CN-121091174-B - Multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation-based magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive detection system and method

CN121091174BCN 121091174 BCN121091174 BCN 121091174BCN-121091174-B

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of magnetic ring detection, and discloses a magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive detection system and method based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation, which solve the defects of the existing magnetic ring detection in the aspects of information acquisition, composite excitation and comprehensive diagnosis. The method comprises the steps of applying multi-frequency composite excitation, collecting and preprocessing multi-dimensional response, extracting characteristics, and obtaining magnetic characteristics, material components and defect information through deep learning fusion inversion. The system comprises a composite excitation module, a multi-mode sensing module, a data acquisition preprocessing module, a data fusion inversion module and a control module. By adopting the technical scheme, the application realizes comprehensive and efficient nondestructive detection of the multidimensional electromagnetic information of the magnetic ring, overcomes the existing limitation, and remarkably improves the detection precision and comprehensive diagnosis capability.

Inventors

LI QIN
GUO CHUNPENG
LIN KAI
ZENG LE
TAN LU
LUO RUIFANG

Assignees

江苏奥科斯磁材有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250912

Claims (10)

1. The multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation-based magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a step of applying composite electromagnetic excitation, which is used for applying multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation to a magnetic ring to be detected through a composite electromagnetic excitation module, wherein the multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation comprises low-frequency magnetic field excitation, medium-high frequency eddy current excitation and broadband dielectric excitation; A step of capturing response signals, which is used for capturing multidimensional response signals of the magnetic ring to be detected under the multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation in real time through a multi-mode cooperative sensor array module, wherein the multidimensional response signals comprise magnetic field changes, eddy current signals, impedance spectrums and dielectric responses; The data preprocessing step is used for carrying out high-precision acquisition, time synchronization, filtering noise reduction and data normalization on the multidimensional response signals through a high-precision data acquisition and preprocessing module; The data fusion and inversion step is used for extracting multi-modal characteristics of the magnetic ring based on the preprocessed multi-dimensional response signals through a multi-modal data fusion and inversion module, and carrying out fusion and inversion on the multi-modal characteristics through a deep learning network to output magnetic characteristic uniformity, material composition consistency and potential defect information of the magnetic ring; And the system control step is used for cooperatively controlling the cooperative work of the composite electromagnetic excitation module, the multi-mode cooperative sensor array module, the high-precision data acquisition and preprocessing module and the multi-mode data fusion and inversion module through the system control and man-machine interaction module and providing a man-machine interaction interface.
2. The method for multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation according to claim 1, wherein said applying composite electromagnetic excitation step comprises: Applying low-frequency magnetic field excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected through a low-frequency magnetic field excitation unit; Applying medium-high frequency eddy current excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected through a medium-high frequency eddy current excitation unit; Applying broadband dielectric excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected through a broadband dielectric excitation unit; The low-frequency magnetic field excitation unit consists of a pair of Helmholtz coils, the medium-high frequency eddy current excitation unit consists of a flat spiral coil, and the broadband dielectric excitation unit consists of a pair of parallel plate capacitors.
3. The method for multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation according to claim 2, wherein said step of capturing a response signal comprises: Capturing a magnetic field distribution uniformity signal under the excitation of a low-frequency magnetic field through a three-axis fluxgate sensor array; capturing a secondary magnetic field change signal induced by the medium-high frequency eddy current through a high-sensitivity Hall sensor array; Capturing complex impedance spectrum signals under broadband dielectric excitation through a broadband dielectric response sensor array; The three-axis fluxgate sensor array is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the magnetic ring, each sensor can measure the magnetic field intensity in three orthogonal directions, the high-sensitivity Hall sensor array is uniformly distributed along the radial direction and the axial direction of the magnetic ring, each Hall sensor is used for measuring the local magnetic field intensity change, and the broadband dielectric response sensor array is composed of a plurality of high-frequency probes.
4. A method of multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation as recited in claim 3, wherein said data preprocessing step comprises: synchronously sampling each sensor data captured by the multi-mode collaborative sensor array module through a high-resolution analog-digital converter; The hardware-level time stamp synchronization of the sensor data is realized through a universal timer chip and a high-precision clock source; noise suppression is carried out on the acquired signals through a digital low-pass filter, a band-pass filter and an adaptive wiener filter; And carrying out minimum-maximum normalization or Z-score normalization processing on the sensor data with different dimensions and amplitudes.
5. The method for multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation of claim 4, wherein the data fusion and inversion step comprises: extracting magnetic field intensity gradient, harmonic content and hysteresis loop parameters from the magnetic field variation signal; extracting real part, imaginary part, phase angle and amplitude attenuation curve of eddy current impedance from the eddy current signal by wavelet transformation and Fourier transformation; Complex dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent and relaxation time distribution are extracted from the dielectric response signal.
6. The method for multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation of claim 5, wherein said data fusion and inversion step further comprises: Inputting the extracted magnetic field feature vector, the eddy current feature matrix and the dielectric spectrum feature vector into the deep learning network for fusion, wherein the deep learning network is a deep convolution circulation network based on an attention mechanism; The network structure of the deep convolution cyclic network comprises a plurality of convolution layers, wherein each convolution layer is followed by batch normalization and ReLU activation functions, then a plurality of two-way long-short-term memory network layers and finally a multi-head attention layer.
7. The method for multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation of claim 6, wherein said data fusion and inversion step further comprises: the output layer of the deep convolution circulation network is connected with a multi-layer perceptron, and the magnetic domain distribution, the residual magnetic flux density and the coercive force of the magnetic ring are inverted to be two-dimensional distribution in the magnetic ring; inverting the three-dimensional distribution of the conductivity, the magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of the material; the location, size and shape of defects such as cracks, pores, inclusions, etc. are identified.
8. A method of multi-dimensional non-destructive testing of a magnetic ring based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation as recited in claim 7, further comprising: And displaying magnetic characteristic distribution, material parameter distribution and defect positions in the magnetic ring through a result display and diagnosis report generation module by using a three-dimensional visual interface, and generating a customized report containing detection parameters, an original data curve, an inversion result, defect details and quality evaluation grades.
9. A multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation-based magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive testing system suitable for the method as set forth in any one of claims 1-8, comprising: The composite electromagnetic excitation module is used for applying multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected, wherein the multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation comprises low-frequency magnetic field excitation, medium-high frequency eddy current excitation and broadband dielectric excitation; the multi-mode cooperative sensor array module is used for capturing a multi-dimensional response signal of the magnetic ring to be detected under the multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation in real time, wherein the multi-dimensional response signal comprises magnetic field change, eddy current signals, impedance spectrum and dielectric response; The high-precision data acquisition and preprocessing module is used for carrying out high-precision acquisition, time synchronization, filtering noise reduction and data normalization processing on the multidimensional response signals; The multi-mode data fusion and inversion module is used for extracting multi-mode characteristics of the magnetic ring based on the preprocessed multi-dimensional response signals, fusing and inverting the multi-mode characteristics through a deep learning network and outputting magnetic characteristic uniformity, material composition consistency and potential defect information of the magnetic ring; The system control and man-machine interaction module is used for cooperatively controlling the cooperative work of the composite electromagnetic excitation module, the multi-mode cooperative sensor array module, the high-precision data acquisition and preprocessing module and the multi-mode data fusion and inversion module and providing a man-machine interaction interface.
10. The multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation-based magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive testing system of claim 9, wherein the composite electromagnetic excitation module comprises: the low-frequency magnetic field excitation unit is used for applying low-frequency magnetic field excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected and consists of a pair of Helmholtz coils; The medium-high frequency eddy current excitation unit is used for applying medium-high frequency eddy current excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected and consists of a flat spiral coil; And the broadband dielectric excitation unit is used for applying broadband dielectric excitation to the magnetic ring to be detected and consists of a pair of parallel plate capacitors.

Description

Multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation-based magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive detection system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic ring detection, in particular to a magnetic ring multi-dimensional nondestructive detection system and method based on multi-frequency composite electromagnetic excitation. Background The magnetic ring is used as an indispensable key functional element in modern industrial production, and is widely applied to high-tech fields such as motors, sensors, encoders, medical equipment, aerospace and the like by virtue of the unique magnetic and electrical characteristics. The uniformity of magnetic characteristics, the consistency of material components and the existence of potential internal defects in the interior of the magnetic material directly determine the performance stability, the precision, the reliability and the service life of the terminal product. With the application scene, more stringent requirements are put forward on performance indexes, such as requirements on high temperature resistance and high rotation speed performance of a magnetic ring in a new energy automobile driving motor, and requirements on angular resolution and long-term stability in a precision encoder, the quality control standard of the magnetic ring is also continuously improved, and further, higher dimension and deeper challenges are put forward on a detection technology. In the existing magnetic ring detection technology system, various schemes for evaluating specific aspects have been developed. For example, by the magnetic ring encoder and the detection method of the absolute angle of the magnetic ring encoder disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN117405150B, the scheme realizes the high-precision calibration of the rotation angle of the magnetic ring by skillfully configuring the combined design of a plurality of groups of Hall elements and a plurality of pairs of pole magnets. Specifically, the design principle focuses on the sensitivity of the Hall element to the spatial distribution of the magnetic field, and the accurate rotation angle of the magnetic ring relative to the reference position is calculated by accurately measuring the magnetic field signal generated by the preset magnetic pole structure on the surface of the magnetic ring. The technology provides a practical and effective solution for industrial application requiring high-precision angle detection on large-diameter shaft parts, and plays an important role in improving the positioning and control precision of rotary machinery in a certain historical period. However, the core focus of this technical solution is on the macroscopic magnetic field distribution of the magnetic ring and its application in angle measurement, and its detection means is essentially limited to the acquisition and analysis of magnetic field signals on the surface or near-surface of the magnetic ring. The magnetic field induction mode based on the Hall effect mainly responds to the static or low-frequency magnetic characteristic of the magnetic ring, and lacks necessary detection capability for deep material components, microstructure defects or electromagnetic response characteristics in a high-frequency working state inside the magnetic ring. Therefore, it cannot realize multi-dimensional, deep nondestructive detection of magnetic property uniformity, material composition uniformity and potential internal defects inside the magnetic ring. On the basis of the above, a patent document with publication number CN113588996B is also found through searching, and a magnetic ring clamp and a detection device are disclosed. The patent aims to solve the problem of signal interference possibly caused by external wire curling in the traditional detection process mainly by optimizing the mechanical structure and the automatic flow of the detection device, and greatly improves the automatic detection efficiency of the whole parameter of the magnetic ring. The design focus is to provide a stable and repeatable magnetic ring positioning and contact mechanism, so that the conventional electrical parameters of the magnetic ring can be obtained quickly and accurately in batch detection. Through mechanical automation and standardized measurement flow, the technology has remarkable progress in improving detection efficiency and reducing manual intervention errors, and is particularly suitable for the scenes of rapid screening and quality control of basic electrical parameters of magnetic rings. However, the detection content of this technical solution is still mainly focused on the overall electrical parameters of the magnetic ring, such as resistance, inductance or average magnetic flux, and the like, and cannot deeply dig more complex electromagnetic physical characteristics inside the magnetic ring. The scheme mostly relies on the traditional single-frequency or direct-c