CN-120651821-B - Novel transparent soil model test device for simulating pipe curtain tunnel excavation and test method thereof

CN120651821BCN 120651821 BCN120651821 BCN 120651821BCN-120651821-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel transparent soil model test device for simulating pipe curtain tunnel excavation and a test method thereof, the device comprises an excavation power system for dragging the temporary tunnel structure, a model groove, a pipe curtain model, a simulated tunnel structure, an acquisition system for acquiring dynamic deformation images of the speckle field and an image processing device for acquiring the three-dimensional deformation field of the transparent soil foundation. The model groove is of a T-shaped box structure and comprises a test area arranged on a base and a connecting area arranged in a suspending mode. The simulated tunnel structure is placed in the test area and comprises a temporary tunnel structure with hollow inside and two open ends and an arched cylinder and a tunnel model which is arranged in the temporary tunnel structure and is in a solid arched cylinder shape. The pipe curtain model is an arched pipe row formed by bonding acrylic bars and is arranged above the temporary tunnel structure. According to the invention, the arch-shaped sleeve is used for simulating an arch-shaped tunnel structure, so that soil disturbance can be avoided, the stable tunnel section is maintained, and the actual engineering state of tunnel excavation is truly restored.

Inventors

YANG WENYU
YANG HONGBO
XIAO XIAO
WANG ZENGLIANG
ZHOU HANG
ZHANG WENGANG
Tan Hemeng
WANG LUQI
Qiao Longjiang
LIU YUMEI

Assignees

重庆大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20250619

Claims (10)

1. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation is characterized by comprising a test cabin (1), an excavation power system (3), a base (4), a model groove (8), a pipe curtain model (9), a simulated tunnel structure (10), an acquisition system and an image processing device (11); The model groove (8) is of a T-shaped box structure and comprises a test area (81) arranged on the base (4) and a connecting area (82) arranged in a suspending manner; the test area (81) and the connecting area (82) are of hexahedral structures with hollow interiors and open top surfaces, and the end surfaces of the connecting area (82) close to the test area (81) and one side far away from the test area (81) are open surfaces; The inner cavity of the test area (81) is communicated with the inner cavity of the connecting area (82), a movable plate (801) is detachably arranged at the communication position, and a prefabricated hole (802) is formed in the movable plate (801); the simulated tunnel structure (10) is placed in a model groove test area (81) and comprises a temporary tunnel structure (1001) and a tunnel model (1002); The temporary tunnel structure (1001) is an arch cylinder structure with hollow inside and open two ends, and a tunnel model (1002) in a solid arch cylinder shape is arranged in the inner cavity; The length of the temporary tunnel structure (1001) is larger than the length of the tunnel model (1002) and larger than the width of the model groove test area (81), so that one end of the temporary tunnel structure (1001) penetrates through the prefabricated hole (802) and stretches into the connecting area (82); The pipe curtain model (9) is an arched pipe row formed by bonding acrylic bars and is arranged above the temporary tunnel structure (1001); transparent soil is paved in the model groove test area (81) and between the pipe curtain model (9) and the temporary tunnel structure (1001); the excavation power system (3) comprises a control console (301) and a shaft lever (302); the control console (301) is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the shaft lever; The shaft lever (302) is positioned in the model groove connecting area (82), one end of the shaft lever is connected with the control console (301), and the other end of the shaft lever is clamped on the end wall of the temporary tunnel structure (1001) and is used for pulling the temporary tunnel structure (1001) to move towards the direction of the control console (301) until the tunnel model (1002) is separated from the temporary tunnel structure (1001) and is contacted with transparent soil; the acquisition system comprises a CCD industrial camera (6) and a laser (7); the laser (7) is used for emitting laser and forming a speckle tangential plane in the transparent soil; the CCD industrial camera (6) is used for synchronously acquiring dynamic deformation images of the speckle field; the image processing device (11) is used for converting the image into displacement or strain data so as to acquire a three-dimensional deformation field of the transparent soil foundation in the process of excavating the tunnel; the excavation power system (3), the model groove (8) and the acquisition system are all positioned in the test cabin (1).
2. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the base (4) is of a frame structure.
3. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that the acquisition system comprises four fixed rods (2), a camera base (5), three CCD industrial cameras (6) and two lasers (7); The four side surfaces of the model groove test area (81) are sequentially marked as a surface A, a surface B, a surface C and a surface D, wherein the surface A is an end surface close to one side of the connecting area (82), and the surface C is an end surface far away from one side of the connecting area (82); the fixing rod (2) is arranged in the test cabin (1) and is positioned on one side of the surface of the top surface, the surface B, the surface C and the surface D of the test area (81), wherein the fixing rod (2) positioned on the top surface is vertically connected with the fixing rod (2) positioned on the surface C; A laser (7) is arranged on the fixed rod (2) positioned on the top surface and the surface D; a CCD industrial camera (6) is arranged on the fixed rod (2) positioned on the surface B and the surface C; the camera base (5) is arranged inside the base (4), and a CCD industrial camera (6) is fixed above the base.
4. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, which is characterized in that the base (4), the model groove (8), the pipe curtain model (9) and the simulated tunnel structure (10) are made of transparent materials.
5. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the refractive indexes of the transparent soil are the same as those of the base (4), the model groove (8) and the simulated tunnel structure (10).
6. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the prefabricated hole (802) is matched with the outer contour of the simulated tunnel structure (10).
7. The novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the arc of the arch of the pipe curtain model (9) is matched with the arc of the arch of the simulated tunnel structure (10).
8. A novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein the length of the tunnel model (1002) is equal to the width of the model groove test zone (81).
9. The device for testing the model of the transparent soil for simulating tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein one end, away from the shaft rod, of the temporary tunnel structure (1001) and the tunnel model (1002) is contacted with the side wall of the model groove test area (81) before the test starts.
10. A test method based on the novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, determining the design height of transparent soil, the burial depth of a pipe curtain model (9) and the structural dimensions of a model groove (8), the pipe curtain model (9) and a simulated tunnel structure (10) based on an actual tunnel environment; S2, cleaning the model groove (8) by using alcohol; S3, fixing the cleaned model groove (8) on the base (4), and calibrating the levelness of the model groove (8) through a laser level; S4, placing the simulated tunnel structure (10) in the model groove (8), and enabling one end of the temporary tunnel structure (1001) to penetrate through the prefabricated hole (802) and extend into the connecting area (82) to be connected with the shaft rod (302) of the excavation power system (3); s5, paving transparent soil in the model groove test area (81), placing a pipe curtain model (9) above the temporary tunnel structure (1001) until the transparent soil reaches the designed height, and then continuously paving the transparent soil until the burial depth of the pipe curtain model (9) is met; S6, transferring the model groove (8) assembled with the simulated tunnel structure (10), the pipe curtain model (9) and the transparent soil into a vacuum box, sealing the vacuum box, pumping out air until all bubbles in the transparent soil are discharged, and then transferring the model groove (8) into the test cabin (1); S7, debugging the CCD industrial camera (6) and the laser (7) and installing the CCD industrial camera (6) and the laser (7) on the fixer (2), and opening the CCD industrial camera (6) and the laser (7); S8, according to test requirements, the temporary tunnel structure (101) is pulled to horizontally move by the excavation power system (3) so that the tunnel model (102) is in contact with transparent soil; when the speckle section is stable, shooting is carried out by using a CCD industrial camera (6), and the position of a laser (7) is adjusted to obtain transparent soil section images at different positions; s9, processing the test image by using the PIV technology to obtain a displacement vector diagram of each section of the tunnel, thereby obtaining the related law of deformation of soil around the tunnel.

Description

Novel transparent soil model test device for simulating pipe curtain tunnel excavation and test method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction, in particular to a novel transparent soil model test device for simulating pipe curtain tunnel excavation and a test method thereof. Background The traditional tunnel excavation model test mostly adopts natural soil body, has technical bottlenecks that internal deformation can not be visualized, a sensor is buried in disturbance soil body and the like, and is difficult to accurately capture a three-dimensional deformation field near an excavation surface. The transparent soil technology simulates the mechanical characteristics of a natural soil body by mixing transparent particles with pore liquid with matched refractive indexes, and utilizes a laser speckle field and an industrial camera to shoot, so that the combination technology can dynamically capture the displacement and strain distribution inside the soil body in a non-contact manner, visually present the three-dimensional deformation trend of a tunnel excavation disturbance zone, and provide visual data support for the research of surrounding rock deformation mechanism. Although the transparent soil technology can realize the observation of the deformation inside the soil body, the prior device has the remarkable defects that a tunnel model is mostly of a horizontal propulsion structure and cannot restore a real vertical stress field, laser speckle monitoring is limited to single-section two-dimensional analysis and lacks the capability of three-dimensional field synchronous measurement, and meanwhile, the cooperative adaptation of the fine modeling of pipe curtain support and a transparent soil filling process is not effectively solved, so that the research on the deformation rule of surrounding rock under the complex working condition is restricted. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a novel transparent soil model test device for simulating tunnel excavation, which comprises a test cabin, an excavation power system, a base, a model groove, a pipe curtain model, a simulated tunnel structure, an acquisition system and an image processing device. The model groove is of a T-shaped box structure and comprises a test area arranged on a base and a connecting area arranged in a suspending mode. The test area and the connecting area are of hexahedral structures with hollow interiors and open top surfaces, and the end surfaces of the connecting area, which are close to the test area, and one side, which is far away from the test area, are open surfaces. The inner cavity of the test area is communicated with the inner cavity of the connection area, a movable plate is detachably arranged at the communication position, and a prefabricated hole is formed in the movable plate. The simulated tunnel structure is placed in a model groove test area and comprises a temporary tunnel structure and a tunnel model. The temporary tunnel structure is an arch cylinder structure with a hollow interior and two open ends, and a tunnel model in a solid arch cylinder shape is arranged in the inner cavity. The length of the temporary tunnel structure is greater than that of the tunnel model and greater than the width of the model groove test area, so that one end of the temporary tunnel structure penetrates through the prefabricated hole and stretches into the connecting area. The pipe curtain model is an arched pipe row formed by bonding acrylic bars and is arranged above the temporary tunnel structure. Transparent soil is paved in the model groove test area and between the pipe curtain model and the temporary tunnel structure. The excavation power system includes a console and a shaft. The console is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the shaft lever. The shaft rod is positioned in the model groove connecting area, one end of the shaft rod is connected with the control console, and the other end of the shaft rod is clamped on the end wall of the temporary tunnel structure and used for pulling the temporary tunnel structure to move towards the direction where the control console is located until the tunnel model is separated from the temporary tunnel structure and is contacted with transparent soil. The acquisition system comprises a CCD industrial camera and a laser. The laser is used for emitting laser and forming a speckle tangential plane in the transparent soil. The CCD industrial camera is used for synchronously collecting dynamic deformation images of the speckle field. The image processing device is used for converting the image into displacement or strain data so as to acquire a three-dimensional deformation field of the transparent soil foundation in the tunnel excavation process. The excavation power system, the model groove and the acquisition system are all positioned in the test cabin. Further, the base is of a frame structure. Further