CN-119698990-B - Seed sowing roller structure and seed sowing device for soybeans

CN119698990BCN 119698990 BCN119698990 BCN 119698990BCN-119698990-B

Abstract

The invention provides a seed sowing roller structure and a seed sowing device for soybeans, wherein the seed sowing roller structure comprises a seed sowing roller, a plurality of circles of round table-shaped holes with large outside and small inside are arranged on the seed sowing roller, parameters of the round table-shaped holes are designed according to the stress condition of soybean seeds in the round table-shaped holes when the axes of the round table-shaped holes are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the parameters of the round table-shaped holes comprise the diameter of an orifice, the diameter of an air hole, the depth of the round table-shaped holes and the inclination angle of the round table-shaped holes. The invention can meet the precision seeding of soybean seeds with most different shapes, sizes and sphericity by designing the shape and the size of the shaped hole, ensure the smoothness of the seeds in the seed filling process, ensure the uniformity and the stability of seed sowing and greatly reduce the breaking rate of the seeds in the seeding process.

Inventors

JI HUA
SHENG BUYUN
WEI GUOLIANG
WANG XUGUANG
ZHAN YONGQI

Assignees

湖北工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20250109

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a seed metering roller structure for soybean, characterized by, including seed metering roller, be equipped with the round big round outside of hole that appears in the round shape of hole on the seed metering roller, the big opening in outside of round shape hole is called the type drill way, its inside is little open and is called the gas pocket, the connection inclined plane between type drill way and the gas pocket is called the wall, the parameter of round shape hole designs according to the atress condition of soybean seed in it when its axis lies in the horizontal direction, soybean seed is at the critical point that is about to slide now, the elasticity F N2 of soybean seed facing to soybean seed is 0 on the hole upper wall of type, frictional force F f2 between soybean seed and the hole upper wall of type is 0, the resultant force that soybean seed received provides centripetal force, the parameter of round shape hole includes type drill way diameter D Outer part , gas pocket diameter D Inner part , type hole degree of depth H and type Kong Qingjiao theta, L is less than or equal to D Outer part ≤2d,D Inner part is less than 0.8d, w is less than or equal to 2w, type hole inclination θ is calculated by following formula, Wherein L is the length of the soybean seeds, d is the thickness of the soybean seeds, w is the width of the soybean seeds, G is the gravity of the soybean seeds, m is the mass of the soybean seeds, G is the gravitational acceleration, Is the supporting force of the lower wall of the hole facing the soybean seeds, The friction force between the soybean seeds and the lower wall surface of the hole is r is the radius of the seed sowing roller, omega is the angular velocity of the seed sowing roller, and mu is the friction coefficient between the seed sowing roller and the soybean seeds.
2. The soybean seed metering drum structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length L of the soybean seeds is 8.91mm for the average length of soybean seeds of soybean number 13, the thickness d of the soybean seeds is 5.8mm for the average thickness of soybean seeds of soybean number 13, and the width w of the soybean seeds is 7.24mm for the average width of soybean seeds of premature 1.
3. The soybean seed metering drum structure according to claim 2, wherein the orifice diameter D Outer part satisfies 8.91 mm-11.6 mm- Outer part , the pore diameter D Inner part -4.64 mm and the pore depth H satisfies 7.24 mm-14.48 mm.
4. A sowing roller structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the air hole diameter D Inner part is 4.5mm and the profile hole depth H is 9mm.
5. The soybean seed metering drum structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the radius r of the seed metering drum is 74mm, the angular velocity ω of the seed metering drum is 0.5 pi≤ω≤pi, and the friction coefficient μ between the seed metering drum and the soybean seeds is 0.45, resulting in Kong Qingjiao θ∈ [19.97 °,23.16 ° ].
6. The soybean-based drum structure according to claim 5, wherein the orifice diameter D Outer part e [11.04mm,11.6mm ].
7. The seed metering drum construction for soybeans according to claim 1, wherein the truncated cone-shaped holes are provided with chamfers at the shaped apertures.
8. A seed metering device for soybeans, which is characterized by comprising a roller cover, a seed feeding pipeline and the seed metering roller structure for soybeans according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The roller cover is of a cavity structure with an opening at the top and comprises cover shell side plates, a pair of inclined plates and an outwards convex arc plate, wherein the cover shell side plates are arranged at two ends in parallel, the pair of inclined plates are symmetrically arranged between the two cover shell side plates and are inwards inclined, the arc plate is arranged between the bottoms of the two inclined plates and outwards convex, an opening is formed in the side surface of the arc plate, close to the bottom, and the width of the opening in the circumferential direction can completely cover at least one circular truncated cone-shaped hole; the seed metering roller structure comprises a seed metering roller and a high-pressure bin, the seed metering roller is rotatably arranged in a roller cover through a rotating shaft, the lower part of the seed metering roller is positioned in a groove of an arc plate, the upper part of the seed metering roller extends out of the groove of the arc plate, the inclined plates and the seed metering roller are in clearance fit, a seed filling area is formed by the outer wall of the upper part of the seed metering roller, the two inclined plates and a cavity between two shell side plates, the high-pressure bin is closely attached to the inner wall of the seed metering roller and corresponds to the position of the opening of the arc plate, and air flow which can blow soybean seeds in a round table-shaped hole at the high-pressure bin outwards is communicated in the high-pressure bin; The seed feeding pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, the upper opening of the seed feeding pipeline is connected with the opening of the arc-shaped plate, and the lower opening of the seed feeding pipeline is communicated with the outside.
9. The seed metering device for soybeans according to claim 8, wherein end caps are sleeved at the outer gaps of the seed metering roller at two ends of the rotating shaft, the end caps are fixedly mounted on corresponding shell side plates, and the high-pressure bin is fixedly mounted on the end caps.
10. The seed metering device for soybeans according to claim 8, wherein the width of the opening of the arc plate in the circumferential direction can completely cover 2-5 circular truncated cone-shaped holes.

Description

Seed sowing roller structure and seed sowing device for soybeans Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a soybean seed sowing roller structure and a soybean seed sowing device. Background Seeding is the first link of mechanized planting of crops, and the seed metering ware is as the core part of seeder, directly influences seeding quality. The shape hole of the existing seed sowing device generally adopts a grooved wheel hole or a round straight hole, if oversized or undersized seeds are encountered in the working process of the seed sowing device, the shape hole is extremely easy to have unstable seed filling, so that the seed filling efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the phenomena of hole seed clamping, seed knocking and the like are easy to occur. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a seed sowing roller structure for soybeans and a seed sowing device. The technical proposal adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is to provide a seed sowing roller structure for soybeans, which comprises a seed sowing roller, wherein a plurality of circles of round table-shaped holes with big outside and small inside are arranged on the seed sowing roller, the big outside opening of the round table-shaped holes is called a hole, the small inside opening of the round table-shaped holes is called a hole, the connecting inclined plane between the hole and the hole is called a wall surface, the parameters of the round table-shaped holes are designed according to the stress condition of soybean seeds in the round table-shaped holes when the axis of the round table-shaped holes is positioned in the horizontal direction, at the moment, the soybean seeds are at the critical point of going down, the elastic force F N2 of the upper wall of the hole facing the soybean seeds is 0, the friction force F f2 between the soybean seeds and the upper wall surface of the hole is 0, the resultant force applied to the soybean seeds provides centripetal force, the parameters of the round table-shaped holes comprise the hole diameter D Outer part , the hole diameter D Inner part , the hole depth H and the Kong Qingjiao theta, L D Outer part ≤2d,D Inner part D is less than or equal to 0.8 w, the inclination angle of the hole is less than or equal to H2 w, Wherein L is the length of the soybean seeds, d is the thickness of the soybean seeds, w is the width of the soybean seeds, G is the gravity of the soybean seeds, m is the mass of the soybean seeds, G is the gravitational acceleration,Is the supporting force of the lower wall of the hole facing the soybean seeds,The friction force between the soybean seeds and the lower wall surface of the hole is r is the radius of the seed sowing roller, omega is the angular velocity of the seed sowing roller, and mu is the friction coefficient between the seed sowing roller and the soybean seeds. Optionally, the length L of the soybean seeds is 8.91mm of the average length of soybean seeds of soybean number 13, the thickness d of the soybean seeds is 5.8mm of the average thickness of soybean seeds of soybean number 13, and the width w of the soybean seeds is 7.24mm of the average width of soybean seeds of early maturing soybean number 1. Optionally, the diameter D Outer part of the orifice is 8.91mm or less and D Outer part is 11.6mm or less, the diameter D Inner part of the air hole is 4.64mm or less, and the depth H of the shaped hole is 7.24mm or less and H is 14.48mm or less. Optionally, the diameter D Inner part of the air hole is 4.5mm, and the depth H of the shaped hole is 9mm. Optionally, the radius r of the seed sowing roller is 74mm, the angular speed omega of the seed sowing roller is 0.5 pi and less than or equal to omega and less than or equal to pi, and the friction coefficient mu between the seed sowing roller and the soybean seeds is 0.45, so that Kong Qingjiao theta epsilon [19.97 degrees, 23.16 degrees ] is obtained. Optionally, the orifice diameter D Outer part ε [11.04mm,11.6mm ]. Optionally, the truncated cone-shaped hole is provided with a chamfer at the hole opening. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a seed sowing device for soybeans, which comprises a roller cover, a seed sowing pipeline and the seed sowing roller structure for soybeans, wherein, The roller cover is of a cavity structure with an opening at the top and comprises cover shell side plates, a pair of inclined plates and an outwards convex arc plate, wherein the cover shell side plates are arranged at two ends in parallel, the pair of inclined plates are symmetrically arranged between the two cover shell side plates and are inwards inclined, the arc plate is arranged between the bottoms of the two inclined plates and outwards convex, an opening is formed in the side surface of the arc plate, close to the bottom, and the width of the opening in the circu