CN-119618558-B - Two-phase flow research test equipment for fuel cell and control method thereof

CN119618558BCN 119618558 BCN119618558 BCN 119618558BCN-119618558-B

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell two-phase flow research test device and a control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fluid dynamics experiments. The equipment includes fuel cell simulation experiment device, heating device and data acquisition subassembly, fuel cell simulation experiment device is including the metal level that sets gradually, runner layer and transparent layer, the metal level sets up the aqua storage tank, the runner layer sets up fluid passage, one side that fluid passage and metal level contacted is provided with the through-hole, the water that the cathode of fuel cell generated can be simulated to the metal level, water in the aqua storage tank gets into fluid passage through the through-hole, the convenience is observed the water two-phase flow, the transparent layer is provided with fluid detection passageway, data acquisition subassembly sets up at fluid detection passageway, gather the medium monitoring data in the fluid passageway, medium in the heating device heating fuel cell simulation experiment device provides the same boiling point temperature domain with fuel cell for simulation experiment device. The application can reduce the data acquisition difficulty of the two-phase flow of the fuel cell.

Inventors

LIU ZHIEN
Guo Yuduo
LI CHENYU
ZHANG PEI
LU CHIHUA
LI YONGCHAO

Assignees

武汉理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20241129

Claims (4)

1. The two-phase flow research test equipment of the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a fuel cell simulation test device, a heating device and a data acquisition assembly; The fuel cell simulation experiment device comprises a metal layer, a runner layer and a transparent layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the metal layer is provided with a water storage tank and a water storage sealing groove, the water storage sealing groove is arranged on the periphery of the water storage tank, a fluid channel and the runner sealing groove are arranged on the runner layer, the runner sealing groove is arranged on the periphery of the fluid channel, one side of the fluid channel, which is contacted with the metal layer, is provided with a through hole, the through hole is used for simulating a microporous layer of a fuel cell in a proton exchange membrane, the metal layer is used for simulating a water production process of a cathode of the fuel cell, water in the water storage tank enters the fluid channel through the through hole, the transparent layer is provided with a fluid detection channel, the fluid detection channel is provided with a data acquisition assembly, and the data acquisition assembly is used for acquiring medium monitoring data in the fluid channel; The heating device is used for heating the medium in the fuel cell simulation experiment device and providing the same water boiling point temperature range as the fuel cell for the fuel cell simulation experiment device, and the medium in the fuel cell simulation experiment device comprises water and gas; The fuel cell simulation experiment device also comprises a runner sealing gasket and a water storage tank sealing gasket, wherein the runner sealing gasket is arranged between the transparent layer and the runner layer, the water storage tank sealing gasket is arranged between the runner layer and the metal layer, the runner sealing gasket is matched with the runner sealing groove, and the size of the water storage tank sealing gasket is the same as that of the water storage tank sealing groove; The fuel cell two-phase flow research test equipment further comprises an air supply device and a liquid supply device, wherein the air supply device comprises an air pump, an air filter, an air supply pipeline and a mass flowmeter, one end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air pump, the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with an inlet of the fluid channel, the mass flowmeter is arranged on the air supply pipeline, the air filter is arranged at the air inlet end of the air pump, the liquid supply device comprises a liquid injection pump and a liquid supply pipeline, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the liquid injection pump, and the other end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with a water storage tank of the metal layer; The heating device comprises an incubator, wherein a heating pipe and a temperature sensor are arranged in the incubator, the fuel cell simulation experiment device is arranged in the incubator, the heating device further comprises a gas heater and a reaction kettle, the gas heater is arranged on the gas supply pipeline, and the reaction kettle is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline; The transparent layer is provided with a fluid inlet channel, a fluid outlet channel and a plurality of fluid detection channels which are perpendicular to the plane where the fluid channel is located, the fluid inlet channel and the fluid outlet channel are respectively distributed at the diagonal positions of the transparent layer, the fluid inlet channel forms an inlet of the fluid channel, and the fluid outlet channel forms an outlet of the fluid channel; The data acquisition assembly comprises a differential pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in a water storage tank of the metal layer, two sensing ends of the differential pressure sensor are connected with two fluid detection channels through pipelines, and the pressure sensors are arranged in the fluid detection channels; The data acquisition assembly further includes a camera disposed at a photographing angle toward the transparent layer.
2. The fuel cell two-phase flow research and testing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a fluid drain line having one end connected to the outlet of the fluid channel and another end connected to a water storage tank.
3. The fuel cell two-phase flow research and testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the fluid channels are zigzagged.
4. A control method of a fuel cell two-phase flow research test apparatus, characterized by being applied to the fuel cell two-phase flow research test apparatus as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: Filling liquid water into the liquid injection pump, the reaction kettle, the water storage tank of the metal layer and the liquid supply pipeline, and filling air into the air supply pipeline, the gas heater and the fluid channel; controlling and starting the incubator and adjusting the incubator to a preheating temperature value; Closing an inlet valve and an outlet valve of the reaction kettle, setting the temperature and the stirring rotating speed, and heating liquid water in the reaction kettle; Setting the temperature of a gas heater for preheating; According to the preset air flow, switching on an air pump power supply to enable air to enter an air supply pipeline; Judging whether the water storage tank and the fluid channel stabilize a preset working condition environment according to the numerical change conditions of the temperature sensor of the water storage tank and the differential pressure sensor of the fluid channel; When the water storage tank and the fluid channel are stable in a preset working condition environment, the air flow is regulated, and the liquid water in the fluid channel is purged cleanly and then regulated to the mass flow required by the experiment; Opening the inlet and outlet valves of the reaction kettle, setting the injection speed of the liquid injection pump, injecting liquid water, and collecting experimental data through the differential pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the high-speed camera.

Description

Two-phase flow research test equipment for fuel cell and control method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of fluid dynamics tests, in particular to a fuel cell two-phase flow research test device and a control method thereof. Background With increasing demands for energy and increasing importance for environmental protection, fuel cells directly convert chemical energy into electric energy through electrochemical reactions, and fuel cells have received wide attention as efficient and clean energy conversion devices. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the water boiling point temperature range has high operation temperature, high reaction activity and capacity of promoting electrochemical reaction. However, the water management of such fuel cells is extremely important, on the one hand, the high temperature can exacerbate the evaporation of liquid water, possibly causing drying phenomena in the membrane electrode assembly, which can affect proton conductivity, and on the other hand, if the produced and discharged water is unbalanced, flooding problems can be caused, which can hinder the diffusion of gas in the electrode. Based on this, it is necessary to study the two-phase flow of the fuel cell in the water boiling temperature range, and the design of the fuel cell can be optimized based on the study data of the two-phase flow of the fuel cell in the water boiling temperature range. The two-phase flow research method in the related art mainly relies on in-situ visualization, namely, directly observing and data collecting the flow field under the actual working and running conditions of the fuel cell. However, the method has great difficulty in exploring the two-phase flow of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell at high temperature and high pressure and has difficult data acquisition. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application mainly aims at providing a fuel cell two-phase flow research test device and a control method thereof, and aims to provide a device for simulating the operation environment of a fuel cell and reduce the data acquisition difficulty of the two-phase flow of the fuel cell. In order to achieve the above purpose, an aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a two-phase flow research test device for a fuel cell, including a fuel cell simulation experiment device, a heating device, and a data acquisition assembly; the fuel cell simulation experiment device comprises a metal layer, a runner layer and a transparent layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the metal layer is provided with a water storage tank, a fluid channel is arranged on the runner layer, a through hole is formed in one side, which is contacted with the metal layer, of the fluid channel, the transparent layer is provided with at least one fluid detection channel, the fluid detection channel is provided with a data acquisition component, and the data acquisition component is used for acquiring medium monitoring data in the fluid channel; the heating device is used for heating the medium in the fuel cell simulation experiment device, and the medium in the fuel cell simulation experiment device comprises water and gas. In some embodiments, the heating device comprises an incubator, a heating pipe and a temperature sensor are arranged in the incubator, and the fuel cell simulation experiment device is arranged in the incubator. In some embodiments, the fuel cell two-phase flow research test apparatus further comprises an air supply device comprising an air pump, an air filter, an air supply pipeline and a mass flow meter, wherein one end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air pump, the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the fluid channel, the mass flow meter is arranged on the air supply pipeline, and the air filter is arranged at the air inlet end of the air pump. In some embodiments, the fuel cell two-phase flow research test apparatus further comprises a liquid supply device comprising a liquid injection pump and a liquid supply pipeline, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated to the liquid injection pump, and the other end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated to the water storage tank of the metal layer. In some embodiments, the heating device further comprises a gas heater disposed on the gas supply line and a reaction vessel disposed on the liquid supply line. In some embodiments, the fuel cell two-phase flow research test apparatus further comprises a fluid discharge line having one end connected to the outlet of the fluid channel and the other end connected to a water storage tank. In some embodiments, the transparent layer is provided with a fluid inlet channel, a fluid outlet channel and a plurality of fluid detection channels, which are perpendicular to the plane of the fluid channel, the fluid inlet channel and the fluid outlet channel are respectively distr