CN-120562073-B - Machine tool structure optimization method, device and medium

CN120562073BCN 120562073 BCN120562073 BCN 120562073BCN-120562073-B

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machine tool structure optimization, in particular to a machine tool structure optimization method, a device and a medium, which comprise the steps of establishing a machine tool parameterized simulation model which has structural variable parameters, wherein the structural variable parameters comprise lathe bed size variable parameters; determining a first variable range of the structural variable parameters, wherein each structural variable parameter meets a preset limiting condition, carrying out parameterized simulation analysis by taking a preset weight index and a preset rigidity index as optimization targets, and outputting a first numerical value of the structural variable parameter under the condition that an optimization result is optimal, wherein the first numerical value of the size variable parameter of the machine body is a final optimization value. The application adopts a parameterized modeling technology, parameterizes the variable of the size of the lathe bed, sets reasonable variable range and constraint conditions, takes a preset weight index and a preset rigidity index as optimization targets, adopts parameterized simulation analysis means to design the size of the lathe bed, realizes balance optimization of weight and structural rigidity, and solves the resonance problem.

Inventors

WANG YUWEI
WU DONGXU
QI LI
ZHU SHENGGEN
CAO CHENGGUO
LI XIAOYU

Assignees

通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20250528

Claims (19)

1. A method for optimizing a machine tool structure, comprising: Establishing a machine tool parameterized simulation model, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model is provided with structural variable parameters, and the structural variable parameters comprise lathe bed size variable parameters; Determining a first variable range of each structural variable parameter, wherein preset limiting conditions are met among the structural variable parameters, the structural variable parameters are subjected to parameterized simulation analysis by using the machine tool parameterized simulation model by taking a preset weight index and a preset rigidity index as optimization targets, and a first numerical value of the structural variable parameters under the condition that an optimization result is optimal is output, and the first numerical value of the machine tool dimension variable parameters is a final optimization value; The machine tool parameterized simulation model has a motion variable parameter, the structure variable parameter further comprises a layout variable parameter, the first value of the structure variable parameter comprises the first value of the layout variable parameter, and the machine tool structure optimization method further comprises: Determining a variable range of the motion variable parameter, determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on a first numerical value of the layout variable parameter, wherein the first variable range of the layout variable parameter meets the preset limiting condition, the preset stiffness index is used as an optimization target, the parameterized simulation model is used for carrying out parameterized simulation analysis on the layout variable parameter and the motion variable parameter, and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter under the condition that the preset stiffness index is optimal is output; and determining a third variable range of the layout variable parameters based on the first numerical value of the layout variable parameters and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameters, wherein the preset limiting conditions are met among the layout variable parameters, the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters are subjected to parameterized simulation analysis by using the machine tool parameterized simulation model with the preset stiffness index as an optimization target, and the third numerical value of the layout variable parameters under the condition that the preset stiffness index is optimal is output, and the third numerical value of the layout variable parameters is a final optimization value.
2. The machine tool configuration optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the preset weight index includes a bed weight of the machine tool.
3. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the preset stiffness index comprises at least one of a maximum deformation of a machine tool body in a Y direction, a stress value of the machine tool body, a strain value of the machine tool body, and a first-order natural frequency of the machine tool body, and the Y direction is a gravity direction.
4. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 3, wherein the preset stiffness index is the maximum deformation of the machine tool body in the Y direction, and is optimal when the maximum deformation of the machine tool body in the Y direction is minimum; Or the preset stiffness index is the stress value of the lathe bed, and when the stress value of the lathe bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal; or the preset stiffness index is the strain value of the lathe bed, and when the strain value of the lathe bed is minimum, the preset stiffness index is optimal; Or the preset stiffness index is the first-order natural frequency of the lathe bed, and when the first-order natural frequency of the lathe bed is highest, the preset stiffness index is optimal.
5. A machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 3, wherein the preset stiffness index includes at least one of a maximum deformation amount of a bed of the machine tool in a Y direction, a stress value of the bed, and a strain value of the bed, and the optimization result optimally includes: The preset weight index is minimum and the preset stiffness index is minimum; Or, the weighted sum of the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index is minimal.
6. A machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 3, wherein the preset stiffness index comprises a first order natural frequency of the machine tool body, and the optimization result comprises: the preset weight index is minimum and the preset stiffness index is maximum.
7. The machine tool configuration optimization method of claim 1, wherein the determining the second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter comprises: And taking the first numerical value of the layout variable parameter as a center point, and empirically determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter.
8. The machine tool configuration optimization method of claim 1, wherein the determining the third variable range of the layout variable parameter based on the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter comprises: And determining a third variable range of the layout variable parameter by taking the larger value of the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter as the upper limit value of the third variable range and taking the smaller value of the first value of the layout variable parameter and the second value of the layout variable parameter as the lower limit value of the third variable range.
9. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model comprises a machine tool body, and a first rail member, a second rail member and four support members mounted to the machine tool body, the machine tool body comprising an upper machine tool body portion and a lower machine tool body portion; The distance between the outer edge of the support assembly along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper lathe bed part along the Z direction is P1, the distance between the outer edge of the first guide rail part along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper lathe bed part along the Z direction is P2, the distance between the edges of the first guide rail part and the second guide rail part along the Z direction, which are close to each other, is P3, the distance between the outer edge of the second guide rail part along the Z direction and the corresponding outer edge of the upper lathe bed part along the Z direction is P4, and the layout variable parameters comprise P1, P2, P3 and P4, and the Z direction is a direction perpendicular to the Y direction.
10. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 9, wherein the dimension of the upper bed portion along the X direction is P5, the dimension of the lower bed portion along the X direction is P6, the dimension of the upper bed portion along the Y direction is P7, the dimension of the lower bed portion along the Y direction is P8, the dimension of the upper bed portion and the lower bed portion along the Z direction is P9, and the bed dimension variable parameters include P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, and the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.
11. The machine tool structure optimizing method according to claim 10, wherein the first rail member and the second rail member each include a guide portion, and a sliding portion slidably mounted to the guide portion, distances between edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion that are adjacent to each other in the X direction are P10, P13, respectively, distances between edges of the sliding portion and the guide portion that are adjacent to each other in the Z direction are P11, P12, respectively, and the motion variable parameters include P10, P11, P12, P13.
12. The machine tool structure optimizing method according to claim 11, wherein a dimension of the guide portion in the first rail member in the X direction and a dimension of the guide portion in the second rail member in the Z direction are L1, a dimension of the guide portion in the first rail member in the Z direction and a dimension of the guide portion in the second rail member in the X direction are W1, a dimension of the support assembly in the Z direction is L2, a dimension of the support assembly in the X direction is W2, a dimension of the slide portion in the first rail member in the X direction and a dimension of the slide portion in the second rail member in the Z direction are L3, and a dimension of a center of a spindle member and an upper surface of the upper bed portion in the Y direction are H; the preset limiting conditions include: (H+P7)/(P9-2×P1-L2)≤1:2 (H+P7)/(P5+W2)≤1:2 P2+P4+W1+P3+L1≤P9 L1≤P5。
13. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 12, wherein the preset limiting conditions further comprise that P9-2×P1-2×L2 is more than or equal to 500mm.
14. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 12, wherein the variable range of the motion variable parameter is 0 to (L1-L3).
15. The machine tool configuration optimization method of claim 11, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model further comprises a spindle component and a tool block component, the slide of the first rail component being slidably coupled to the spindle component and the slide of the second rail component being slidably coupled to the tool block component; in the parametric simulation analysis of the structural variable parameter by using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset weight index and the preset stiffness index as optimization targets, the first rail component, the second rail component, the spindle component and the tool rest component in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, the weights of the first rail component and the spindle component are loaded in a region S1 for mounting the first rail component in the upper bed portion, and the weights of the second rail component and the tool rest component are loaded in a region S2 for mounting the second rail component in the upper bed portion.
16. The machine tool configuration optimization method of claim 11, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model further comprises a spindle component and a tool block component, the slide of the first rail component being slidably coupled to the spindle component and the slide of the second rail component being slidably coupled to the tool block component; In the parametric simulation analysis of the layout variable parameter and the motion variable parameter using the machine tool parametric simulation model with the preset stiffness index as an optimization target, the spindle part and the tool rest part in the machine tool parametric simulation model are suppressed, the weight of the spindle part is loaded in a region for mounting the spindle part in the sliding portion of the first rail part, and the weight of the tool rest part is loaded in a region for mounting the tool rest part in the sliding portion of the second rail part.
17. The machine tool structure optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model is built based on a machine tool parameterized geometric model, the machine tool structure optimization method further comprising: and correcting the machine tool parameterized geometric model according to the first numerical value of the machine tool dimension variable parameter and the third numerical value of the layout variable parameter.
18. A machine tool structure optimizing apparatus, comprising: A processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; Wherein the processor is configured to perform the machine tool structure optimization method of any one of claims 1-17 via execution of the executable instructions.
19. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the machine tool construction optimization method according to any one of claims 1-17.

Description

Machine tool structure optimization method, device and medium Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of machine tool structure optimization, in particular to a machine tool structure optimization method, a machine tool structure optimization device and a machine tool structure optimization medium. Background The lathe bed of the ultra-precise lathe of related art uses natural marble material, natural marble material's heat stability is good, but the elastic modulus is little, and is friable, be limited by material characteristic, natural marble's processing shape is generally square or rectangle, can't carry out the material removal at will according to the design requirement with natural marble, in order to reduce the deformation that lathe bed load arouses simultaneously, improve quiet rigidity, generally with lathe bed overall structure size design great, lathe bed weight is too high, the lathe bed mesa planarization is relatively poor under the influence of self weight and load, can increase the processing cost when wasting the material yet. When the weight of the machine body is large and the weight of the whole machine is too high, the dynamic vibration resistance of the whole machine is reduced, and particularly the first-order natural frequency of the whole machine is too low, and the vibration in the external environment and the machining process easily causes the resonance of the whole machine system of the machine tool. Disclosure of Invention The application aims to provide a machine tool structure optimization method, a machine tool structure optimization device and a machine tool structure optimization medium, and solves the problem that a machine tool is easy to resonate. In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a machine tool structure optimization method, which comprises the following steps: Establishing a machine tool parameterized simulation model, wherein the machine tool parameterized simulation model is provided with structural variable parameters, and the structural variable parameters comprise lathe bed size variable parameters; determining a first variable range of each structural variable parameter, wherein preset limiting conditions are met among the structural variable parameters, the structural variable parameters are subjected to parameterization simulation analysis by using the machine tool parameterization simulation model by taking a preset weight index and a preset rigidity index as optimization targets, a first numerical value of the structural variable parameters under the condition that an optimization result is optimal is output, and the first numerical value of the machine tool dimension variable parameters is a final optimization value. Optionally, the machine tool parameterized simulation model has a motion variable parameter, the structure variable parameter further includes a layout variable parameter, the first value of the structure variable parameter includes the first value of the layout variable parameter, and the machine tool structure optimization method further includes: Determining a variable range of the motion variable parameter, determining a second variable range of the layout variable parameter based on a first numerical value of the layout variable parameter, wherein the first variable range of the layout variable parameter meets the preset limiting condition, the preset stiffness index is used as an optimization target, the parameterized simulation model is used for carrying out parameterized simulation analysis on the layout variable parameter and the motion variable parameter, and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameter under the condition that the preset stiffness index is optimal is output; and determining a third variable range of the layout variable parameters based on the first numerical value of the layout variable parameters and the second numerical value of the layout variable parameters, wherein the preset limiting conditions are met among the layout variable parameters, the layout variable parameters and the motion variable parameters are subjected to parameterized simulation analysis by using the machine tool parameterized simulation model with the preset stiffness index as an optimization target, and the third numerical value of the layout variable parameters under the condition that the preset stiffness index is optimal is output, and the third numerical value of the layout variable parameters is a final optimization value. Optionally, the preset weight index includes a bed weight of the machine tool. Optionally, the preset stiffness index includes at least one of a maximum deformation of a machine tool body in a Y direction, a stress value of the machine tool body, a strain value of the machine tool body, and a first order natural frequency of the machine tool body, wherein the Y direction is a gravity direction. Optionally, the preset stiffness index is the maximu