CN-120814902-B - Planning method, device and equipment for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation

CN120814902BCN 120814902 BCN120814902 BCN 120814902BCN-120814902-B

Abstract

The application relates to a planning method, a planning device and planning equipment for treating glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation. The method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling processing on image information of a target patient and a segmentation result of a tumor area according to the obtained image information in advance to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set, carrying out screening processing on the candidate optical fiber path set according to an optical fiber planning objective function and an optical fiber planning constraint condition to obtain an intermediate optical fiber path set, determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path set, determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score, and wherein the target optical fiber path set at least comprises position information corresponding to each target optical fiber path. The method can improve the tumor ablation rate and reduce the use of optical fibers.

Inventors

WANG GUANGZHI
ZHANG ZHICHENG
DING HUI

Assignees

清华大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250618

Claims (8)

1. A planning method for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling treatment on the image information of the target patient acquired in advance to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set; Screening the candidate optical fiber path set according to an optical fiber planning objective function and an optical fiber planning constraint condition to obtain an intermediate optical fiber path set, and preliminarily determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path set; Determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score, wherein the target optical fiber path set at least comprises position information corresponding to each target optical fiber path; the determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the optical fiber number required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score comprises: Substituting path information corresponding to the intermediate optical fiber paths into a pre-constructed path evaluation relation for each intermediate optical fiber path in the intermediate optical fiber path set to determine path evaluation scores of the intermediate optical fiber paths, wherein the path evaluation relation is used for representing the corresponding relation between the path evaluation scores and the path information; according to the path evaluation score, sorting each intermediate optical fiber path in the intermediate optical fiber path set to obtain a sorting result; Screening intermediate optical fiber path combinations of all feasible paths from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to a predetermined coverage matrix under the condition that the optical fiber quantity required by tumor ablation is not greater than a preset value; And screening the intermediate optical fiber paths of the optical fiber quantity required by tumor ablation from the intermediate optical fiber path combination according to the sequencing result, and determining the screened intermediate optical fiber paths as the target optical fiber path set.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining a set of target fiber paths from said set of intermediate fiber paths based on the number of fibers required for said tumor ablation and said sequencing result comprises: under the condition that the number of optical fibers required for tumor ablation is larger than a preset value, selecting an initial path of the number of optical fibers required for tumor ablation from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the sorting result; for each initial path, performing iterative optimization on the initial path by using a simulated annealing algorithm to obtain an intermediate path; and under the condition that the preset iteration times are met, selecting an optimal path from the initial path and the plurality of intermediate paths, and determining the optimal path as the target optical fiber path set.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein iteratively optimizing the initial path using a simulated annealing algorithm results in an intermediate path, comprising: The method comprises the steps of constructing a neighborhood path set of an initial path according to the initial path as a reference, wherein the neighborhood path set consists of paths distributed around the initial path in a three-dimensional space, and the neighborhood path set meets the condition that Euclidean distances between starting points of all neighborhood paths and starting points of the initial path are smaller than a first distance threshold value and Euclidean distances between end points of the neighborhood paths and end points of the initial path are smaller than a second distance threshold value; selecting the path with the largest number of coverage target treatment areas or the path with the smallest coverage variance of the paths from the neighborhood path set based on an equal probability selection strategy in the neighborhood path set to obtain candidate paths; and deleting the candidate paths under the condition that the coverage rate of the candidate paths to tumors is smaller than a preset coverage rate threshold, and evaluating the deleted candidate paths according to a pre-constructed energy function to obtain the intermediate paths, wherein the energy function comprises a path number item, a coverage variance related item and an overall ablation rate penalty item, the energy function is used for evaluating the optimization degree of the candidate paths, and the optimization goal of the energy function is to minimize the number of the paths and realize the spatial balanced distribution of the coverage area on the premise of meeting the clinical required ablation rate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining the number of optical fibers required for tumor ablation from said set of intermediate optical fiber paths comprises: Combining paths in the intermediate optical fiber path set based on path information corresponding to the intermediate optical fiber paths to obtain a plurality of path combinations; For each path combination, determining the number of optical fibers in the path combination as the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation under the condition that any two optical fiber paths in the path combination have no space conflict and meet the preset tumor area ablation coverage requirement.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: determining the minimum optical fiber path number under the condition that the tumor completely covers based on a pre-constructed Lagrange relaxation optimization model; And under the condition that the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation is consistent with the minimum number of optical fiber paths and the target optical fiber path set can realize complete coverage of a tumor area, judging the target optical fiber path set as an effective optical fiber path set.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: Modeling an ablation range corresponding to each target optical fiber path into a ellipsoid of revolution taking the target optical fiber path as a symmetry axis based on the spatial trend of the target optical fiber path; Acquiring a space intersection of the target optical fiber path and a tumor area as a corresponding target treatment area; Equidistant sampling is carried out along the path direction of the target optical fiber path to obtain a plurality of candidate ablation points, and a two-dimensional cross section perpendicular to the target optical fiber path is constructed at each candidate ablation point; calculating a furthest function of the candidate ablation points to a target treatment area in a cross section aiming at each candidate ablation point, wherein the furthest function is used for representing the maximum treatment requirement of the candidate ablation points in a local area; And iteratively selecting a target ablation point for forming a spheroid and a short axis radius corresponding to the target ablation point from a plurality of candidate ablation points based on the furthest distance function, so that the target treatment area is completely covered in the cross section direction, and the number of required optical fibers is minimum on the premise of meeting the coverage integrity.
7. A planning apparatus for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation, the apparatus comprising: the segmentation module is used for sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling processing on the image information of the target patient acquired in advance to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set; the screening module is used for screening the candidate optical fiber path set according to an optical fiber planning objective function and an optical fiber planning constraint condition to obtain an intermediate optical fiber path set, and preliminarily determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path set; The determining module is used for determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the optical fiber number required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score, wherein the target optical fiber path set at least comprises position information corresponding to each target optical fiber path; The determining module is specifically configured to, for each intermediate optical fiber path in the intermediate optical fiber path set, substitute path information corresponding to the intermediate optical fiber path into a pre-constructed path evaluation relation, and determine a path evaluation score of the intermediate optical fiber path; according to the path evaluation score, sorting each intermediate optical fiber path in the intermediate optical fiber path set to obtain a sorting result; Screening intermediate optical fiber path combinations of all feasible paths from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to a predetermined coverage matrix under the condition that the optical fiber quantity required by tumor ablation is not greater than a preset value; And screening the intermediate optical fiber paths of the optical fiber quantity required by tumor ablation from the intermediate optical fiber path combination according to the sequencing result, and determining the screened intermediate optical fiber paths as the target optical fiber path set.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed.

Description

Planning method, device and equipment for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a planning method, a planning device and planning equipment for treating glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation. Background Malignant gliomas are one of the most common central nervous system malignancies, with high-grade gliomas being difficult to treat, having a poor prognosis, and severely threatening human health. Currently, the preferred treatment is surgical excision. However, some patients are not suitable for craniotomy due to tumor recurrence or deep brain. In this case, magnetic resonance guided laser interstitial hyperthermia (LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY, LITT) is gaining attention as a safe and effective alternative treatment. In the LITT treatment process, a doctor inserts an optical fiber into a preset intracranial treatment area by means of a stereotactic operation platform, and ablation of tumor tissues is realized by laser heating. However, at present, the LITT is mostly dependent on a doctor to manually determine the position of an optical fiber according to a three-dimensional visual image of a tumor, and the ablation is performed according to the manually determined position, so that the ablation range of the LITT can not completely cover the tumor, thereby affecting the full ablation of the tumor and leading to limited treatment effect. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a planning method, device and equipment for treating glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation, which can improve the coverage rate of tumor ablation. In a first aspect, the present application provides a planning method for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation, the method comprising: According to the image information of the target patient and the segmentation result of the tumor area, sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling processing on the image information to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set; screening the candidate optical fiber path set according to the optical fiber planning objective function and the optical fiber planning constraint condition to obtain an intermediate optical fiber path set, and preliminarily determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path set; and determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score, wherein the target optical fiber path set at least comprises position information corresponding to each target optical fiber path. In a second aspect, the present application also provides a planning apparatus for treating brain glioma by multi-fiber laser ablation, the apparatus comprising: The segmentation module is used for sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling processing on the image information according to the pre-acquired image information of the target patient and the segmentation result of the tumor region to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set; The screening module is used for screening the candidate optical fiber path set according to the optical fiber planning objective function and the optical fiber planning constraint condition to obtain an intermediate optical fiber path set, and determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path set; The determining module is used for determining a target optical fiber path set from the intermediate optical fiber path set according to the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation and a predetermined path evaluation score, wherein the target optical fiber path set at least comprises position information corresponding to each target optical fiber path. In a third aspect, the present application also provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program: According to the image information of the target patient and the segmentation result of the tumor area, sequentially carrying out segmentation sampling processing on the image information of the optical fiber path set to obtain a candidate optical fiber path set; Screening the candidate optical fiber path sets of the optical fiber path sets according to the optical fiber planning objective function and the optical fiber planning constraint conditions to obtain intermediate optical fiber path sets, and preliminarily determining the number of optical fibers required by tumor ablation according to the intermediate optical fiber path sets of the optical fiber path sets; And determining a target optical fiber path set from the middle optical fiber path set of the optical fiber path set according to the optical fiber quanti