CN-120338357-B - Efficient optimized water regulation and control method for coupling dynamic estimation of soil quality of black soil

CN120338357BCN 120338357 BCN120338357 BCN 120338357BCN-120338357-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of sustainable agriculture, and particularly relates to a water efficient optimization regulation method for coupling dynamic evaluation of soil cultivation quality. The method introduces the influence of the water process on the black soil erosion to realize accurate soil loss assessment, combines key constraint conditions such as soil erosion, salinization and the like, provides an optimal calculation method, scientifically decides the optimal irrigation water quantity and irrigation mode, ensures that the black soil area meets the water requirement of crops, simultaneously reduces the soil degradation risk to the greatest extent, integrates multi-dimensional key indexes such as soil erosion, salinization, soil nutrients, soil structure and the like, and provides an index model (SRI) for quantifying the black soil restoration effect, and quantitatively evaluates the soil health condition and the restoration effect.

Inventors

LI MO
CHEN YINGSHAN
LIU LIU
HU YAXIAN
WANG YIJIA
LIU WUYUAN

Assignees

东北农业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250401

Claims (4)

1. A water high-efficiency optimization regulation method for coupling dynamic evaluation of black soil cultivation quality is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, integrating black soil tilling data, namely collecting soil coverage data, meteorological data, DEM data, soil data, river network data and administrative division data of a target black soil tilling; s2, constructing a high-precision black soil tillage hazard evaluation system, namely dividing a target black soil tillage into a plurality of grids i, i >1, calculating the loss and erosion rate of black soil according to black soil tillage data, dividing the soil erosion grades into E1-mild erosion, E2-moderate erosion, E3-strong erosion, E4-extremely strong erosion and E5-severe erosion, calculating soil salinization indexes, and dividing the soil salinization grade positions into S1-salt-free alkalization, S2-mild salinization, S3-moderate salinization, S4-severe salinization and S5-extremely severe salinization according to the soil salinization indexes, wherein the total of the indexes are E1S1、E2S1、E3S1、E4S1、E5S1、E1S2、E2S2、E3S2、E4S2、E5S2、E1S3、E2S3、E3S3、E4S3、E5S3、E1S4、E2S4、E3S4、E4S4、E5S4、E1S5、E2S5、E3S5、E4S5、E5S5 indexes; s3, constructing an accurate irrigation decision model, namely determining a black soil irrigation mode through a black soil comprehensive diagnosis system, and optimizing an irrigation decision through the constraint of the irrigation quantity to obtain the accurate irrigation decision model; S4, constructing a black soil restoration index to evaluate the soil restoration condition; Wherein the optimization objective of optimizing the irrigation decision by the constraint of the irrigation amount is to minimize the irrigation amount I i of the grid I, and the optimization method comprises the following steps: And (3) soil erosion constraint, namely irrigating the optimized irrigation water into soil, wherein the obtained loss is smaller than the current soil loss: ; In the formula, Soil loss for grid i; the surface runoff of the grid i; irrigation water quantity for grid i; maximum runoff for grid i; the grid area of grid i; Soil corrosiveness factor for grid i; The gradient length factor of the grid i; a vegetation coverage and management factor for grid i; A water and soil conservation measure factor for the grid i; crop soil erosion amount of the current situation of the grid i estimated by the model; Soil salinization constraint, namely irrigating the optimized irrigation water into the soil, wherein the obtained soil salinization degree is smaller than that of the current soil: ; In the formula, The soil salinity concentration of grid i; for the irrigation water quantity of grid i, The salt concentration of the irrigation water for grid i; is a water and soil conservation measure factor of the grid i, Salt concentration of the water source used for soil and water conservation measures in the grid i; for the displacement of the grid i, The salt concentration of the water discharged from the grid i; The salinization degree of the current crop soil of the grid i is evaluated for the model; The construction of the black soil restoration index and the evaluation of the soil restoration condition are specifically characterized in that the soil restoration index is used for quantification, and the calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, Soil restoration index for grid i; the number of the key soil indexes is selected; The weight of the nth index; Is the value of the nth soil index after t years; is an initial soil index value; is an ideal recovery target value; if SRI i >1, the soil is restored to be more than ideal; If SRI i =1, it indicates that the soil restoration reaches the target value; If 0< SRI i <1, indicating that the soil part is restored; If SRI i is less than or equal to 0, the soil is not recovered or is continuously degenerated.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the soil loss calculation formula is: ; ; In the formula, Is a grid index; The rainfall for grid i; the surface runoff of the grid i; irrigation water quantity for grid i; the evaporation capacity of soil for grid i; the penetration and side flow for the soil profile of grid i; the groundwater content for grid i; soil loss for grid i; maximum runoff for grid i; the grid area of grid i; Soil corrosiveness factor for grid i; The gradient length factor of the grid i; a vegetation coverage and management factor for grid i; A water and soil conservation measure factor for the grid i; the erosion rate calculation formula is: ; In the formula, The erosion rate for grid i; The soil volume weight of grid i.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the soil salinization index calculation formula is: ; In the formula, Soil salinization index for grid i; conductivity for grid i; Exchangeable sodium percentage for grid i; the pH value of soil in grid i; the salt content of soil in the grid i is represented by W1, W2, W3 and W4; n (X) is a normalized value of the index, ranging from 0 to 1: ; The calculation formula of the salt content of the soil is as follows: ; In the formula, The soil salinity concentration of grid i; the mass of water in the soil for grid i; The dry weight of soil for grid i.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination of the black soil irrigation mode is based on: If the comprehensive land diagnosis result is any index of E1S1, E1S3 and E1S4, the irrigation mode is maintained as the current situation; if the comprehensive land diagnosis result is any index of E5S1, E5S2, E5S3 and E5S4, the irrigation mode is returning to the cultivation mode; if the comprehensive diagnosis result of the land is any index, the irrigation mode is water-saving irrigation.

Description

Efficient optimized water regulation and control method for coupling dynamic estimation of soil quality of black soil Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of sustainable agriculture, and particularly relates to a water efficient optimization regulation method for coupling dynamic evaluation of soil cultivation quality. Background The black soil is a soil type with extremely high soil fertility in cold temperature zones and wet zones, has rich organic matter content, is mainly distributed in northeast China, huang-Huai-Hai and other areas, especially in black soil zones, has excellent soil structure, strong water and fertilizer retention capability and moderate pH value, and is suitable for the growth of most crops. The black soil area land is widely used for agricultural production and is one of important grain production areas in China. However, due to excessive farming, excessive grazing and unreasonable soil and water conservation measures, the black soil area suffers from serious soil degradation, resulting in gradual decline of the productivity of the black soil, affecting the sustainable development of agriculture, and bringing about many negative effects on the ecological environment. To address these challenges, it is becoming particularly important to develop accurate assessment and restoration measures for black soil degradation. In recent years, soil degradation problems in black soil areas in China are increasingly serious, and soil erosion and salinization are increasingly serious. In addition, the precipitation in the black soil area is unevenly distributed in space and time, and the traditional irrigation mode (such as flood irrigation) often causes excessive water loss or water accumulation, so that the problem of soil degradation is further aggravated. The prior black soil treatment measures mostly adopt traditional methods, such as returning to the forest, applying organic fertilizer and the like, but the measures often lack scientific quantitative evaluation and optimization regulation, and are difficult to accurately guide the recovery of the black soil. Particularly in the aspects of black soil water resource management and irrigation optimization, the research of a system is still lacking, so that the water resource waste is serious, and the problem of black soil degradation is difficult to effectively alleviate. Therefore, a method for evaluating and recovering the degradation of the black soil based on data driving is needed, and the black soil recovering efficiency is improved by combining water-soil coupling analysis and a precise irrigation strategy. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the technical problems, the application provides a comprehensive technical system based on high-precision black soil hazard evaluation, irrigation optimization decision and soil restoration evaluation, which mainly comprises the steps of constructing a high-precision black soil hazard evaluation system, integrating factors such as soil erosion, salinization and the like, accurately simulating the influence of a hydrologic process on soil degradation based on a SWAT mechanism model, breaking through the limitation of a traditional static evaluation method and improving the prediction precision of black soil degradation. And the precise irrigation decision model based on optimization calculation is provided, namely, the optimal irrigation water quantity and mode are calculated through an optimization algorithm by combining soil erosion constraint, salinization constraint and crop water demand, so that the black soil degradation risk is reduced while the crop growth is ensured, and the water resource utilization efficiency is improved. Establishing a black Soil Restoration Index (SRI) evaluation system, which is used for quantitatively evaluating the black soil restoration effect by fusing key indexes such as soil erosion, salinization, soil nutrient, water management and the like, and making up the defects of the traditional method in black soil restoration monitoring. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application discloses a water efficient optimization regulation method for coupling dynamic estimation of the soil quality of black soil cultivation, which comprises the following steps: s1, integrating black soil tilling data, namely collecting soil coverage data, meteorological data, DEM data, soil data, river network data and administrative division data of a target black soil tilling; s2, constructing a high-precision black soil tillage hazard evaluation system, namely dividing a target black soil tillage into a plurality of grids i, i >1, calculating the loss and erosion rate of black soil according to black soil tillage data, dividing the soil erosion grades into E1-mild erosion, E2-moderate erosion, E3-strong erosion, E4-extremely strong erosion and E5-severe erosion, calculating soil salinization indexes, and dividing the soil salinization grade positions into S1-salt