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CN-121103999-B - Cold header and application method thereof

CN121103999BCN 121103999 BCN121103999 BCN 121103999BCN-121103999-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a cold header, which comprises a machine body, a working platform arranged on the machine body, a die arranged on the working platform and used for placing a workpiece, a pressure head arranged above the die, wherein the pressure head is driven by a pressure system to approach the die and perform cold header processing on the workpiece, the pressure head is subjected to alignment adjustment by an adjusting mechanism, the die further comprises a die base arranged on the working platform and provided with a multidimensional sensing system, a die bushing arranged above the die base and provided with a die main body, wherein the multidimensional sensing system monitors the working state of the die by monitoring the cold header pressure, the temperature and abnormal sound at the die.

Inventors

  • LIN FENG
  • WU YANG
  • LIN XUE

Assignees

  • 浙江正瑞重工有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251110

Claims (6)

  1. 1. A cold header comprising: The machine body is provided with a working platform (1); the die (2) is arranged on the working platform (1) and used for placing a workpiece; The pressing head (3) is arranged above the die (2), the pressing head (3) is driven by a pressure system to approach the die (2) and perform cold heading on a workpiece, and the pressing head (3) is subjected to alignment adjustment by an adjusting mechanism; Characterized in that the mould (2) further comprises: A base of the die (2), wherein the base of the die (2) is arranged on a workbench, and a multidimensional sensing system (4) is arranged in the base of the die (2); The mold comprises a mold (2) lining, wherein the mold (2) lining is arranged above a base of the mold (2), and a mold (2) main body is arranged in the mold (2) lining; the multi-dimensional sensing system (4) monitors the working state of the die (2) by monitoring the cold heading pressure, the temperature and abnormal sound at the die (2); the multi-dimensional sensing system (4) further comprises: a main sensor group comprising a main pressure sensor (40), a main temperature sensor (41) and a main acoustic sensor (42) arranged in the base of the mould (2); A secondary sensor group including a secondary pressure sensor (43) provided on the ram (3), a secondary acoustic sensor (44) provided in the external environment; the main acoustic sensor (42) and the auxiliary acoustic sensor (44) are provided with a spacing distance so as to facilitate the auxiliary acoustic sensor (44) to collect environmental noise for interference elimination; The mould (2) body further comprises: the hard cold heading section (220), wherein the hard cold heading section (220) is arranged at the top of a lining of the die (2), and a workpiece placing groove (221) is formed in the hard cold heading section (220); the supporting section (222) is arranged at the bottom of the bushing of the die (2) and positioned below the hard cold heading section (220) for supporting the hard cold heading section (220); the self-adaptive support unit (5), the self-adaptive support unit (5) is arranged between the support section (222) and the hard cold heading section (220); wherein the self-adaptive supporting unit (5) provides rigid support under normal punching, and absorbs the impact force of the punching overrun through elastic deformation when the punching overrun; The adaptive support unit (5) further comprises: the disc spring groups (50) are provided with a plurality of disc spring groups (50) and are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the supporting section (222); Each disc spring group (50) consists of two disc springs which are reversely overlapped, and the pretightening force of the disc spring groups (50) is increased and decreased through a gasket (51).
  2. 2. The cold header of claim 1, further comprising: A multifunctional fluid unit (6), wherein the multifunctional fluid unit (6) comprises a gas runner (60) which radially penetrates through a bushing of the die (2) and the hard cold heading section (220); the die comprises a die (2) and is characterized in that a gas inlet (61) and a gas outlet (62) are respectively arranged on two sides of a liner of the die, a gas valve (63) capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the gas outlet (62), the gas inlet (61) is connected with an external gas source, gas flow in a gas runner (60) is input into the gas inlet (61) and flows along the axial direction of the gas runner (60), a plurality of gas holes (64) communicated with the gas runner (60) are formed in the bottom of a workpiece placing groove (221), and the multifunctional fluid unit (6) achieves three functions of heat dissipation of a hard cold heading section (220) and adsorption and unloading of a workpiece by changing the flow direction of the gas runner (60).
  3. 3. The cold header of claim 2, further comprising: the automatic alignment mechanism of the pressure head (3), the automatic alignment mechanism of the pressure head (3) is arranged on the pressure head (3) and used for improving the alignment precision of the pressure head (3).
  4. 4. A cold header according to claim 3, wherein said automatic ram (3) alignment mechanism further comprises: The alignment sleeve rod (70) is sleeved on the pressure head (3) and moves relative to the pressure head (3) in the axial direction, and the bottom end of the alignment sleeve rod (70) is an inverted cone-shaped alignment end; The alignment block (71), the alignment block (71) is arranged at the top of the hard cold heading section (220), and an inverted cone-shaped alignment groove (72) is arranged in the alignment block (71); the alignment groove (72) and the hard cold heading section (220) are coaxially distributed and communicated with the workpiece placement groove (221), the alignment sleeve rod (70) is subjected to time sequence rigid control through a hydraulic system, and the pressure head (3) is rigidly attached to the alignment groove (72) through the alignment end to automatically align by utilizing the principle of conical automatic alignment pair.
  5. 5. A method of using the cold header of claim 4, comprising the steps of: S1, uniformly and alternately arranging a plurality of disc spring groups (50) between a supporting section (222) and a hard cold heading section (220) along the circumferential direction of the supporting section, wherein each disc spring group (50) consists of two disc springs which are reversely overlapped; s2, determining a target pretightening force F target required by the disc spring group (50); S3, calculating the thickness S of the gasket (51) required by the pretightening force based on the parameters of the target pretightening force F target and the belleville spring; s4, according to the calculated thickness S of the gasket (51), the gasket (51) with the corresponding thickness is increased or decreased at the bottom of the supporting section (222) so as to complete pretightening force adjustment.
  6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step S3 further comprises: S30, calculating the pretightening force P single required to be provided by a single belleville spring according to the target pretightening force F target and the number n of belleville spring groups (50), wherein P single =F target /n; S31, substituting P single into a force-deformation relation formula of the disc spring, and performing inverse solution calculation to obtain a target deformation f target required when the single disc spring reaches P single , wherein the force-deformation relation formula is as follows: Wherein E is the elastic modulus of the spring, mu is the Poisson's ratio of the spring, t is the thickness of the spring, h 0 is the flattening deformation of the spring, D is the outer diameter of the spring, D is the inner diameter of the spring, K 1 is the calculated coefficient, f is the deformation of a single belleville spring, And, c=d/D, K 4 is the calculated coefficient, K 4 =1 for the no-bearing-surface belleville spring, K 4 =1 for the bearing-surface belleville spring, And Wherein t' is the actual thickness of the disc spring, and H 0 is the free height of the disc spring; S32, determining an initial compression quantity delta 0 of the disc spring group (50) according to the structural parameters of the cold header; S33 is calculated by the formula s=f target -δ 0 to obtain the thickness S of the spacer (51) to be increased or decreased.

Description

Cold header and application method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of forging, and particularly relates to a cold header and a using method thereof. Background The cold header is a device for cold forming metal, and is mainly applied to plastic deformation of metal materials at normal temperature, especially production of metal parts. The working principle of the cold header is that a high pressure is applied to a metal workpiece through a pressure head, so that the metal workpiece is subjected to plastic deformation under the condition of no heating, and the cold header is generally used for producing metal parts with high strength and high precision; The common cold header generally comprises a machine body, a feeding mechanism, a pressure head, a die, a pressure system, a control center and a lubricating system, wherein a workbench is arranged on the machine body, the die is arranged on the workbench, the pressure head is aligned and adjusted through an adjusting mechanism, and is driven to press the die through the pressure system for cold header processing; The existing cold header cannot monitor abnormality generated in the working process of the die in real time in the use process, only can find problems in the product detection process, is easy to cause poor batch conditions, increases production cost, directly transmits impact force generated in the cold header to the die in the working process of the die, easily causes deformation and microcrack conditions of the die when the impact force exceeds the limit, and reduces the service life of the die, so that improvement is necessary. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a cold header and a using method thereof, which are used for effectively monitoring the working state of a die, reducing the reject ratio of products, reducing the production cost and prolonging the service life of the die. In view of the above, the present invention provides a cold header, comprising: the machine body is provided with a working platform; The die is arranged on the working platform and used for placing a workpiece; The pressure head is arranged above the die, is driven by the pressure system to approach the die and performs cold heading on a workpiece, and is adjusted in alignment by the adjusting mechanism; the mold further comprises: The die base is arranged on the workbench and is internally provided with a multidimensional sensing system; the mould lining is arranged above the mould base, and a mould main body is arranged in the mould lining; the multi-dimensional sensing system monitors the working state of the die by monitoring the cold heading pressure, the temperature and abnormal sounds at the die. In the technical scheme, in the cold heading process of a workpiece, the workpiece is placed on a die main body, a pressure head is driven by a pressure system to approach the die and perform cold heading processing on the workpiece, and a multidimensional sensing system can discover early anomalies such as microcracks, material adhesion and the like of the die in real time by monitoring pressure, temperature and abnormal sound signals of the die, so that batch product scrapping is avoided, and production cost is reduced. In the above technical solution, further, the multi-dimensional sensing system further includes: a main sensor group comprising a main pressure sensor, a main temperature sensor and a main acoustic sensor disposed in the mold base; a sub-sensor group including a sub-pressure sensor provided on the pressure head, a sub-acoustic sensor provided in an external environment; The distance between the primary acoustic sensor and the secondary acoustic sensor is set to facilitate the secondary acoustic sensor to collect environmental noise for interference elimination. In the above technical solution, further, the mold main body further includes: the hard cold forging section is arranged at the top of the mold bushing and is internally provided with a workpiece placing groove; the support section is arranged at the bottom of the mold bushing and positioned below the hard cold heading section and used for supporting the hard cold heading section; the self-adaptive supporting unit is arranged between the supporting section and the hard cold heading section; wherein the self-adaptive supporting unit provides rigid support under normal stamping, and absorbs the impact force of the stamping overrun through elastic deformation when the stamping overrun. In the above technical solution, further, the adaptive support unit further includes: the disc spring groups are provided with a plurality of disc spring groups and are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the supporting section; Each disc spring group consists of two disc springs which are reversely overlapped, and the pretightening force of the disc spring groups is adjusted by increasi