CN-119551819-B - Ecological restoration method for slow-flow river channel

CN119551819BCN 119551819 BCN119551819 BCN 119551819BCN-119551819-B

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a slow-flow river channel, and relates to the technical field of river restoration. The method comprises the following steps of 1) preparing an ecological restoration carrier, 2) measuring the ecology suitability of river bottom sludge, 3) dividing river channels and 4) restoring the ecology of the river channels. Aiming at the different survival rates of aquatic plants in the moderate and slight pollution slow-flow river, the method divides the aquatic plants into different areas, and uses different ecological management schemes in a targeted manner. The survival rate of the submerged plant seedlings in the treated slow-flow river reach is obviously improved, and about 60% of the area of the river bed is covered by the submerged plant.

Inventors

LIANG JUPING
WU ZIYI
Mu Guizhen
YU GUO
LIANG BO
YUAN MENGYUAN

Assignees

生态环境部珠江流域南海海域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20241220

Claims (4)

1. The ecological restoration method for the slow-flow river is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) Preparing an ecological restoration vector: taking water bottom silt from a clean water body, wrapping the water bottom silt into a spherical carrier by using degradable non-woven fabrics, uniformly punching holes on a hemispherical surface, and planting submerged plant seedlings to prepare an ecological restoration carrier; 2) Measuring the ecological fitness of river bottom sludge: putting the ecological restoration carriers into a river channel, and putting 5-10 ecological restoration carriers at intervals of 10m along the vertical direction of the center line of the river channel, wherein the growth condition of aquatic plants is counted after 7 days; 3) Dividing a river channel; partitioning the river channel by taking the survival rate SR statistical result of the submerged plant seedlings as a benchmark, taking the putting point of the ecological restoration carrier as the midpoint of the partition, and the width is 10m: S1, a shoreline reaches a putting point with the SR less than or equal to 25% at one side close to the river bank; S2, 25% < SR less than or equal to 50% of the feeding point; S3, 50% < SR drop point; s4, putting points with SR less than or equal to 25% on one side close to the center line of the river channel; 4) Ecological restoration of river channels: Building a spur dike in the S1 area, uniformly putting a silt covering material in a spur dike interval, and then putting an ecological restoration carrier; Putting ecological restoration carriers in the S2 area; directly throwing submerged plant seedlings in the S3 area; Step 4) the components of the silt covering material are calculated according to parts by weight: 50 parts of activated carbon sludge, 10 parts of zeolite and 5 parts of calcium peroxide; the throwing thickness of the silt covering material is 10-20cm; The putting density of the ecological restoration vector in the step 4) is 5/m 2 ; the direct throwing density of the submerged plant seedlings is 50-100 plants/m 2 .
2. The slow-flow riverway ecological restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the spherical carrier is 8-12cm, and the planting number of the submerged seedlings is 8-10 plants.
3. The slow-flow river ecological restoration method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the ecological restoration carrier is bound with a fish line before being put in, and the fish line is connected with a floating ball for positioning on the water surface.
4. The slow-flow riverway ecological restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the submerged young plants are: any one or more of herba Sophorae Alopecuroidis, sargassum horneri, sargassum gracile and Sargassum armpit.

Description

Ecological restoration method for slow-flow river channel Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of river restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for a slow-flow river channel. Background The river channel is a comprehensive complex ecological system covering land, animal and plant communities and water bodies, and has the key functions of regulating water flow, storing water quantity, purifying water quality to remove harmful substances and providing habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The vegetation features are significantly different from the two-shore zones, and exhibit a high degree of species diversity. Specifically, in a river course with a gentle flow rate, sludge pollution mainly originates from pollutant deposition in a water body, and due to the difference of flow rates, the concentration of the sediment gradually increases from the center of the river course to the two sides, and the sediment has the distribution characteristics of low center and high sides. The engineering dredging method adopted at present is not suitable for the river course with moderate and slight pollution, has high cost, and also seriously interferes with the natural ecological function of the river course, so that the ecological environment of the river course tends to be single, aquatic vegetation is lost, surrounding ecological chains are broken, the biodiversity is reduced, and the self-purifying capacity of the river course is weakened. As one of core technologies of ecological restoration engineering, the planting and restoring technology of submerged plants has remarkable effects on the treatment, regulation and inhibition of water eutrophication of water and sediment pollution. The submerged plant performs frequent substance and energy exchange with the environment by virtue of huge biomass, so that a natural purification system with wide environment capacity and strong intensity is constructed. The plants can live in water in the whole life cycle, the roots, stems and leaves of the plants can effectively absorb nutrients in the water, and the growth process is a process of continuously absorbing the nutrients in the water. In addition, microorganisms attached to the rhizosphere of submerged plants can degrade organic pollutants, so that water quality is continuously improved and ecological restoration of bottom mud is promoted. Therefore, providing a method for restoring the ecology of moderate and light polluted slow-flow river by using submerged plants is a problem to be solved by the technicians in the field. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a slow-flow river ecological restoration method. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ecological restoration method for a slow-flow river comprises the following steps: 1) Preparing an ecological restoration vector: taking water bottom silt from a clean water body, wrapping the water bottom silt into a spherical carrier by using degradable non-woven fabrics, uniformly punching holes on a hemispherical surface, and planting submerged plant seedlings to prepare an ecological restoration carrier; 2) Measuring the ecological fitness of river bottom sludge: putting the ecological restoration carriers into a river channel, and putting 5-10 ecological restoration carriers at intervals of 10m along the vertical direction of the center line of the river channel, wherein the growth condition of aquatic plants is counted after 7 days; 3) Dividing a river channel; Dividing the river channel by taking the statistical result of the survival rate SR of the aquatic plants as a benchmark, taking the putting point of the ecological restoration carrier as the midpoint of the division, and the width is 10m: S1, a shoreline reaches a putting point with the SR less than or equal to 25% at one side close to the river bank; S2, 25% < SR less than or equal to 50% of the feeding point; S3, 50% < SR drop point; s4, putting points with SR less than or equal to 25% on one side close to the center line of the river channel; 4) Ecological restoration of river channels: Uniformly putting a silt covering material in the S1 area, and then putting an ecological restoration carrier; Putting ecological restoration carriers in the S2 area; and S3, directly throwing the submerged plant seedlings in the area. Further, the diameter of the spherical carrier is 8-12cm, and the planting number of the submerged seedlings is 8-10. Furthermore, step 2) the ecological restoration carrier is bound with fish wires before being put in, and the fish wires are connected with a floating ball to be used for positioning on the water surface. Further, the submerged plant seedlings are: any one or more of herba Sonchi Oleracei, sargassum gracile and Sargassum fusiforme. Further, the step 4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of activated carbon