CN-120827065-B - Forest small-drainage-basin-based adaptive planting method under different standing forests in Liaodong mountain area

CN120827065BCN 120827065 BCN120827065 BCN 120827065BCN-120827065-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological construction engineering. The invention provides a method for planting different forests in Liaodong mountain areas based on forest small watersheds, which comprises the following steps of (1) dividing the forest small watersheds in Liaodong mountain areas according to landform, slope and slope direction, (2) taking soil conditions as guide indexes, collecting data and determining an optimization scheme, (3) taking canopy density as guide indexes, collecting data and determining the optimization scheme, and (4) selecting the forests suitable for fruits, bacteria, vegetables and medicines based on the optimization schemes in the step (2) and the step (3) to perform the forests. According to the technical scheme, forest land resources in mountain areas in Liaodong can be fully utilized, economic plants or fungi can be planted under forests in different places in small forest watercourses according to local conditions, the economic benefits of the planting under forests are brought into play to a greater extent, functions of forest conservation soil, water conservation, biodiversity and the like are improved by under-forest adaptive planting, and ecological benefits are improved.

Inventors

YOU WENZHONG
LIU ZHENPAN
ZHANG HUIDONG
ZHENG ZEYANG

Assignees

辽宁省农业科学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250826

Claims (4)

1. The method for adaptive planting under different forests in Liaodong mountain area based on forest small drainage basin is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Dividing the forest small drainage basin in the Liaodong mountain area according to the landform, the slope and the slope direction; (2) Taking soil conditions as guide indexes, collecting data and determining an optimization scheme; (3) Collecting data and determining an optimization scheme by taking the canopy density as a guide index; (4) Based on the optimization schemes of the step (2) and the step (3), selecting a site suitable for forest fruits, forest fungi, forest vegetables and forest medicines, and carrying out under-forest adaptive planting; The soil conditions in the step (2) comprise a thick soil layer, a middle soil layer and a thin soil layer; The soil layer is a thick soil layer when the thickness of the soil layer is more than or equal to 60cm, a middle soil layer when the thickness of the soil layer is 40cm-60cm, and a thin soil layer when the thickness of the soil layer is less than or equal to 40 cm; the degree of closure in the step (3) comprises a high degree of closure, a medium degree of closure and a low degree of closure; the canopy is high when the canopy is depressed to 0.6 or higher, medium when the canopy is depressed to 0.4-0.6, and low when the canopy is depressed to 0.4 or lower; the adaptive planting site of the forest fruit is a low canopy density forest margin of a thick soil layer or a middle soil layer; the adaptive planting site of the forest vegetable is a moderate canopy density sunny slope of a middle soil layer or a thin soil layer; The adaptive planting site of the woodland is a middle canopy closure degree landslide of a thick soil layer, or a middle canopy closure degree landslide of a middle soil layer, or a high canopy closure degree landslide of a thick soil layer, or a high canopy closure degree landslide of a middle soil layer; the adaptive planting sites of the forest bacteria are middle canopy density forest edges of the thick soil layer, middle canopy density forest edges of the middle soil layer, middle canopy density troughs of the thick soil layer, or middle canopy density troughs of the middle soil layer.
2. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the result of the division of the land in the step (1) includes a forest margin, a valley, a sunny slope, a cloudy slope.
3. A planting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the sunny slopes comprise southwest, eastern and southwest slopes, in particular slopes which receive more solar radiation during the day than other azimuth slopes; the smoldering slopes include north slopes, east-north slopes and west-north slopes, in particular slopes that receive less solar radiation during the day than other azimuth slopes.
4. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein the forest fruit comprises any one or more of actinidia arguta, hazelnut, and Aronia melanocarpa; The forest fungus comprises any one or more of black fungus, stropharia rugoso-annulata, ganoderma lucidum and hericium erinaceus; The woodvegetable comprises one or more of radix Et rhizoma Nardostachyos, herba Oenanthes Javanicae, bulbus Allii Victorialis, and herba Dongfengpi; the Lin Yaobao includes one or more of Ginseng radix, radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, korean herba Epimedii, herba asari, rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, and cimicifugae rhizoma.

Description

Forest small-drainage-basin-based adaptive planting method under different standing forests in Liaodong mountain area Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of under-forest economic development, in particular to an under-forest adaptation planting method based on different places in Liaodong mountain areas of forest small drainage basins. Background The mountain area in Liaodong is used as an important ecological barrier in northeast China, a forest small river basin has unique topography and climate characteristics, the topography is mainly composed of medium and low mountains, the altitude is between 200 meters and 1000 meters, the soil types are mainly composed of brown soil and dark brown soil, the soil layer thickness has obvious differences in different elevation gradients, and the soil layer thickness has obvious differences in different elevation gradients. The condition of the ground has a decisive influence on the growth and the yield of the economic crops under the forest, and the ground factors such as the altitude, the slope direction, the gradient, the soil thickness and the like form a complex micro-environment gradient in the mountain area in Liaodong. The complex topography and soil conditions of the forest small river basin in the region provide a foundation for developing diversified under-forest economy, and the method has the advantages of rich and various natural resources, unique ecological environment, and huge ecological function value and potential. However, due to lack of scientific planting planning, the traditional under-forest planting neglects the topography-soil-illumination coupling relation, and soil degradation is caused by continuous cropping of a single economic species, so that the problems of low utilization rate, single variety, ecological damage and the like exist in the current planting mode, and partial areas are exhausted due to excessive acquisition of wild medicinal materials, while other areas suitable for under-forest planting development are not fully utilized. Therefore, developing a planting method for improving the efficient utilization configuration of resources under mountain forests is also very necessary in improving the comprehensive benefits of forest management, maintaining biodiversity, protecting forest resources and the like. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a forest land adaptation planting method based on different places in Liaodong mountain areas of forest small watershed, which can fully utilize the forest resources in Liaodong mountain areas, realize the planting of proper crops in proper areas, fully utilize the forest land and land resources, achieve the effects of water and soil conservation and soil improvement through the planting of crops, and cooperatively play the economic and ecological values of economic crops and ecological functional plants. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The invention provides a forest small-river basin-based method for adaptive planting under different forests in Liaodong mountain areas, which comprises the following steps: (1) Dividing the forest small drainage basin in the Liaodong mountain area according to the landform, the slope and the slope direction; (2) Taking soil conditions as guide indexes, collecting data and determining an optimization scheme; (3) Collecting data and determining an optimization scheme by taking the canopy density as a guide index; (4) Based on the optimization schemes of the step (2) and the step (3), the sites suitable for the fruits, the bacteria, the vegetables and the medicines are selected for under-forest adaptive planting. Preferably, the result of the division of the land in step (1) comprises a forest edge, a valley, a sunny slope, a cloudy slope. Preferably, the sunny slopes comprise a south slope, an east south slope and a west south slope, particularly a slope which receives more solar radiation than other azimuth slopes in the daytime, and the cloudy slopes comprise a north slope, an east north slope and a west north slope, particularly a slope which receives less solar radiation than other azimuth slopes in the daytime. Preferably, the soil condition in the step (2) comprises a thick soil layer when the soil layer thickness is more than or equal to 60cm, a middle soil layer when the soil layer thickness is 40cm-60cm, and a thin soil layer when the soil layer thickness is less than or equal to 40 cm. Preferably, the canopy closure degree in the step (3) comprises a high canopy closure degree, a medium canopy closure degree and a low canopy closure degree, wherein the high canopy closure degree is achieved when the canopy closure degree is more than or equal to 0.6, the medium canopy closure degree is achieved when the canopy closure degree is 0.4-0.6, and the low canopy closure degree is achieved when the canopy closure degree is less than or equal to 0