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CN-120512953-B - Solar cell and photovoltaic module

CN120512953BCN 120512953 BCN120512953 BCN 120512953BCN-120512953-B

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaics. The solar cell comprises a cell body, wherein the cell body comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, a grid line formed on the first surface and diffusion belts formed on two sides of the grid line, and the diffusion belts comprise nano particles. The nanoparticles are microscopic particles of nanometer magnitude, and the formation of the nanoparticles can increase the scattering area of the diffusion zone region. The nano particles are uniformly distributed in the diffusion zone region, and after long-wave light irradiated to the solar cell from the second surface passes through the semiconductor substrate, part of the light is reflected back to the semiconductor substrate by the nano particles for secondary utilization, so that the absorption and utilization rate of the long-wave light is improved, the current Jsc is further improved, and the efficiency is also improved.

Inventors

  • HE BO
  • LV WENFENG
  • LI PENG
  • DU MEIQING
  • LIU TONG

Assignees

  • 隆基绿能科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250311

Claims (15)

  1. 1. The solar cell is characterized by comprising a cell body, a grid line and diffusion strips, wherein the cell body comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the grid line is formed on the first surface, the diffusion strips are formed on two sides of the grid line, and the diffusion strips comprise nano particles; the diffusion strip is formed on the first surface; The nano particles contain metal elements which are at least partially the same as conductive metal elements in the grid line, wherein the conductive metal elements comprise at least one of silver, copper and aluminum; the particle size of the nano particles is 50 nm-150 nm; The gate line includes a fine gate extending in a first direction, the fine gate having a width of 30 μm to 130 μm, and/or the diffusion strap located on either side of the fine gate having a width of 30 μm to 200 μm.
  2. 2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles are selected from one or more of copper particles, copper oxide particles, cuprous oxide particles, and copper particles coated with copper oxide and/or cuprous oxide.
  3. 3. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the nanoparticles have a distribution density of 1-100/μm 2 .
  4. 4. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the grid lines comprise an organic material and the diffusion strip comprises one or more of a plurality of organic materials within the grid lines.
  5. 5. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first surface has a textured structure on which the gate lines and the diffusion strips are formed, and/or wherein the first surface has a textured structure and a transparent conductive layer formed on the textured structure on which the gate lines and the diffusion strips are formed.
  6. 6. The solar cell of claim 5, wherein the textured structure comprises a pyramid-shaped structure and/or an inverted pyramid-shaped structure; the height of the pyramid-shaped structures and/or inverted pyramids is less than or equal to 5 μm.
  7. 7. The solar cell according to claim 6, wherein the width of the fine grid is 60-130 μm and/or the width of the diffusion strips on either side of the fine grid is 60-200 μm.
  8. 8. The solar cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein at least a portion of the first surface is a polished surface, the grid lines and the diffusion strip being formed on the polished surface.
  9. 9. The solar cell according to claim 8, wherein the grid lines comprise fine grids extending in a first direction, wherein the fine grids have a width of 30-100 μm, and/or wherein the diffusion strips located on either side of the fine grids have a width of 30-60 μm.
  10. 10. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a height of the grid line to a width thereof is 0.2 to 0.6.
  11. 11. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the grid lines comprise copper powder and a resin; the resin includes at least one of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, and a phenolic resin.
  12. 12. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the first surface of the cell body comprises a first region and a second region, wherein the cell body comprises a first semiconductor layer formed at least in the first region and a second semiconductor layer formed at least in the second region, and wherein the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer are opposite in conductivity type; The grid line comprises a first polar grid line and a second polar grid line, wherein the first polar grid line is located in a first area and is electrically connected with the first semiconductor layer, and the second polar grid line is located in a second area and is electrically connected with the second semiconductor layer.
  13. 13. The solar cell of claim 12, wherein the diffusion strips on both sides of the first polarity grid line are spaced more than 1 μm from the edge of the first region and the diffusion strips on both sides of the second polarity grid line are spaced more than 5 μm from the edge of the second region.
  14. 14. The solar cell according to claim 12, wherein the first semiconductor layer comprises doped polysilicon, and/or the second semiconductor layer comprises one or more of doped amorphous silicon, doped microcrystalline silicon, doped nano-silicon, doped polysilicon, and/or the solar cell further comprises a second interface passivation layer at least between the second semiconductor layer and a semiconductor substrate of the solar cell, and/or the solar cell further comprises a transparent conductive layer covering a side of the first and second semiconductor layers facing away from the semiconductor substrate of the solar cell.
  15. 15. A photovoltaic module comprising at least one solar cell according to any one of claims 1-14 and an encapsulation layer.

Description

Solar cell and photovoltaic module Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Currently, solar cells are increasingly used as new energy alternatives. Among them, a photovoltaic solar cell is a device that converts solar light energy into electric energy. Specifically, the solar cell generates carriers by utilizing the photovoltaic principle, and then the carriers are led out by using the electrodes, so that the electric energy can be effectively utilized. In the process of manufacturing electrode grid lines of solar cells, the grid lines are generally formed by printing or laser transfer printing with paste, and then drying and solidifying the paste, wherein the paste can contain conductive particles such as silver, copper, aluminum and the like. When light is irradiated to the solar cell, particularly to the thin-sheet solar cell, light having a long wavelength passes through the semiconductor substrate, i.e., light having a long wavelength is not absorbed by the semiconductor substrate, resulting in waste. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a solar cell and a photovoltaic module so as to improve the light absorption and utilization rate. In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a solar cell includes a cell body including opposite first and second surfaces, a grid line formed on the first surface, and diffusion strips formed on both sides of the grid line, the diffusion strips including nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are microscopic particles of nanometer magnitude, and the formation of the nanoparticles can increase the scattering area of the diffusion zone region. The nano particles are uniformly distributed in the diffusion zone region, and after long-wave light irradiated to the solar cell from the second surface passes through the semiconductor substrate, part of the light is reflected back to the semiconductor substrate by the nano particles for secondary utilization, so that the absorption and utilization rate of the long-wave light is improved, the current Jsc is further improved, and the efficiency is also improved. In one implementation, the nanoparticles contain a metal element that is at least partially the same as the conductive metal element within the gate line; Preferably, the conductive metal element includes at least one of silver, copper, and aluminum. When the conductive metal element is the same as the metal element portion of the nano-particles, the nano-particles can be simultaneously applied to the solar cell when the gate line is prepared, so that the preparation process of the solar cell is reduced. In one implementation, the nanoparticles are selected from one or more of copper particles, copper oxide particles, cuprous oxide particles, and copper particles coated with copper oxide and/or cuprous oxide. When the nano particles comprise the particles containing copper, the processing cost of the solar cell can be reduced while the performance of the solar cell is ensured. In one implementation, the particle size of the nanoparticles is 50 nm-150 nm, so that the reflectivity of light passing through the semiconductor substrate and reflected back to the semiconductor substrate by the nanoparticles can be ensured, and the absorption and utilization rate of the light can be further improved. In one implementation, the distribution density of the nanoparticles is 1-100/μm 2, so that the nanoparticles can reflect light passing through the semiconductor substrate in each square micron, and the absorption and utilization rate of the light at each position of the first surface can be further improved. In one implementation, the gate line contains an organic material and the diffusion strip includes one or more of a plurality of organic materials within the gate line. The organic matter has better viscosity, can improve the adhesive force of the nano particles on the first surface, and prevent the nano particles from separating from the first surface. In one implementation, the gate line includes a thin gate extending along a first direction; The width of the fine grid is 30-130 mu m, so that the shielding area of the fine grid is reduced, the too high resistivity of the fine grid is prevented, and the collection and transmission efficiency of current is influenced, and/or the width of the diffusion strips positioned on any side of the fine grid is 30-200 mu m, so that the mutual influence between the adjacent fine grids caused by the too wide diffusion strips on the two sides of the fine grid is prevented, the abnormal printing problem during printing is reduced, the moderate width of the diffusion strips 2 is ensured, and the adhesive force of the fine grid on the first surface is improved. In the back contact cell structure, it is also possible to avoid the situation where the diffusion strip 2 e