CN-119704674-B - Printing head management method and system for additive manufacturing

CN119704674BCN 119704674 BCN119704674 BCN 119704674BCN-119704674-B

Abstract

The invention provides a printing head management method and a printing head management system for additive manufacturing, and relates to the field of additive manufacturing. The method comprises the steps of establishing a printing path of a printing head according to a geometric model of a printing task, a material type and characteristics of the printing head, monitoring the speed of a printing nozzle and the printing path in real time through a sensor, collecting printing task load, nozzle state and material flow data, dynamically distributing the working load, starting a self-repairing mechanism when the task load, the nozzle state and the material flow data exceed preset thresholds, automatically cleaning the nozzle, adjusting the temperature of a heating system and readjusting the material flow rate, automatically recovering the normal working state of the printing head, and remarkably improving the printing precision, efficiency, quality and stability in the additive manufacturing process.

Inventors

Chen Nenghao
XU QICHUAN
MEI YONGLIANG
Hong Yingsheng
HE GUIHUA

Assignees

深圳市智能派科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20241217

Claims (7)

1. A method of printhead management for additive manufacturing, the method comprising the steps of: The method comprises the steps of starting a printing system, performing self-checking, configuring working parameters of the printing head, initializing the printing head, preheating and cleaning nozzles, wherein the configuration of the working parameters of the printing head comprises the following steps of performing comprehensive self-checking on the printing head through an embedded sensor after the printing system is started, detecting whether a nozzle, a heating system and a feeding mechanism work normally or not; Collecting working state data of the printing head in real time through a sensor, and adjusting the nozzle speed of the printing head according to the printing material; The method comprises the steps of obtaining a geometric model of a print task, a material type and a characteristic of the print head, converting the geometric model of the print task into grids, decomposing the surface of the geometric model into a series of triangular or quadrangular patches, wherein each grid patch represents a local area of the model, carrying out path calculation and connection planning on the print path between the grid patches, converting the gridded geometric model into a graph, wherein nodes represent points, edge points and turning points on the surface of the model, the edges represent the print path from one position to the other position, and give weight to each edge, calculating the shortest path from the starting point to the target based on a Dijkstra algorithm, carrying out path smoothing processing on the basis of the Dijkstra algorithm, carrying out layering processing on the print task, carrying out path planning on different heights on the print path of each layer, using the print path on a graph two-dimensional plane for each layer, and planning the temperature of the material manufacturing material according to the melting point increase characteristic, and adjusting the diameter of the nozzle; Monitoring the speed of a printed nozzle and a printing path in real time through a sensor, collecting the data of a printed task load, the state of the nozzle and the material flow, and dynamically distributing the work load; when the task load, the state of the nozzle and the material flow data exceed preset thresholds, a self-repairing mechanism is started to automatically clean the nozzle, adjust the temperature of a heating system and readjust the flow rate of the material, and automatically recover the normal working state of the printing head; Before the dynamic distribution of the workload, the method further comprises the steps of dividing a printing area into a plurality of subareas, distributing different loads to each area according to printing precision and time, processing all data acquired by a sensor in real time when the workload is dynamically distributed, analyzing and predicting the printing load of each area by using a regression model according to the collected sensor data, dividing a printing path according to different loads, dynamically adjusting the nozzle speed according to the monitoring data of the nozzle real-time speed and pressure, and dynamically adjusting the workload.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the embedded sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a nozzle speed sensor, a material flow sensor and a displacement sensor, wherein the sensor detects the temperature, the pressure and the working state of the nozzle in real time when the embedded sensor is used for carrying out comprehensive self-inspection on the printing head, and detects whether blockage and abnormal temperature exist or not after the embedded sensor is compared with a standard threshold range, if the temperature of the nozzle is too low, the system automatically adjusts the power of the heater, and if the pressure is too high, the system adjusts the material feeding speed or the gap of the nozzle.
3. A method of printhead management for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the nozzle speed of the printhead according to the printing material comprises the steps of: Acquiring working state data fed back by a sensor in real time, wherein the working state data comprises nozzle temperature, material flow and printing speed; Setting an adjusting range of the nozzle speed according to the viscosity and the melting point of the printing material; And a closed-loop control system is adopted to automatically adjust the speed of the nozzle according to the feedback of sensor data in real time.
4. A print head management method for additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein the closed-loop control system comprises a sensor module, a control module and an execution module, wherein the sensor module is responsible for collecting working state data of nozzle temperature, material flow, nozzle pressure and printing speed in real time, the control module is responsible for processing the sensor data and calculating a nozzle speed adjustment value, the execution module receives a command of the control module to adjust the actual ejection speed and the material feeding speed of the nozzle, the closed-loop control system adopts PID control and automatically adjusts the nozzle speed through closed-loop feedback and correction, wherein after each time of adjusting the nozzle speed, the sensor continuously monitors the working state data of the nozzle and feeds back to the control module in real time, and when the nozzle speed deviates from an expected adjustment range, the control system adjusts the nozzle speed again.
5. A method of printhead management for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein identifying characteristics of the melting point, flowability, viscosity, coefficient of thermal expansion of the printing material comprises creating a database containing characteristics of the printing material, and loading melting point, flowability, viscosity and coefficient of thermal expansion information of the printing material used for additive manufacturing.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the operating parameters of the nozzle temperature, material flow rate, and nozzle size of the printhead are dynamically adjusted, the operating state data of the material during printing is monitored in real time by the sensor, the sensor data and the material property database are used to analyze the operating state data, the current state of the material is identified, the nozzle temperature, material flow rate, and nozzle size of the printhead are adjusted based on the current real-time monitored data, and if an increase in the viscosity of the material is detected, the viscosity is reduced by increasing the nozzle temperature, and the printing parameters are optimized by implementing a closed loop feedback control mechanism.
7. A printhead management system for additive manufacturing, for performing the printhead management method for additive manufacturing of any one of claims 1 to 6, the system comprising: The initialization module is used for starting the printing system and performing self-checking, configuring working parameters of the printing head, initializing the printing head and performing preheating and nozzle cleaning; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring working state data of the printing head in real time through the sensor and adjusting the nozzle speed of the printing head according to the printing material; The path planning module is used for constructing a printing path of the printing head according to the geometric model of the printing task, the material type and the characteristics of the printing head; the load distribution module is used for monitoring the speed of the printed nozzles and the printing path in real time through the sensor, collecting the printed task load, the nozzle state and the material flow data, and dynamically distributing the work load; And the repair adjustment module is used for starting a self-repair mechanism when the task load, the state of the nozzle and the material flow data exceed preset thresholds, automatically cleaning the nozzle, adjusting the temperature of the heating system and readjusting the flow rate of the material, and automatically recovering the normal working state of the printing head.

Description

Printing head management method and system for additive manufacturing Technical Field The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a printing head management method and a printing head management system for additive manufacturing. Background Additive manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM), also known as 3D printing technology, is a type of manufacturing technology that manufactures three-dimensional objects by adding material layer by layer. Unlike traditional material reducing process, the material adding process has no need of cutting, milling and other operation, and may be used in producing three-dimensional computer model file to produce practical article for aviation, automobile, medical treatment, building and other industry. The additive manufacturing technology stacks materials such as powder, liquid or wires layer by layer through a printing head controlled with high precision, and finally forms a required three-dimensional shape. In this process, the accuracy, stability, suitability of the printhead, and the ability to control the materials directly determine the quality and manufacturing efficiency of the finished product. The printhead, which is one of the core components of the additive manufacturing apparatus, has a main function of precisely ejecting or extruding raw materials onto a printing platform and performing path control with high precision according to the requirements of a print job. The performance of the printhead has a critical impact on the accuracy, surface smoothness, printing speed, and material utilization in the additive manufacturing process. Common printhead types today are FDM (fused deposition modeling) printheads, SLA (stereolithography) printheads, SLS (selective laser sintering) printheads, and Jetting (jet printheads). In the prior art, the print head management method is single, is realized through manual adjustment or simple automatic control, is difficult to adapt to multi-head printing or complex printing tasks, and most of devices can only realize basic temperature control and material output control and cannot perform intelligent fault diagnosis and self-adaptive optimization. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a more intelligent and automatic print head management method is needed, which can monitor and adjust the working state of the print head in real time, optimize the printing process, and especially realize more efficient and accurate additive manufacturing in the aspects of multi-head printing, complex material printing and fault detection. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a print head management method and system for additive manufacturing, which can significantly improve the printing precision, efficiency, quality and stability in the additive manufacturing process by introducing intelligent monitoring, dynamic adjustment and path optimization, and solve the problem of singleness print head management method in the prior art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: based on the above object, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a print head management method for additive manufacturing, comprising the steps of: Starting a printing system, performing self-checking, configuring working parameters of a printing head, initializing the printing head, and performing preheating and nozzle cleaning; Collecting working state data of the printing head in real time through a sensor, and adjusting the nozzle speed of the printing head according to the printing material; Constructing a printing path of the printing head according to the geometric model, the material type and the printing head characteristics of the printing task; Monitoring the speed of a printed nozzle and a printing path in real time through a sensor, collecting the data of a printed task load, the state of the nozzle and the material flow, and dynamically distributing the work load; and when the task load, the state of the nozzle and the material flow data exceed preset thresholds, starting a self-repairing mechanism, automatically cleaning the nozzle, adjusting the temperature of a heating system and readjusting the flow rate of the material, and automatically recovering the normal working state of the printing head. As a further aspect of the present invention, configuring an operating parameter of a printhead includes the steps of: after the printing system is started, the printing head is subjected to comprehensive self-detection through the embedded sensor, and whether the nozzle, the heating system and the feeding mechanism work normally or not is detected; The system identifies the characteristics of the melting point, the fluidity, the viscosity and the thermal expansion coefficient of the printing material according to the printing material used in the additive manufacturing, and dynamically adjus