CN-120291874-B - Environment-friendly mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of near-vertical super-thick coal seam

CN120291874BCN 120291874 BCN120291874 BCN 120291874BCN-120291874-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a green mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of a near-vertical super-thick coal seam, and relates to the technical field of coal mining; the method comprises the steps of dividing a near-vertical super-thick coal seam into different sections according to the thickness of 20-40 m, mining the sections by a fully-mechanized mining method, wherein after a coal mining working face is pushed for 8-10 m, namely a mining and filling step distance, a slurry blocking cloth is arranged on a caving coal filling and mining hydraulic support, a separation net is paved on a goaf, grouting and filling are carried out on the goaf through a high-level process roadway, the near-vertical coal seam is divided into a plurality of horizontal sections, descending mining sequences are adopted, and the goaf is matched with timely filling, so that rock stratum movement can be accurately and cooperatively controlled, the displacement and deformation of a steep rock stratum caused by coal seam mining are effectively reduced, surrounding rock stress is obviously weakened, and surface deformation is controlled.

Inventors

ZHANG JIXIONG
ZHANG QIANG
JU FENG
CAI WU
BAI YU
YANG KANG
Zong Tingcheng
CUI PENGFEI
DENG PANBO

Assignees

中国矿业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250529

Claims (13)

1. The green mining method for preventing and controlling disasters by filling the nearly vertical ultra-thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dividing the nearly vertical super-thick coal seam into different mining horizontal sections according to the thickness of 20-40 m; The method comprises the steps of mining horizontal sections by a fully-mechanized mining method, namely, a mining and filling step distance after a coal face is pushed for 8-10 m, arranging slurry blocking cloth on a slurry blocking support of a top coal caving filling mining lapping and paving a separation net in a goaf; Grouting and filling in a high-level process roadway in the goaf; Filling is carried out between adjacent horizontal sections through a special filling process, and the filling process is divided into three types, namely horizontal section staggered filling, horizontal section interval filling and horizontal section insufficient filling; when dividing the independent horizontal sections, horizontally arranging a fully-mechanized caving face at the junction of the horizontal section and the next horizontal section to coal, and excavating a high-level filling roadway in a bottom plate rock pillar at the junction of the horizontal section and the previous horizontal section to perform grouting filling on a goaf; The hydraulic support moves forwards after top coal caving is completed in the coal mining process of the fully-mechanized caving face, an isolation net is paved on the bottom plate of the goaf in the moving process, the width of the goaf reaches 8-10 m, namely, a mining step distance, slurry blocking cloth is arranged on the top coal caving filling mining lapping slurry blocking support, and high-level process roadway grouting filling is conducted on the goaf; Each mining horizontal section is provided with a high-level process roadway in a horizontal base plate rock pillar at the juncture of the mining section and the upper section before coal mining, a filling pump is arranged in the high-level process roadway, a ground grouting device conveys required slurry into the high-level process roadway through a conveying pipeline, and the slurry is pumped into a goaf through the filling pump; arranging a low-level coal mining and discharging system below each horizontal section, and conveying coal out of the working face by a scraper conveyor after coal is discharged from the coal face; The hydraulic support for caving coal filling mining, lapping and slurry blocking comprises a hydraulic support for caving coal, an automatic lapping device and a slurry blocking device, wherein the hydraulic support for caving coal consists of a reverse four-bar supporting main body, a split type shield beam mechanism and a coal caving mechanism.
2. The method for green mining of the near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 1, wherein the horizontal segmented staggered filling comprises the steps of timely filling goafs formed by each filling step with high-level process roadway grouting after each filling step, and forming staggered filling blocks after the upper and lower adjacent horizontal segmented filling is completed.
3. The method for green mining of the near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control is characterized in that the horizontal sectional interval filling comprises horizontal sectional insufficient interval filling, horizontal sectional stepped coal pillar interval filling and horizontal sectional stepped coal pillar insufficient interval filling.
4. The method for green mining of a near-vertical extra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 3, wherein the horizontal sectional interval filling comprises the steps of caving a roof coal after a mining step distance is adopted, performing high-level process roadway grouting filling on a goaf formed by the mining step distance in time, then mining coal pillars at intervals, directly performing grouting filling without performing a coal caving process, and then mining a mining step distance and repeating circularly.
5. The method for green mining of a near-vertical extra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 3, wherein the horizontal sectional insufficient interval filling comprises the steps of caving a top coal after a mining and filling step, and timely performing high-level process roadway grouting insufficient filling on a goaf formed by the mining and filling step, specifically, filling the goaf formed by the mining and filling step to a filling body smaller than the horizontal sectional height, mining coal pillars at a certain interval without performing a coal caving process, directly performing grouting filling, mining a mining and filling step, and circulating.
6. The method for green mining of a near-vertical extra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 3, wherein the horizontal sectional step-like coal pillar filling at intervals comprises the steps of caving a top coal after a filling step is adopted, timely grouting and filling a goaf formed by the filling step in a high-level process roadway, then mining coal pillars at intervals, directly grouting and filling without coal caving, mining a filling step, and cyclically reciprocating to reserve a proper amount of high-level coal pillar with the last adjacent horizontal section when the next horizontal section is mined, thereby forming step-like mining.
7. The method for green mining of a near-vertical extra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 3, wherein the horizontal sectional step-like coal-retaining pillar non-sufficient interval filling comprises the steps of caving a top coal after a mining step distance is adopted, and timely performing high-level process roadway grouting non-sufficient filling on a goaf formed by the mining step distance, specifically, filling the goaf formed by the mining step distance to a filling body smaller than the horizontal sectional height, mining coal pillars at a certain interval, directly performing grouting filling without a coal caving process, mining a mining step distance, and cyclically reciprocating to leave a proper-height coal pillar with a previous adjacent horizontal section when mining the next horizontal section, thereby forming step-like mining.
8. The method for green mining of the near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control as set forth in claim 1, wherein the horizontal section underfilling comprises horizontal section stepped coal pillar underfilling.
9. The method for green mining of a near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control system according to claim 8, wherein the horizontal segment insufficient filling comprises top coal caving after a mining step distance is adopted, and high-level process roadway grouting insufficient filling is carried out on a goaf formed by the mining step distance in time, specifically, each horizontal segment goaf is filled to be smaller than a filling body of the horizontal segment height.
10. The method for green mining of a near-vertical extra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control, as set forth in claim 8, wherein the horizontal sectional step-type coal pillar insufficient filling comprises the steps of caving a top coal after a mining step distance is adopted, and timely performing high-level process roadway grouting insufficient filling on a goaf formed by the mining step distance, specifically, filling each horizontal sectional goaf to a filling body smaller than the horizontal sectional height, and reserving a proper amount of high-level coal pillar with a previous adjacent horizontal sectional during the next horizontal sectional mining to form step-type mining.
11. The green mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of a near-vertical super-thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the reverse four-bar support main body comprises a bearing beam, a reverse four-bar mechanism, two sets of hydraulic upright posts and a base, the reverse four-bar mechanism is hinged with the bearing beam, the hinge angle is designed to be 15-45 degrees, the two sets of hydraulic upright posts comprise a front upright post and a rear upright post, and the two sets of hydraulic upright posts are respectively hinged with the bearing beam and the base.
12. The method for green mining of a near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control system according to claim 1, wherein the split type shield beam mechanism comprises a shield beam, a shield Liang Shengjiang upright post, a shield Liang Shengjiang oil cylinder and a shield beam tilt angle oil cylinder, the shield beam lifting upright post is hinged with the shield beam, and the shield beam lifting oil cylinder and the shield beam tilt angle oil cylinder are hinged with the shield beam and the base respectively.
13. The method for green mining of the near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam filling disaster prevention and control according to claim 1, wherein the coal discharging mechanism comprises a plugboard and a plugboard telescopic cylinder, and the plugboard is inserted into the shield beam after being inserted into the shield beam, and can be telescopic through the plugboard telescopic cylinder.

Description

Environment-friendly mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of near-vertical super-thick coal seam Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a green mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of a near-vertical super-thick coal seam. Background In the exploitation process of the near-vertical super-thick coal seam, various disasters, such as rock burst, gas outburst and the like, are easy to generate due to the geometric characteristics of the coal seam and the specificity of exploitation conditions. These disasters not only threaten miners' safety, but also seriously affect the efficient exploitation of coal resources. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop an effective disaster prevention and control method. In the exploitation process of the near-vertical super-thick coal seam, disaster problems such as surface subsidence, coal pillar collapse, roof collapse and fire disaster easily occur, and the safety production of the coal mine is seriously threatened. The traditional coal mine disaster prevention and control method often depends on a single technical means, and is difficult to cope with complex mine environments and the combined action of multiple disasters. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a green mining method for filling, preventing and controlling disasters of a near-vertical ultra-thick coal seam, so as to at least solve part of the problems. The method comprises the following steps of dividing the nearly vertical super-thick coal seam into different mining horizontal sections according to the thickness of 20m, mining the horizontal sections by a fully-mechanized caving mining method, after the coal face is pushed by 3-8m, namely a mining step distance, arranging slurry blocking cloth on a slurry blocking support for overhead coal mining and filling, paving a separation net on a goaf, and filling in a high-level process roadway slurry filling in the goaf, wherein filling is carried out between adjacent horizontal sections by a special filling process, and the filling process is divided into three types of horizontal section dislocation filling and horizontal section interval filling and horizontal section insufficient filling. Furthermore, the horizontal sectional staggered filling is that after each filling step is adopted, the goaf formed by the filling step is filled with high-level process roadway grouting in time, and the adjacent horizontal sectional filling is completed to form a staggered filling block. Further, the horizontal sectional interval filling can be divided into horizontal sectional interval filling, horizontal sectional insufficient interval filling, horizontal sectional stepped coal pillar reserving interval filling and horizontal sectional stepped coal pillar reserving insufficient interval filling. Further, the horizontal sectional interval filling is that after a mining and filling step is adopted, top coal caving is carried out, high-level process roadway grouting filling is carried out on a goaf formed by the mining and filling step in time, then coal pillars with a certain distance are mined, the coal caving process is not carried out, grouting filling is directly carried out, and then the mining and filling step is carried out, and the cyclic reciprocation is carried out. Further, the horizontal subsection insufficient interval filling is that top coal is put after a mining and filling step is adopted, and grouting insufficient filling is carried out on a goaf formed by the mining and filling step in time, specifically, the goaf formed by the mining and filling step is filled to a filling body smaller than the horizontal subsection height, then coal pillars with a certain distance are mined, the coal putting process is not carried out, grouting filling is directly carried out, and then the mining and filling step is carried out again, and the cycle is repeated. Further, the horizontal sectional step-type coal pillar filling at intervals is that top coal is caving after a coal mining and filling step is adopted, a goaf formed by the coal mining and filling step is timely filled with high-level process roadway grouting, then coal pillars with certain distance are mined, the coal mining procedure is not carried out, grouting and filling are directly carried out, then the coal mining and filling step is adopted, the coal pillars are circularly reciprocated, and when the next horizontal section is mined, a proper amount of high-level coal pillar is reserved with the last adjacent horizontal section, so that step-type mining is formed. Further, the horizontal sectional step type coal pillar is not fully filled, namely, roof coal is caving after a mining and filling step is adopted, and grouting is not fully filled in a high-level process roadway for a goaf formed by the mining and filling step in time, specifically, the goaf formed by the mining and