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CN-120982961-B - Multispectral imaging method for human body electronic angioscope

CN120982961BCN 120982961 BCN120982961 BCN 120982961BCN-120982961-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a multispectral imaging method for a human body electronic angioscope, and belongs to the technical field of medical appliances. The method comprises the steps of performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target near infrared spectrum through an ultra-micro infrared enhanced image sensor, focusing imaging light rays in blood vessels based on a focusing lens, calibrating the whole specification to adapt to intervention requirements of a plurality of blood vessels of a human body, presetting three types of near infrared spectrum wave bands based on blood interference avoidance requirements, building a corresponding multispectral light source and optically coupling with an endoscope, pushing the endoscope to the target blood vessels under the assistance of image equipment, starting the light source to collect images according to the wave bands and transmitting the images to an external terminal, and enabling the terminal to reduce noise and enhance signals through an adaptation algorithm to generate a visual image. The intravascular real-time optical direct imaging is realized, the problems that the traditional technology has no direct optical imaging, is interfered by blood, has low resolution and the like are solved, the lesion recognition definition and the diagnosis efficiency are improved, and the intravascular accurate diagnosis and treatment support is provided.

Inventors

  • SHENG BIN
  • SHENG WEIQI
  • LI MEIYAN

Assignees

  • 艾庐传感技术(湖州)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250925

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A multispectral imaging method for a human electronic angioscope, comprising: S1, performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target near infrared spectrum through an ultra-miniature infrared enhanced image sensor, and focusing imaging light rays in blood vessels based on a special focusing lens; s2, presetting three types of target spectrum bands based on the requirement of avoiding blood interference during intravascular imaging, constructing a multispectral light source corresponding to the target spectrum bands, and independently starting, sequentially switching or starting in a combined mode by configuring an independent controller for each band; The three preset target spectrum bands based on the requirement of avoiding blood interference during intravascular imaging are used for respectively collecting image information of different depths of a blood vessel, wherein after light rays of a first type of band are irradiated to the blood vessel wall, most of the light rays are reflected by a shallow structure, a small amount of the light rays are absorbed by deep tissues, absorption of hemoglobin to light signals is reduced, more light signals reflected by the shallow structure of the blood vessel wall reach a sensor; The controller is internally provided with a storage mechanism of the corresponding relation between lesion types and wave bands, receives an externally input calcification detection instruction when vascular calcification lesions are detected, invokes a corresponding control program in the storage mechanism, triggers a driving circuit of a third type of wave band light source, independently starts the third type of wave band light source, and acquires a density difference signal of a calcified area and surrounding tissues by using the wave band penetrability; S3, under the auxiliary positioning of the imaging equipment, slowly pushing the prepared endoscope into a target blood vessel of a human body through a catheter path, and controlling the pushing speed and direction until the front end reaches the vicinity of a lesion part; s4, after the external data processing terminal receives the image electric signals, noise reduction and contrast enhancement are carried out on the image characteristics of different spectrum bands by adopting an adaptive algorithm, clutter generated by blood scattering is eliminated, the difference between a lesion area and normal tissues is enhanced, and the processed signals are converted into a visual image format.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the photoelectric signal conversion is performed on the target near infrared spectrum, and the specific process comprises the steps of filtering stray light of a non-target wave band by the target near infrared light signal through the ultra-miniature infrared enhancement sensor, absorbing and converting residual light signals by a photosensitive unit after the residual light signals enter a photosensitive array into carriers, forming weak current by the carriers under the action of an electric field, converting the weak current into stable electronic signals after multistage amplification by an internal circuit, and simultaneously matching the intensity of the electronic signals output by adjusting the gain of the circuit with a receiving threshold value of the external data processing terminal.
  3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the electronic signal strength output by adjusting the circuit gain matching is matched with the receiving threshold of the external data processing terminal, and the method is characterized by comprising the steps of acquiring a signal receiving threshold range of the external data processing terminal in advance, acquiring the electronic signal strength data after current amplification in real time in an electronic signal output link, comparing the acquired signal strength with a preset threshold range, increasing the amplification factor through a circuit gain adjusting mechanism when the signal strength is lower than the preset threshold, decreasing the amplification factor when the signal strength is higher than the preset threshold, repeating the adjusting and comparing steps until the electronic signal strength is stable within the threshold range, and recording the final gain parameter.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the special focusing lens is used for accurately converging near infrared light reflected by a lesion site in a blood vessel to a photosensitive area of the sensor, the lens is composed of a plurality of lenses with different curvatures, the reflected light sequentially passes through the lenses to be refracted after entering the lens, curvature parameters of the lenses are preset according to the distance between the lesion site and the lens, and the relative position between the lenses is adjusted to enable a focus formed by the refracted light to fall at the central position of the photosensitive area of the sensor, so that the reflected light of the lesion site is converged in the photosensitive area.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the calibration integral specification is used for adjusting the relative positions of the ultra-miniature infrared enhancement sensor and the special focusing lens, and the method comprises the steps of gradually fine-adjusting the angle and the depth of the lens by means of the axis deviation value of the special focusing lens through laser beam projection comparison, observing the alignment deviation between the center of a photosensitive area of the ultra-miniature infrared enhancement sensor and the focus of the lens by means of a microscope mark datum point, enabling the axes of the ultra-miniature infrared enhancement sensor and the focus of the lens to be aligned accurately through displacement adjustment, synchronously acquiring integral specification data by means of an accuracy measuring tool, and adjusting the size to a standard interval through control accuracy correction when the integral specification exceeds the preset range of adapting to a plurality of blood vessels of a human body.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical coupling between the light source and the endoscope body is used for aligning and calibrating the refraction of the lens through the optical fiber interface, and the method comprises the steps of cleaning the interface between the output end of the light source and the input end of the optical conduction channel of the endoscope, aligning the center of the optical fiber interface with the center of the optical conduction channel, adjusting the angle of the lens at the output end of the light source, enabling the light signal output by the light source to enter the optical conduction channel inside the endoscope after being refracted by the lens, and fine-adjusting the angle of the lens until the coverage of the light spot coincides with the imaging view of the sensor by detecting the shape of the light spot at the light outlet at the front end of the endoscope.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pushing speed and direction are controlled to be used for combining with a vascular path displayed by an imaging device in real time, the imaging device generates a dynamic image of the interior of a blood vessel in real time, an operator identifies a straight section and a curved section of the blood vessel by observing the image, the endoscope is kept to advance at a constant speed through a constant speed driving mechanism of a pushing device in the straight section of the blood vessel, the operator finely adjusts the pushing speed and changes the bending angle of the front end of the endoscope by a control rod in the curved section of the blood vessel, the front end moves along the bending direction of the blood vessel, the front end is prevented from colliding with endothelial cells at the bending position of the blood vessel to cause cell shedding, and meanwhile, the pushing direction is adjusted to enable the endoscope to advance along the central axis of the blood vessel until the front end is displayed in the image to reach the vicinity of a lesion part.
  8. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the infrared antireflection film for improving photoelectric conversion effect by means of self infrared enhancement property allows near infrared light signal to pass through, reduces reflection loss of light signal on film surface, after light signal enters into sensor, photosensitive material in sensitive photosensitive element absorbs weak near infrared light signal to generate carrier corresponding to light intensity, internal signal amplifying circuit amplifies weak current formed by carrier in multiple stages to convert light signal originally lower than detection threshold into electronic signal capable of being identified by external terminal.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the clutter generated by blood scattering is eliminated by adopting an adaptive algorithm for carrying out multi-frame superposition processing on the received image electric signals, and the method is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out frame synchronization on continuously acquired multi-frame image signals, determining corresponding positions of the same lesion area in the multi-frame, comparing signal intensities of the same position in different frames, screening out stable signals with the intensity fluctuation range in a preset interval, eliminating transient strong scattering clutter generated by blood flow, meanwhile, judging gray value signals lower than a threshold value as clutter and filtering out the clutter signals, and only retaining valid gray value signals of the lesion area exceeding the threshold value by analyzing gray characteristics of the lesion area and the clutter.
  10. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the converting the processed signals into a visual image format is used for determining pixel coordinates corresponding to each electronic signal according to pixel arrangement rules of a sensor photosensitive area, the mapping the intensity values of the electronic signals into corresponding gray values, arranging the gray values of the pixels according to a coordinate sequence to generate a bitmap format image, wherein the gray value of each pixel in the image corresponds to the intensity of reflected light of a lesion area, and simultaneously creating a multispectral image switching interface, wherein the interface comprises switching controls corresponding to three types of wave bands, and when a doctor operates the controls, the system calls image data of the corresponding wave bands and refreshes the image data in a display area.

Description

Multispectral imaging method for human body electronic angioscope Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a multispectral imaging method for a human body electronic angioscope. Background In the diagnosis of human intravascular lesions (such as calcification, tumors, stent-related abnormalities), accurate imaging is critical to diagnosis and treatment decisions. The prior main flow vessel imaging technology has obvious limitations that most of ultrasound, CTA, MRA and the like are vessel external imaging or reconstruction depending on an algorithm, visual optical direct images cannot be provided, DSA has higher resolution, invasive operation is performed, radiation dose is large, complications risks exist, OCT/IVUS can realize intracavity imaging, strict requirements on operation technology and high equipment cost are realized, a traditional fiber endoscope can enter a vessel, but the traditional fiber endoscope depends on in-vitro equipment for imaging, and has low pixels (usually thousands to twenty thousands) and no focusing lens, imaging is fuzzy, and lesion details are difficult to clearly present. All the techniques can not meet the requirements of real-time and high-resolution optical direct imaging in blood vessels, so that uncertainty exists when doctors identify lesions, diagnosis efficiency and accuracy are affected, and a novel direct optical imaging scheme for adapting to blood vessel intervention scenes is needed. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multispectral imaging method for a human body electronic angioscope, The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: S1, performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target near infrared spectrum through an ultra-miniature infrared enhanced image sensor, and focusing imaging light rays in blood vessels based on a focusing lens; s2, presetting three types of target spectrum bands based on the requirement of avoiding blood interference during intravascular imaging, constructing a multispectral light source corresponding to the target spectrum bands, and independently starting, sequentially switching or starting in a combined mode by configuring an independent controller for each band; S3, under the auxiliary positioning of the imaging equipment, slowly pushing the prepared endoscope into a target blood vessel of a human body through a catheter path, and controlling the pushing speed and direction until the front end reaches the vicinity of a lesion part; s4, after the external data processing terminal receives the image electric signals, noise reduction and contrast enhancement are carried out on the image characteristics of different spectrum bands by adopting an adaptive algorithm, clutter generated by blood scattering is eliminated, the difference between a lesion area and normal tissues is enhanced, and the processed signals are converted into a visual image format. The method comprises the specific processes of carrying out photoelectric signal conversion on a target near infrared spectrum, wherein target near infrared light signals are filtered by the ultra-miniature infrared enhancement type sensor to remove stray light of a non-target wave band, residual light signals enter a photosensitive array and are absorbed by a photosensitive unit and converted into current carriers, the current carriers form weak current under the action of an electric field, the weak current carriers are amplified by an internal circuit in a multistage manner and are converted into stable electronic signals, and meanwhile, the electronic signal intensity output by adjusting circuit gain matching is matched with a receiving threshold value of an external data processing terminal. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a signal receiving threshold range of an external data processing terminal in advance, collecting electronic signal intensity data after current amplification in an electronic signal output link in real time, comparing the collected signal intensity with a preset threshold range, increasing the amplification factor through a circuit gain adjustment mechanism when the signal intensity is lower than the preset threshold, reducing the amplification factor when the signal intensity is higher than the preset threshold, repeating the steps of adjusting and comparing until the electronic signal intensity is stably within the threshold range, and recording final gain parameters. The special focusing lens is used for accurately converging near infrared light reflected by a lesion part in a blood vessel to a photosensitive area of the sensor, the lens consists of a plurality of lenses with different curvatures, the reflected light enters the lens and sequentially passes through the lenses to be refracted, curvature parameters of the lenses are preset according to the distance between the lesion pa