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CN-120813129-B - Solar cell and photovoltaic module

CN120813129BCN 120813129 BCN120813129 BCN 120813129BCN-120813129-B

Abstract

The application provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductors. The solar cell comprises a silicon substrate, wherein the surface of the silicon substrate comprises a plurality of first concave regions, a plurality of first convex regions and a plurality of second convex regions, the first concave regions extend in a strip shape along a first direction and are distributed at intervals along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the first convex regions are adjacent to the first concave regions. The first concave area and the first convex area on the surface of the silicon substrate form a first texture structure, so that the light trapping effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the corner structure of the traditional tower foundation structure is absent, the film layer is more uniformly deposited on the silicon substrate, and the quality of the deposited film layer is improved.

Inventors

  • DONG GUANGBIN
  • DING CHAO
  • LI WENQIANG
  • TONG HONGBO

Assignees

  • 隆基绿能科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250618
Priority Date
20250307

Claims (20)

  1. 1. A solar cell comprising a silicon substrate, wherein the silicon substrate comprises two opposing surfaces, at least one surface having a first texture thereon, the first texture comprising: A plurality of first recessed areas; a plurality of first raised regions adjacent to the first recessed regions; A first sidewall between the first recessed region and the first raised region, the first sidewall having a pleat; And a gentle slope adjacent to the first side wall, wherein the surface of the gentle slope is provided with a gentle hill stripe, and the gentle hill stripe and the fold part are intersected or are different.
  2. 2. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first recessed regions each extend in a stripe-shape along a first direction, and the plurality of first recessed regions are spaced apart along a second direction intersecting the first direction.
  3. 3. The solar cell of claim 2, wherein the first recessed region has a protrusion extending in the second direction, the first recessed region being separated into a multi-segment structure by the protrusion.
  4. 4. The solar cell according to claim 3, wherein the multi-segment structure is at least one of bamboo-shaped and sugarcoated haws-shaped; and/or the projection of the convex part on the first concave area is at least one of crossed, linear and curved.
  5. 5. The solar cell of claim 3 or 4, wherein the height of the protrusion is lower than the height of the first raised region adjacent to the protrusion.
  6. 6. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least part of the first recessed areas have first pits distributed in a point-like manner along a first direction; And/or at least part of the first concave areas are provided with at least one second concave pit, the second concave pit is in a cross shape, a linear shape or a groove shape or a combination of more than one of the cross shapes, and/or the first concave areas are in a V shape, an arc shape, a rectangle shape or a trapezoid shape or a combination of more than one of the cross shapes; And/or third pits intermittently distributed along the first direction are arranged at the connection position of the first concave area and the first convex area, and a bulge is arranged between every two adjacent third pits.
  7. 7. The solar cell according to claim 6, wherein the number of the first pits in one of the first concave areas is 1 to 30, and/or the number of the second pits is smaller than the number of the first pits.
  8. 8. The solar cell according to claim 2, wherein a pitch of adjacent first protruding regions in the second direction is 1-10 μm, and a depth of the first recessed region is 0.2-2 μm; and/or the distance between two adjacent first concave areas is 2-10 μm; and/or the number of the first concave areas is 3-20 along the second direction within the width range of 100 mu m.
  9. 9. The solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the silicon substrate further comprises at least one crack randomly distributed on the surface of the silicon substrate.
  10. 10. The solar cell according to claim 2, wherein a projection of the first convex region in a surface extending direction of the silicon substrate is at least one of straight line, folded line, curved, sugar gourd-shaped, and dot-shaped.
  11. 11. The solar cell of claim 2, wherein the surface of the silicon substrate further comprises a second texture comprising a second recessed region comprising a plurality of sub-recessed structures distributed in a non-linear shape; the depth of the second concave region is smaller than that of the first concave region.
  12. 12. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the wrinkled portion includes a plurality of layered structures protruding from the first sidewall, the plurality of layered structures being stacked in a linear lateral texture in a thickness direction of the silicon substrate; And/or the fold portion includes a plurality of dot-like projections stacked in a scaly projection structure on the first side wall; And/or, the first side wall further comprises a plurality of steps stacked in a stepped structure along the thickness direction of the silicon substrate.
  13. 13. The solar cell of claim 12, wherein an extension of the layered structure in a direction along the silicon substrate surface is greater than a thickness of the layered structure; and/or the height of the scaly bulge structure bulge in the direction far away from the first side wall is 0.1-1 mu m.
  14. 14. The solar cell of claim 12, wherein the hillock stripes intersect or are out of plane with the linear lateral textures.
  15. 15. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein a slope angle of the first sidewall is greater than a slope angle of a surface of the gentle slope; And/or, the slope angle of the first side wall is greater than or equal to 25 degrees and less than or equal to 75 degrees, and the slope angle of the surface of the gentle slope is less than 25 degrees and greater than 2 degrees.
  16. 16. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein a portion of the first recessed region or the first raised region is island-shaped and the first sidewall extends in a ring shape or a C-shape.
  17. 17. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first sidewall further has a first sidewall furcation structure disposed thereon, the first sidewall furcation structure including a first sub-sidewall extending from the first sidewall into the first recessed region; and/or, the first side wall is further provided with a second side wall bifurcation structure, and the second side wall bifurcation structure comprises a second sub side wall extending from the first side wall towards the inside of the first protruding region.
  18. 18. The solar cell of claim 17, wherein the first and/or second sub-side wall has a plurality of dot-like protrusions, a plurality of layered structures and/or a plurality of steps, respectively.
  19. 19. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein one side of the first recessed region is adjacent to one of the first sidewalls, the other side is adjacent to the other of the first sidewalls, or is adjacent to a gentle slope.
  20. 20. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the surface of the silicon substrate further comprises a second texture; the flatness of the second texture structure is larger than that of the first side wall and smaller than that of the first concave area.

Description

Solar cell and photovoltaic module Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background In the process of producing solar cells, it is generally necessary to perform an alkali polishing treatment on a silicon substrate to obtain a polished surface of a conventional tower-based structure having corners. The morphology of the polished surface influences the quality of a film layer deposited on the polished surface on one hand, so that the passivation effect is influenced, and on the other hand, the light trapping effect is also influenced, so that the light utilization rate of the solar cell is influenced. Thus, polishing of the silicon substrate has an important influence on the efficiency of the solar cell. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present application provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module for at least partially solving at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: according to an embodiment of one aspect of the present application, there is provided a solar cell comprising a silicon substrate, wherein the silicon substrate comprises two opposite surfaces, at least one of the surfaces has a first texture comprising a plurality of first recessed regions and a plurality of first raised regions adjacent to the first recessed regions. According to an embodiment of the present application, each of the first recess regions extends in a stripe shape along a first direction, and the plurality of first recess regions are spaced apart along a second direction intersecting the first direction. According to an embodiment of the present application, the first concave region has a convex portion extending in the second direction, and the first concave region is divided into a multi-stage structure by the convex portion. According to the embodiment of the application, the multi-section structure is at least one of bamboo-shaped and sugarcoated haws-shaped, and/or the projection of the convex part on the first concave area is at least one of crossed shape, straight line shape and curve shape. According to an embodiment of the application, the height of the protrusion is lower than the height of the first raised area adjacent to the protrusion. According to the embodiment of the application, at least part of the first concave areas are provided with first pits which are distributed in a punctiform manner along a first direction, and/or at least part of the first concave areas are provided with at least one second pit which is in a cross-shaped, linear or groove shape or a combination of a plurality of cross-shaped, linear or groove shapes, and/or the cross-section of the first concave areas is in a V-shaped, arc-shaped, rectangular or trapezoid shape or a combination of a plurality of V-shaped, arc-shaped, rectangular or trapezoid shape, and/or third pits which are intermittently distributed along the first direction are arranged at the connecting position of the first concave areas and the first convex areas, and the bulges are arranged between the adjacent third pits. According to the embodiment of the application, the number of the first pits in one first concave area is 1-30, and/or the number of the second pits is smaller than that of the first pits. According to the embodiment of the application, the distance between the adjacent first convex areas in the second direction is 1-10 mu m, the depth of the first concave areas is 0.2-2 mu m, and/or the distance between the adjacent two first concave areas is 2-10 mu m, and/or the number of the first concave areas is 3-20 in the width range of 100 mu m along the second direction. According to an embodiment of the application, the surface of the silicon substrate further comprises at least one crack randomly distributed on the surface of the silicon substrate. According to an embodiment of the present application, the projection of the first bump area in the surface extending direction of the silicon substrate is at least one of straight line, folded line, curved shape, sugar gourd shape, and dot shape. According to the embodiment of the application, the surface of the silicon substrate further comprises a second texture structure, the second texture structure comprises a second concave region, the second concave region comprises a plurality of sub-concave structures which are distributed in a non-linear mode, and the depth of the second concave region is smaller than that of the first concave region. According to an embodiment of the present application, the first texture structure further includes a first sidewall located between the first concave region and the first convex region, and the first sidewall has a wrinkle portion. According to the embodiment of the application, the fold part comprises a plurality of layered structures pro