelligent monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the alarm unit is configured to trigger an alarm and mark an abnormal location when an abnormal stress or vibration signal exceeds a set threshold.

Description

Manufacturing system, method and application of casting piece embedded with fiber bragg grating sensor Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a manufacturing system, a manufacturing method and application of a casting piece embedded with a fiber bragg grating sensor. Background The structural health monitoring technology is an advanced technology for acquiring structural health state information in real time by integrating a sensing element in a component. The technical core idea is to directly embed advanced sensing and driving elements into the monitored structure by adopting a new concept of an intelligent material structure so as to acquire important information related to the health state of the structure, including stress, strain, temperature and the like, on line and in real time. By combining an advanced signal processing method and a material structure mechanics modeling technology, characteristic parameters related to structural damage can be extracted, and then the health state and potential damage condition of the structure can be identified. The technology has important significance in the aspects of self-diagnosis, self-repair and safety guarantee of engineering structures, and can effectively monitor the health of the structures and prolong the service lives of the structures. The optical fiber sensing technology has been widely used in the fields of strain measurement, vibration monitoring and the like because of the characteristics of high sensitivity, electromagnetic interference resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. Fiber optic sensors are capable of operating in extreme environments and are therefore particularly widely used in complex structures. Currently, fiber sensing technology is mainly implemented by bragg grating (FBG) sensors, which are capable of sensing structural stresses and strains by monitoring wavelength changes of light waves in an optical fiber. However, the conventional optical fiber sensor is mainly mounted by surface adhesion or external fixation, and the method is simple and convenient, but is easily interfered by factors such as mechanical damage, temperature change and the like of the external environment, so that the measurement accuracy and stability of the sensor are reduced. In particular in dynamically complex environments, such mounting does not ensure a reliable monitoring effect over a long period of time. In addition, in the aspect of measuring the strain in the structure, the development of the optical fiber sensor embedding technology is relatively lagged, and the main reason is that the optical fiber sensor is embedded in the material to damage the sensor, so that the performance of the sensor is affected. The embedding technique by the laser remelting technique can cause thermal damage to the optical fiber and interface damage due to the thermal effect of the laser heat source. In addition, embedding technologies such as ultrasonic additive manufacturing and the like cannot ensure good adhesion between the optical fiber and the structural material, so that the sensing capability of the sensor for strain and vibration is insufficient, and the sensitivity and reliability of measurement are affected. Thus, there is a need for a solution that enables non-destructive, accurate monitoring of components. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a manufacturing system, a manufacturing method and an application of a casting piece embedded with a fiber grating sensor, and the fiber grating sensor is directly embedded into the casting piece, so that the influence of the external environment on the sensor measurement is effectively avoided, and the fiber grating sensor can accurately monitor structural parameters such as strain, vibration and the like in the casting piece in real time. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: a system for manufacturing a cast part embedded in a fiber grating sensor, comprising: the die consists of a movable die and a fixed die, and a fixing piece for fixing the capillary is arranged above the fixed die; the fixed die and the same position in the fixed die are correspondingly provided with concave runners, and the concave runners are used for enabling injected molten metal to flow from the lower part to the upper part of the fiber grating sensor through the concave runners until the cavity where the filter is filled; the capillary penetrates into one side of the concave runner, is used for penetrating the fiber bragg grating sensor and guiding the fiber bragg grating sensor to a correct position in the fixed die; the capillary tube is divided into an upper section and a lower section, so that the upper part and the lower part of the fiber bragg grating sensor are both positioned in the capillary tube, and the middle part of the fiber bragg grating sensor is exposed; And a pouring gate