CN-120889556-B - Instrument for underground measurement of drilling

CN120889556BCN 120889556 BCN120889556 BCN 120889556BCN-120889556-B

Abstract

The invention discloses an instrument for underground measurement of drilling, which relates to the technical field of drilling engineering and aims to solve the technical problems of low underground measurement efficiency, large data error and difficult adaptation to complex environments in the prior art, and comprises a drilling fluid monitoring device, a drilling fluid monitoring device and a drilling fluid monitoring device, wherein the drilling fluid monitoring device is used for measuring underground environment parameters so as to quickly capture abnormal changes of the drilling fluid parameters when the performances of mud in soft and hard staggered stratum are suddenly changed; the drill bit pressure monitoring device is used for measuring the underground pressure of the drill bit so as to sense the pressure pulsation characteristic of the drill bit when the drill bit breaks different lithologic strata in real time, and the drill bit pressure and torque monitoring device, the underground measuring tool and the underground measuring control device. The invention dynamically optimizes the sampling frequency and the measuring precision of each monitoring device based on the multi-source data acquired in real time, solves the core technical problem that the existing fixed sampling frequency system cannot consider the data precision and the system load, and realizes the dynamic balance of multi-parameter accurate monitoring and high-efficiency operation of the system under the soft and hard staggered stratum.

Inventors

FU XIURONG
LIU YAN

Assignees

胜利方兰德石油装备股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20250908

Claims (10)

1. An instrument for downhole measurement in a well, disposed in a drill bit, comprising: The drilling fluid monitoring device is used for measuring underground environment parameters so as to quickly capture abnormal changes of drilling fluid parameters when the performances of the soft and hard staggered stratum mud are suddenly changed; The drill bit pressure monitoring device is used for measuring the underground pressure of a drill bit so as to sense the pressure pulsation characteristics of the drill bit when different lithology strata are crushed in real time, wherein the rock hardness evaluation adopts a pressure fluctuation spectrum analysis method, and the rock hardness evaluation value is calculated by utilizing the harmonic amplitude value and the corresponding frequency of a pressure fluctuation signal, and the pressure fluctuation spectrum analysis method is as follows: ; in the formula, Is the pressure fluctuation signal The amplitude of the order harmonic wave, Is the first The frequency corresponding to the order of the harmonics, As an evaluation value for the hardness of the rock, A nonlinear mapping function determined according to actual geological conditions and experimental data; The drilling pressure and torque monitoring device is used for measuring the drilling pressure and the rotation torque of the drilling tool, wherein the identification of the soft and hard staggered stratum interface adopts a dynamic time warping algorithm, the similarity distance of the drilling pressure or torque sequence is calculated to judge the stratum interface, and the dynamic time warping algorithm is as follows: ; in the formula, Is the first in the weight-on-bit or torque sequence A data point is provided for each of the data points, For the first bit in another weight or torque sequence A data point is provided for each of the data points, For the time-ordered mapping function, For the similarity distance of two sequences, when Determining a formation interface when the formation interface threshold is exceeded; The underground measuring tool is used for measuring drilling time, underground power generation and transmission, drilling diameter and hole inclination direction so as to accurately determine the relation between drilling track and stratum tendency in the process of complex structural band or directional drilling; The underground measurement control device is in signal connection with the drilling fluid monitoring device, the drill bit pressure monitoring device, the drilling pressure and torque monitoring device and the underground measurement tool, and is used for receiving parameters measured by the devices, processing and storing the parameters, and automatically optimizing the sampling frequency and the measuring precision of the monitoring devices according to the multi-source data acquired in real time; when the stratum lithology is complex, the data change rate is high or abnormal parameter early warning occurs, the sampling frequency of the corresponding monitoring device is increased to obtain fine data, otherwise, the sampling frequency is reduced, and the energy consumption and the data redundancy are reduced to realize the dynamic balance of the data acquisition precision and the system load; The sampling frequency and the measuring precision of each monitoring device are automatically optimized according to the multi-source data acquired in real time, and the following self-adaptive adjusting method based on fuzzy control is adopted: ; in the formula, In order to adjust the new sampling frequency after the adjustment, In order to adjust the old sampling frequency before it, Calculating the current data change rate and the system load fuzzy rule; and a complete measurement algorithm system adapting to the underground complex working condition is formed through a logic chain of data driving, result feedback and parameter optimization, and the upgrade from 'passive monitoring' to 'active judgment-self-adaptive optimization' is realized.
2. An instrument for downhole measurement of drilling according to claim 1, wherein the drilling fluid monitoring apparatus comprises: The drilling fluid parameter measurement assembly comprises a drilling fluid flow measurement pipeline, a drilling fluid flow rate measurement pipeline, a drilling fluid viscosity measurement pipeline, a drilling fluid density measurement pipeline, a drilling fluid sand content measurement pipeline and a drilling fluid gas methane concentration measurement pipeline; The drilling fluid data acquisition unit is arranged on the drilling fluid parameter measurement assembly and comprises a flow sensor, a flow rate sensor, a viscosity sensor, a density sensor, a sand content sensor and a gas methane concentration sensor which are respectively connected with the drilling fluid flow measurement pipeline, the drilling fluid flow rate measurement pipeline, the drilling fluid viscosity measurement pipeline, the drilling fluid sand content measurement pipeline and the drilling fluid gas methane concentration measurement pipeline, and is used for acquiring drilling fluid flow rate, drilling fluid viscosity, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid sand content and drilling fluid gas methane concentration data; And the drilling fluid data transmission unit is connected with the drilling fluid data acquisition unit and is used for receiving the data acquired by the drilling fluid data acquisition unit and outputting the data to the ground signal receiving device.
3. An instrument for downhole measurement of well drilling according to claim 2, wherein the bit pressure monitoring device comprises: a bit pressure measurement assembly including a bit pressure measurement conduit; the drill bit pressure acquisition unit is arranged on the drill bit pressure measurement assembly and comprises a pressure sensor connected with the drill bit pressure measurement pipeline and used for acquiring pressure data of drilling fluid flowing through the drill bit; and the drill bit pressure data transmission unit is connected with the drill bit pressure acquisition unit and is used for receiving the data acquired by the drill bit pressure acquisition unit and outputting the data to the ground signal receiving device.
4. An instrument for downhole measurement of drilling according to claim 3, wherein the weight-on-bit and torque monitoring device comprises: the rotary measuring assembly is connected with the drill bit and is used for measuring the pressure and torque of the drill bit; the drilling pressure torque acquisition unit is arranged on the rotation measurement assembly and is used for acquiring drilling time data, drilling diameter and hole inclination azimuth data generated by rotation of the drill bit; and the weight-on-bit torque data transmission unit is connected with the weight-on-bit torque acquisition unit, and is used for receiving the data acquired by the weight-on-bit torque acquisition unit and outputting the data to the ground signal receiving device.
5. An instrument for downhole measurement of a well according to claim 4, wherein the downhole measurement control means comprises: The core data acquisition unit is connected with the drill bit pressure monitoring device and the drill weight and torque monitoring device and is used for acquiring pressure and torque data in the drill bit; the data storage unit is connected with the core data acquisition unit and is used for receiving and storing the data acquired by the core data acquisition unit; The system control signal transmission unit is connected with the drilling fluid monitoring device and the underground measuring tool, and is used for transmitting signals to the drilling fluid monitoring device and the underground measuring tool, receiving data sent by the drilling fluid monitoring device and the underground measuring tool, and transmitting the received data to the data storage unit.
6. An instrument for downhole measurements in a well according to claim 5, wherein the downhole measurement unit further comprises: the auxiliary data acquisition unit is arranged on the rotary measurement assembly and used for acquiring drilling data generated by the rotary measurement assembly, generation and transmission of underground power, drilling diameter and hole inclination azimuth data; The auxiliary data transmission unit is connected with the auxiliary data acquisition unit, and is used for transmitting signals to the core data acquisition unit, receiving data acquired by the core data acquisition unit and transmitting the received data to the data storage unit.
7. An intelligent measurement system comprising the instrument for downhole measurement of well drilling of claim 6 and a surface system; The ground system comprises a processor, a drilling fluid ground receiving unit, a drill bit pressure ground receiving unit, a comprehensive data ground receiving unit and a control instruction ground transmission unit, wherein the drilling fluid ground receiving unit, the drill bit pressure ground receiving unit and the comprehensive data ground receiving unit are arranged on the ground; The drilling fluid ground receiving unit is used for receiving data sent by the drilling fluid data transmission unit, the drill bit pressure ground receiving unit is used for receiving the data sent by the drill bit pressure data transmission unit, and the comprehensive data ground receiving unit is used for receiving the data sent by the drilling pressure torque data transmission unit, the system control signal transmission unit and the auxiliary data transmission unit.
8. The intelligent measurement system according to claim 7, wherein the drilling fluid monitoring device, the bit pressure and torque monitoring device, the downhole measurement control device, the drilling fluid data transmission unit, the bit pressure and torque data transmission unit, the system control signal transmission unit, the auxiliary data transmission unit, the drilling fluid ground receiving unit, the bit pressure ground receiving unit and the comprehensive data ground receiving unit all perform signal transmission in a wireless communication manner; the ground system is respectively in communication connection with the drilling fluid monitoring device, the drill bit pressure monitoring device, the weight on bit and torque monitoring device and the underground measurement control device.
9. The intelligent measurement system according to claim 8, wherein the drilling fluid surface receiving unit, the drill bit pressure surface receiving unit, the comprehensive data surface receiving unit and the control command surface transmitting unit are all connected with the input end of the processor of the surface system, so as to transmit drilling fluid parameters, drill bit pressure, torque and drilling time data to the processor, process the drilling fluid parameters, drill bit pressure, torque and drilling time data through the processor, output drill bit pressure and torque control data, and control drill bit pressure and torque adjustment through the underground measurement control device.
10. The intelligent measurement system of claim 9, wherein the signals received by the drilling fluid surface receiving unit, the drill bit pressure surface receiving unit, the integrated data surface receiving unit and the control command surface transmitting unit and the control data processed by the surface system processor are transmitted to the surface through signal wire transmission modes.

Description

Instrument for underground measurement of drilling Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of drilling engineering, in particular to an instrument for downhole measurement in drilling. Background In the underground measurement field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, the multi-source data such as drilling fluid parameters, bit pressure torque, drilling track and the like are accurately acquired, and the method is a key technical link for guaranteeing drilling safety, improving drilling efficiency and accurately identifying stratum characteristics. However, the existing downhole measurement system generally adopts a design mode with fixed sampling frequency, and a prominent technical short plate exists in a complex structural band with alternating layers of hardness and softness and abrupt changes of mud performance: When the formation lithology is complex, the data change rate is high or the parameters are abnormal (the sand content of the drilling fluid suddenly rises and the drill bit pressure suddenly changes), the fixed low-frequency sampling can not quickly capture the abnormal changes of the parameters of the drilling fluid, the pressure pulsation characteristic of the drill bit and the dynamic fluctuation of the drill bit torque, so that the formation interface identification is lagged, the rock hardness judgment deviation is caused, and the well wall instability and the drill clamping safety risk are easily caused; If the fixed high-frequency sampling is adopted for a long time for pursuing the data precision, the energy consumption and the data redundancy of the system can be greatly increased, the endurance capacity of underground equipment can be reduced, the ground data processing burden can be increased, and finally the dynamic balance of the data acquisition precision and the system load is difficult to realize, which becomes a core bottleneck for restricting the underground measurement precision and the system stability of the soft and hard staggered stratum. In view of this, we propose an instrument for downhole measurements in a well. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an instrument for underground measurement of drilling so as to solve the technical problems of low underground measurement efficiency, large data error and difficult adaptation to complex environments in the prior art. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme that an instrument for downhole measurement in drilling is arranged in a drill bit and comprises: The drilling fluid monitoring device is used for measuring underground environment parameters so as to quickly capture abnormal changes of drilling fluid parameters when the performances of the soft and hard staggered stratum mud are suddenly changed; The drill bit pressure monitoring device is used for measuring the underground pressure of the drill bit so as to sense the pressure pulsation characteristic of the drill bit when crushing different lithologic strata in real time, wherein the rock hardness evaluation adopts a pressure fluctuation spectrum analysis method; The drilling pressure and torque monitoring device is used for measuring the drilling pressure and the rotation torque of the drilling tool so as to identify the interface of the soft and hard staggered stratum by adopting a dynamic time warping algorithm according to the change curve of the drilling pressure and torque; The underground measuring tool is used for measuring drilling time, underground power generation and transmission, drilling diameter and hole inclination direction so as to accurately determine the relation between drilling track and stratum tendency in the process of complex structural band or directional drilling; The underground measurement control device is in signal connection with the drilling fluid monitoring device, the drill bit pressure monitoring device, the drilling pressure and torque monitoring device and the underground measurement tool, and is used for receiving parameters measured by the devices, processing and storing the parameters, and automatically optimizing the sampling frequency and the measuring precision of the monitoring devices according to the multi-source data acquired in real time; When the stratum lithology is complex, the data change rate is high or abnormal parameter early warning occurs, the sampling frequency of the corresponding monitoring device is increased to obtain fine data, otherwise, the sampling frequency is reduced, and the energy consumption and the data redundancy are reduced, so that the dynamic balance of the data acquisition precision and the system load is realized. The invention can dynamically optimize the sampling frequency and the measuring precision of each monitoring device based on the multisource data acquired in real time by the self-adaptive control algorithm built in the underground measuring control device, automatically