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CN-119589290-B - Large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device and method

CN119589290BCN 119589290 BCN119589290 BCN 119589290BCN-119589290-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device which comprises an electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism and an electric field auxiliary micro-die forming mechanism, wherein the electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, a feeding mechanism, a rough roll, a finish roll and a discharging mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction, the electric field auxiliary micro-die forming mechanism comprises a die pressing mechanism and pressure equipment positioned above the die pressing mechanism, the die pressing mechanism comprises a male die and a blank groove arranged below the male die, and a plurality of microstructures are arranged at the bottom end of the male die. The forming device provided by the invention adopts the rough roll, the finish roll and the pulse power supply which are arranged by the electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism, so that the material surface is subjected to roll forming twice under the heating condition to obtain a basic structure, and then the material is subjected to multistage complicated microstructure forming by the male die, so that the forming device is suitable for the technical fields of mechanical processing and plastic micro-forming.

Inventors

  • BAO JIANXING
  • ZHAO HENGZHANG
  • LIU MENGMENG
  • LI WEI
  • Zang Mengchao

Assignees

  • 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20241209

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The multi-stage complex microstructure composite forming method for the large-area surface is characterized by comprising an electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism and an electric field auxiliary micro-die forming mechanism, wherein the electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism comprises a pulse power supply (1), a feeding mechanism (2), a rough roll, a finishing roll and a discharging mechanism (3) which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction, the electric field auxiliary micro-die forming mechanism comprises a die pressing mechanism and pressure equipment positioned above the die pressing mechanism, the die pressing mechanism comprises a male die (4) and a blank groove (5) arranged below the male die (4), and a plurality of microstructures are formed at the bottom end of the male die (4); Firstly, preprocessing a slope at the front end of a blank (11) to be formed, then placing the blank on a feeding mechanism (2), adjusting the roll gap between a rough roll and a finish roll, starting the feeding mechanism (2), the rough roll and the finish roll, penetrating the front end of the blank (11) to be formed into the rough roll and the finish roll, ensuring that the rough roll and the finish roll are in close contact with the blank (11) to be formed simultaneously, and forming an electrified loop, wherein the roll gap between the finish roll is 1.01-1.15 times of the roll gap between the rough roll and the finish roll; Heating the blank (11) to be formed, which forms the power-on loop in the first step, by using a pulse power supply (1), and performing roll forming on the base structure after the temperature reaches the roll forming temperature to obtain a blank (12), and turning off the pulse power supply (1); Thirdly, cutting edges of the blank (12) obtained in the second step, and then placing the cut edges into a blank groove (5), and controlling a pressure device to move downwards to drive a male die (4) to move downwards, so that the male die (4) and the blank groove (5) compress the blank (12); And fourthly, heating the blank (12) pressed by the male die (4) in the third step by using the pulse power supply (1), preserving heat after reaching the compression molding temperature, continuing to downwards apply acting force to the blank (12) by the male die (4) to enable the blank (12) to carry out graded compression molding deformation, closing the pulse power supply (1) after the compression molding is finished, and obtaining the part after cooling, wherein the graded compression molding deformation is to divide a multistage complex microstructure into a plurality of stage areas, carrying out multiple compression molding deformation by replacing the male die (4) with the corresponding microstructure at the bottom end, and the compression molding area of the male die at the next stage comprises a previous stage area so as to carry out back compression on the microstructure formed at the previous stage.
  2. 2. The large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming method according to claim 1, wherein the rough roll consists of an upper rough roll (6) and a lower rough roll (7), the finishing roll consists of an upper finishing roll (8) and a lower finishing roll (9), the pulse power supply (1) is connected with the upper rough roll (6) and the lower finishing roll (9) through wires (13), a plurality of first structures (6-1) are arranged on the rolling surface of the upper rough roll (6), and a plurality of second structures (8-1) are arranged on the rolling surface of the upper finishing roll (8).
  3. 3. A method of composite forming of large area surface multi-level complex microstructures according to claim 2 wherein the second structures (8-1) have a higher surface roughness than the first structures (6-1).
  4. 4. The large-area surface multi-stage complex microstructure composite forming method according to claim 1 is characterized in that an upper insulating plate (4-1) is connected to the top end of a male die (4), an upper die plate (4-2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the upper insulating plate (4-1), guide posts (10) are connected to two sides of the upper die plate (4-2) through guide sleeves (10-1), a punch (4-3) is arranged on the upper die plate (4-2), pressure equipment is arranged at the top end of the punch (4-3), a base plate (5-1) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a blank groove (5), a lower insulating plate (5-2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base plate (5-1), a lower die plate (5-3) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lower die plate (5-3) through the guide sleeves (10-1), and the base plate (5-1) and the male die (4) are connected to a pulse power supply (1) through guide wires (13).
  5. 5. The large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming method of claim 1, wherein limit posts (4-4) are arranged in the male die (4), and bottoms of the limit posts (4-4) protrude out of the bottom surface of the male die (4).
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blank (11) to be formed in the first step is made of one of magnesium and magnesium alloy, titanium and titanium alloy, nickel-based superalloy, refractory alloy, high-entropy alloy and steel.
  7. 7. The method for compositely forming the large-area surface multi-stage complex microstructure is characterized in that in the second step, the pulse parameters of heating by the pulse power supply (1) are 100-3000 Hz and 50A/mm 2 ~300A/mm 2 of current density, and the rolling forming temperature is 50-400 ℃.
  8. 8. The method for compositely forming the large-area surface multi-stage complex microstructure is characterized in that in the fourth step, pulse parameters of heating of the pulse power supply (1) are 100-1000 Hz, 50A/mm 2 ~500A/mm 2 of current density, the compression molding temperature is 100-700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-10 min.

Description

Large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of machining and plastic micro-forming, and particularly relates to a large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device and method. Background The vapor chamber technology is a heat dissipation technology developed based on a vacuum chamber vapor chamber heat dissipation technology, and is also called a flat heat pipe. The whole thickness of the miniature steam cavity is generally smaller than 2mm, the heat transfer area of the miniature steam cavity and a heating element is remarkably increased, the heat transfer capability of a heat pipe can be better exerted, and the miniature steam cavity has great application potential in the field of heat dissipation of space satellite high-density electronic devices. The miniature steam cavity in the space environment is mainly made of aluminum, nickel, titanium, alloy thereof and other materials, wherein the capillary structure liquid suction core processing method is mainly etching, micro electric spark, micro mechanical processing and the like. These micro-machining techniques have limitations in terms of machining efficiency, machinable materials, kinds of parts, and the like to different extents, and it is difficult to satisfy the capillary structure manufacturing requirements. The plastic micro-forming is a micro-manufacturing technology for forming micro-components by adopting a plastic deformation method, and has the characteristics of simple process, high efficiency, good repeatability, high part precision, good mechanical property and the like, wherein the surface microstructure plastic forming technology mainly comprises a micro-molding technology and a micro-rolling technology is an important processing method for a large-area surface microstructure. The Chinese patent invention discloses a large-area array microstructure trans-scale compression molding device and method (bulletin No. CN 114260351B) which effectively solve the technical problems that a large-area multi-scale array microstructure is difficult to fill blanks and difficult to exhaust in the compression molding process. Chinese patent invention (bulletin No. CN 114192797B) discloses a micro-channel plate with dual-performance and a composite forming process and equipment thereof, wherein the micro-channel structure is obtained by carrying out micro-roll forming on a composite plate blank with the assistance of pulse current. Chinese patent application No. CN110125216B discloses a longitudinal roll forming device and a longitudinal roll forming method for a fuel cell metal polar plate runner, which are characterized in that a preformed linear runner and a secondary U-shaped runner are adopted, so that the runner depth is increased, cracking is avoided, and rebound is reduced. However, the foregoing micro-molding and micro-roll forming is mainly aimed at some easily deformable materials with simple structures, and along with the continuous reduction of the feature size of the capillary structure of the vapor cavity, the scale range is continuously expanded, the variety of materials is increasingly increased, and it is difficult to manufacture a large-area surface microstructure meeting the scale and precision requirements by the micro-roll and micro-molding technology that simply relies on a mold to apply a force field and a heat source to provide a heat field. Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus for efficient fabrication of large area surface multilevel complex microstructures for difficult to deform materials. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device. According to the forming device, the electric field is adopted to assist the rough roll, the finish roll and the pulse power supply which are arranged in the micro-roll forming mechanism, so that the surface of the material is subjected to roll forming twice under the heating condition to obtain a basic structure, and then the male die is combined with the pulse power supply to perform microstructure forming on the material with the basic structure, and the problem that the prior art is difficult to manufacture a large-area microstructure meeting the dimension and the precision on the surface of the material difficult to deform is solved. The technical scheme is that the large-area surface multistage complex microstructure composite forming device is characterized by comprising an electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism and an electric field auxiliary micro-die forming mechanism, wherein the electric field auxiliary micro-roll forming mechanism comprises a pulse power supply, a feeding mechanism, a rough roll, a finishing roll and a discharging mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction,