CN-121020900-B - Multistage treatment device and method for plant extraction processing waste liquid

CN121020900BCN 121020900 BCN121020900 BCN 121020900BCN-121020900-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage treatment device and a multistage treatment method for plant extraction processing waste liquid, and relates to the technical field of organic waste liquid treatment. The multistage treatment device for the plant extraction processing waste liquid comprises a treatment tower body, wherein a plurality of groups of tower plate assemblies are arranged in the treatment tower body at equal intervals along the axial direction, each group of tower plate assemblies sequentially comprises a first guide cover, a separation sleeve and a second guide cover which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the first guide cover is of a bowl-shaped structure, and an upper layer tower plate is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first guide cover. The bowl-shaped structure of the first air guide sleeve and the inverted bowl-shaped structure of the second air guide sleeve are complementarily nested, so that reverse air guide of gas and liquid phases is realized, the heat exchange effect in the process is improved, a physical isolation barrier is formed through the upper separation ring and the lower separation ring, high-viscosity waste liquid is forcedly guided to directionally flow along the wall of the air guide sleeve, impurities such as sugar and colloid are thoroughly blocked from invading the upper air holes and the lower air holes, the problem of blockage of the air holes of a tower plate of a traditional treatment tower is solved, and the continuous operation period of equipment is prolonged.

Inventors

WANG DONGMING
WANG XIAOFENG
HUANG YEQUAN

Assignees

三蚁汉药生物科技(广州)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20250917

Claims (8)

1. The multistage treatment device for the plant extraction processing waste liquid comprises a pretreatment mechanism, a treatment tower body (1) and a membrane filtration mechanism, and is characterized in that a plurality of groups of tower plate assemblies are axially arranged in the treatment tower body (1), and each group of tower plate assemblies sequentially comprises a first guide cover (17), a spacer sleeve (16) and a second guide cover (18) which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom; The first air guide sleeve (17) is of a bowl-shaped structure, an upper layer tower plate (33) is arranged on the inner side of the first air guide sleeve, the upper layer tower plate (33) comprises upper layer air holes (3302) formed in the surface of the first air guide sleeve (17) and upper layer separation rings (3301) fixed on the inner side of the first air guide sleeve (17), and the upper layer separation rings (3301) are hung and covered above the upper layer air holes (3302) to guide liquid phase away from the upper layer air holes (3302); The second air guide sleeve (18) is of an inverted bowl-shaped structure, a lower-layer tower plate piece (32) is arranged on the outer side of the second air guide sleeve, the lower-layer tower plate piece (32) comprises lower-layer air holes (3202) formed in the surface of the second air guide sleeve (18) and lower-layer separation rings (3201) fixed on the outer side of the second air guide sleeve (18), and the lower-layer separation rings (3201) are hung and covered above the lower-layer air holes (3202) to guide liquid phase to be far away from the lower-layer air holes (3202); A liquid discharge groove (24) is formed in the edge of the second air guide sleeve (18), drainage plates (23) are arranged on two sides of the liquid discharge groove (24), a conical surface balance disc (26) is arranged between the first air guide sleeve (17) and the second air guide sleeve (18) of each adjacent tower plate assembly, a gap between the two drainage plates (23) is divided into an air port (27) and a water port (28) by the conical surface balance disc (26), and the conical surface balance disc (26) can axially slide along the processing tower body (1) under the driving of rising air pressure and gravity in the processing tower body (1) so as to dynamically adjust the through flow section of the water port (28); The isolation sleeve (16) is of an hourglass structure, heat-insulating cotton is filled in the isolation sleeve (16), a vibration sheet (25) is arranged on the surface of the isolation sleeve (16), and the vibration sheet (25) vibrates under the impact of rising airflow to disturb a steam flow field; The upper layer tower plate piece (33) further comprises an upper layer flow blocking ring (3303) arranged at the upper end of the inner ring of the upper layer separation ring (3301), and an upper layer water distribution net (3304) is arranged between the upper layer flow blocking ring (3303) and the first air guide sleeve (17); The lower-layer tower plate piece (32) further comprises a lower-layer flow blocking ring (3203) arranged on the outer ring of the lower-layer separation ring (3201), and a lower-layer water distribution net (3204) is arranged between the lower-layer flow blocking ring (3203) and the second air guide sleeve (18).
2. The multistage treatment device for plant extraction processing waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein a through hole (34) is formed in the bottom of the first guide cover (17), a shaft sleeve (29) is arranged in the treatment tower body (1), the shaft sleeve (29) is fixedly connected with the second guide cover (18), and a liquid phase downlink channel is formed in a gap between the shaft sleeve (29) and the through hole (34).
3. The multistage treatment device for plant extraction processing waste liquid according to claim 2, wherein a rotating shaft (21) is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve (29), and a fan blade (20) is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft (21); The steam treatment tower is characterized in that a reboiler (6) is arranged at the lower end of the outer side of the treatment tower body (1), a steam output pipe (7) is arranged at the output end of the reboiler (6), and an outlet of the steam output pipe (7) is tangentially arranged along the treatment tower body (1) so as to drive the fan blades (20) to rotate.
4. The multistage treatment device for plant extraction processing waste liquid according to claim 3, wherein a diverter (19) is arranged in the treatment tower body (1) near the upper end, the diverter (19) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft (21), both ends of the diverter (19) are of conical surface structures, and flow passages (22) are arranged on the surfaces of the diverter along the radial direction.
5. The plant extraction processing waste liquid multistage treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the conical surface balance disc (26) is made of high-temperature-resistant light plastic materials, a sliding groove (31) is formed in the middle of the conical surface balance disc (26), a limit guide rail (30) which is slidably connected with the sliding groove (31) is arranged on the outer side of the shaft sleeve (29), the conical surface balance disc (26) slides to the lowest end of the limit guide rail (30), and the distance between the conical surface balance disc (26) and the first diversion cover (17) at the lower position is 0.5cm at minimum.
6. The plant extraction process waste liquid multistage treatment device according to claim 5, further comprising: a baffle plate (15) fixed at the upper end of the inside of the treatment tower body (1); the condenser (9) is arranged at the outer side of the treatment tower body (1), the condenser (9) is used for condensing the distillate gas in the treatment tower body (1), the refrigerant is the plant extraction processing waste liquid stock solution after pretreatment, and the refrigerant output end extends to the upper end inside the treatment tower body (1).
7. The multistage treatment device for plant extraction processing waste liquid of claim 6, wherein a raw liquid feeding pipe (8) is further arranged at a position, close to the upper end, inside the treatment tower body (1), a tower kettle discharging pipe (3) is arranged at the lower end inside the treatment tower body (1), an overflow pipe (4) is further arranged on the treatment tower body (1), and the overflow pipe (4) is positioned between the steam output pipe (7) and the tower kettle discharging pipe (3).
8. A multistage treatment method of plant extraction processing waste liquid, characterized by adopting the multistage treatment device of plant extraction processing waste liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: S1, pretreatment, namely settling and filtering the plant extraction processing waste liquid, and regulating the pH value to 4.5-5.5 to obtain a plant extraction processing waste liquid stock solution; s2, performing multistage treatment, namely performing at least two treatments on the plant extraction processing waste liquid stock solution by using a plant extraction processing waste liquid multistage treatment device to obtain an alcohol solvent and a dealcoholized liquid; s3, membrane filtration, namely filtering the dealcoholized liquid at 80-85 ℃ directly through a ceramic microfiltration membrane, and then treating the dealcoholized liquid through a ceramic roll nanofiltration membrane to separate low-sugar low-salt permeate and a sugar salt mixture; s4, energy recovery, namely placing the low-sugar low-salt penetrating fluid into an IC anaerobic reactor for reaction to generate methane, and burning the methane to provide auxiliary heat energy for a reboiler (6).

Description

Multistage treatment device and method for plant extraction processing waste liquid Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of organic waste liquid treatment, in particular to a multistage treatment device and a multistage treatment method for plant extraction processing waste liquid. Background In the process of extracting target products from plant raw materials through crushing, leaching, extracting and refining procedures, a large amount of waste liquid containing natural organic pollutants is produced, the waste liquid has complex components and remarkable fluctuation, contains plant source substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose, saccharides and proteins, and organic solvents such as alcohols, belongs to typical high-concentration refractory organic waste liquid, and has the problems of increasingly larger water resources and increasingly prominent water pollution along with the development of plant extraction industry. Because of the difference of production process and finished products, the water quality of the waste liquid presents strong fluctuation characteristics, and the physical characteristics of high viscosity and easy scaling of the waste liquid lead the traditional treatment device to face serious challenges, namely, the tray pores of the conventional treatment tower are easy to be blocked by sugar and colloid, so that the steam channel is blocked and the separation efficiency is reduced, the fixed tray structure cannot respond to air pressure fluctuation, the operation elasticity is insufficient, the flooding or liquid leakage accident is induced, the gas-liquid contact efficiency is low, so that the heat energy utilization rate is limited, and the steam energy consumption is high. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multistage treatment device and a multistage treatment method for plant extraction processing waste liquid, and solves the problems of the background technology. The multistage treatment device for the plant extraction processing waste liquid comprises a pretreatment mechanism, a treatment tower body and a membrane filtration mechanism, wherein a plurality of groups of tower plate components are arranged in the treatment tower body at equal intervals along the axial direction, each group of tower plate components sequentially comprises a first air guide sleeve, a separation sleeve and a second air guide sleeve which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the first air guide sleeve is of a bowl-shaped structure, an upper layer tower plate component is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first air guide sleeve, the upper layer tower plate component comprises an upper layer air hole which is formed in the surface of the first air guide sleeve, and an upper layer separation ring which is fixed on the inner side of the first air guide sleeve, the upper layer separation ring is suspended above the upper layer air hole to guide liquid phase to be far away from the upper layer air hole, the second air guide sleeve is of an inverted bowl-shaped structure, a lower layer tower plate component is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the second air guide sleeve, the lower layer tower plate component comprises a lower layer air hole which is formed in the surface of the second air guide sleeve and a lower layer separation ring which is fixed on the outer side of the second air guide sleeve, the lower layer separation ring extends above the lower layer air hole to guide sleeve so as to guide liquid phase, the upper layer air guide sleeve and the upper layer air hole is far from the lower layer air hole, the upper layer air guide sleeve and the upper layer air guide sleeve is arranged on the upper layer air guide sleeve, and the lower layer air guide sleeve is arranged on the air guide sleeve, and the air guide sleeve and the air guide plate is arranged on the air guide plate, and the air guide plate is arranged on the air guide and the air guide to the air flow. Further, the isolation sleeve is of an hourglass structure, heat preservation cotton is filled in the isolation sleeve, and a vibration sheet is arranged on the surface of the isolation sleeve and vibrates under the impact of rising airflow to disturb the steam flow field. The upper layer column plate piece further comprises an upper layer flow blocking ring arranged at the upper end of the upper layer separation ring, an upper layer water distribution net is arranged between the upper layer flow blocking ring and the first flow guide cover, the lower layer column plate piece further comprises a lower layer flow blocking ring arranged at the outer ring of the lower layer separation ring, and a lower layer water distribution net is arranged between the lower layer flow blocking ring and the second flow guide cover. Further, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the first air guide sleeve, a shaft sleeve is arranged in the processing towe