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CN-120345660-B - Preparation method and application of biological bait for young sea water fish

CN120345660BCN 120345660 BCN120345660 BCN 120345660BCN-120345660-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a preparation method and application of biological bait for young sea water fish. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing schizochytrium limacinum powder, bile acid and sunflower phospholipids according to a mass ratio of 50:10-20:10-20 to obtain a nutrition enhancer, diluting the nutrition enhancer to a concentration of 40-50 g/t to obtain a diluent, adding 130-150 common artemia in each milliliter of the diluent, culturing for 12-18 h, collecting the enhanced artemia, adding 30-50 common artemia in each milliliter of the diluent, culturing for 12-18 h, and collecting the enhanced artemia, wherein the combination of the enhanced artemia and the enhanced artemia is a biological bait for young fish. The biological bait for the young fish prepared by the invention has uniform specification, high survival rate in the bait transferring period and obvious economic and ecological benefits.

Inventors

  • ZHU AIJUN
  • TAN PENG
  • CHAI XUEJUN

Assignees

  • 浙江省海洋水产研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250428

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The application of the biological bait for the young sea fish is characterized in that the preparation method of the biological bait for the young sea fish comprises the following steps: Mixing schizochytrium limacinum powder, bile acid and sunflower phospholipid according to a mass ratio of 50:10-20:10-20 to obtain a nutrition enhancer; Diluting the nutrition enhancer to a concentration of 40 g/t-50 g/t to obtain a diluent; 130-150 common rotifers are added into each milliliter of diluent, and are cultured for 12-18 hours, so that enriched rotifers are obtained, when the rotifers are enriched, the nutrition enhancer also comprises an enhancer, wherein the enhancer is brown alginate oligosaccharides, sodium butyrate, cysteine or gamma-aminobutyric acid, the additive amount of the brown alginate oligosaccharides in each kilogram of the nutrition enhancer is 1-2 mg, the additive amount of the sodium butyrate in each kilogram of the nutrition enhancer is 100-200 mg, the additive amount of the cysteine in each kilogram of the nutrition enhancer is 10-20 mg, and the additive amount of the gamma-aminobutyric acid in each kilogram of the nutrition enhancer is 10-20 mg; adding 30-50 common artemia into each milliliter of diluent, culturing for 12-18 hours, and collecting to obtain reinforced artemia; The combination of the intensified wheel worm and the intensified artemia is the biological bait for the young fish; the sea water larvae are the sea bream larvae; the biological bait for the young sea water fish is used for improving the uniformity of young sea water fish fries and the survival rate of young sea water fish fries in aquaculture and reducing the dependency of fish meal.
  2. 2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the docosahexaenoic acid in the schizochytrium limacinum powder comprises more than 35% of the total mass of fatty acids on a dry weight basis.
  3. 3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the differential feeding of larvae with the biological feed for seawater larvae comprises: Feeding common rotifers to larvae of 7-14 days old; feeding the mixture of the intensified wheel worm and the common artemia to the young fish with the age of 15-19 days, wherein the wet weight ratio of the intensified wheel worm to the common artemia is 1:1; feeding the reinforced artemia to young fish with the age of 20-30 days.
  4. 4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that the concentration of common rotifers is 5-8 per milliliter of sea water, fed three times per day, 7-14 days old; Feeding the mixture of the intensified wheel worm and the common artemia for three times every day from 15 days old to 19 days old; feeding three times per day at 20-30 days old, wherein the concentration of the intensified artemia is 10 artemia per milliliter of seawater.
  5. 5. The use according to claim 3, wherein the fish meal replacement feed is fed to young fish of 31-60 days old, and the dry weight percentage of non-fish meal protein in the fish meal replacement feed is 40-60%.
  6. 6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the feeding method of fish meal replacement feed comprises the steps of: The formula of the fish meal replacement feed for the young fish with the age of 31-36 days comprises, by dry weight percentage, fish meal, enzymolysis soybean peptide, black soldier fly protein and yeast protein which are respectively 60%, 20%, 10% and 10%, and neutral protease which is 1-2% of the total dry weight mass of the fish meal, the enzymolysis soybean peptide, the black soldier fly protein and the yeast protein; The formula of the fish meal replacement feed for the young fish with the age of 37 days to 45 days comprises, by dry weight percentage, 50% of fish meal, 25% of black soldier fly protein and 25% of yeast protein respectively, and chitinase accounting for 1% -2% of total dry weight of the fish meal, the black soldier fly protein and the yeast protein; The formula of the fish meal replacement feed for the young fish with the age of 46-60 days comprises 40%, 30% and 30% of fish meal, black soldier fly protein and yeast protein by dry weight percentage, and high-temperature resistant lactobacillus which is equivalent to 1% -2% of the total dry weight of the fish meal, the black soldier fly protein and the yeast protein, wherein the high-temperature resistance refers to the high temperature resistance of more than 40 ℃.
  7. 7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the fish meal replacement feed is used for improving the uniformity of fries and the survival rate of fries in aquaculture and reducing the fish meal dependence.

Description

Preparation method and application of biological bait for young sea water fish Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a preparation method and application of biological bait for young sea water fish, and more particularly relates to application in fingerling cultivation. Background Along with the development of aquaculture, the supply and demand contradiction of high-quality larvae is prominent, and how to efficiently produce larvae is a technical difficulty of aquaculture research. The technical problems faced by the cultivation of the marine fish fries are that the fries are not uniform in specification and have high mortality rate in the bait transferring period. The concrete steps are as follows: In the prior art, 7-day-old to 19-day-old fries have obvious specification differentiation caused by individual development difference, the body length difference can reach 30%, the conventional single bait feeding strategy can aggravate uneven growth if common rotifers are used in the whole course, large-specification fries overgrow due to strong ingestion competitiveness, and small-specification fries have reduced survival rate due to insufficient ingestion. In addition, the large difference of the specifications of the seedlings can aggravate the phenomenon of similar food-like phenomenon, and the survival rate of the seedlings is further reduced. In actual production, the operation of classifying and screening is complex and the fish body is easy to damage. Therefore, a technology for realizing the uniformity of the seedling population specification without manual sorting is needed. In addition, in practice, the digestive system development of the young fishes of 20-30 days old is imperfect, the utilization rate of protein in artificial feed is low, the conventional method adopts the common artemia nauplii as biological feed, but the biological feed generally has the problem of insufficient DHA content, and the survival rate of the fries in the bait transfer period is only 5-20% due to unbalanced nutrition. In summary, there is a need to develop a strategy that can improve the problems of non-uniformity of offspring specifications and high mortality during bait transfer. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems of nonuniform specification and low survival rate in the bait conversion period of fries in the process of cultivating the fries and the fries in the prior art, the invention provides a biological bait for the fries and the fries, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention aims to provide a preparation method of biological bait for young fish, which comprises the following steps: mixing schizochytrium limacinum powder, bile acid and sunflower phospholipid according to the mass ratio of 50:10-20:10-20, and filtering with a sieve of 100-120 meshes to remove large particles so as to obtain a nutrition enhancer; Diluting the nutrition enhancer to a concentration of 40-50 g/t to obtain a diluent; 130-150 common rotifers are added into each milliliter of diluent, and the diluted solution is cultured for 12-18 hours and collected to obtain reinforced rotifers; Adding 30-50 common artemia into each milliliter of diluent, culturing for 12-18 hours, and collecting to obtain reinforced artemia; the combination of the intensified wheel worm and the intensified artemia is the biological bait for the young fish. The method has the technical effects that DHA/FA (docosahexaenoic acid accounts for the percentage of the total mass of fatty acid) in the reinforced artemia is more than or equal to 14.16%, EPA/FA (eicosapentaenoic acid accounts for the percentage of the total mass of fatty acid) is more than or equal to 9.41%, the density of the artemia after 12-18 h of culture is at least 51.74% higher than that of a control group, the average body length is 0.2mm, and DHA/FA in the reinforced artemia is more than or equal to 8.69%, EPA/FA is more than or equal to 3.63%, the survival rate is more than or equal to 88.58%, the crude protein content is more than or equal to 55%, the total amino acid content is more than or equal to 41%, and the average body length is 1mm based on dry weight. Preferably, DHA/FA in the schizochytrium limacinum powder is more than or equal to 35 percent based on dry weight, and the schizochytrium limacinum powder is frozen and stored at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ before use. Preferably, the biological bait for the young sea fish further comprises an enhancer, wherein the enhancer is brown alginate oligosaccharides, sodium butyrate, cysteine or gamma-aminobutyric acid; The addition amount of the brown alginate oligosaccharides in each kilogram of nutrition enhancer is 1-2 mg; the addition amount of sodium butyrate in each kilogram of nutrition enhancer is 100 mg-200 mg; the addition amount of cysteine in each kilogram of nutrition enhancer is 10 mg-20 mg; The addition amount of the gamma-aminobutyric acid in each