CN-121194259-B - Task unloading method and device suitable for Internet of vehicles and electronic equipment

CN121194259BCN 121194259 BCN121194259 BCN 121194259BCN-121194259-B

Abstract

The application relates to a task unloading method, device and electronic equipment suitable for the Internet of vehicles, which comprise the steps of calculating the local calculation efficiency of each vehicle-mounted task in a vehicle-mounted terminal, calculating the signal to noise ratio of an MEC unloading link, calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link, calculating the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task according to the calculation capability parameter of an MEC edge calculation server, determining the MEC calculation efficiency of a roadside unit link based on the total unloading time, screening the vehicle-mounted task, and selecting the roadside unit from the screened vehicle-mounted task to execute task unloading. The method can calculate the local calculation time and the local calculation efficiency according to the complexity of the task, calculate the unloading link quality state according to the distance between the vehicle and the RSU, screen out the light-load roadside unit with good signal-to-noise ratio as an unloading channel, ensure that the vehicle is always in a good unloading quality environment, and provide real-time guarantee for improving the unloading stability of the task.

Inventors

XIAO QINGHUA

Assignees

华信咨询设计研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20251125

Claims (8)

1. A method for task offloading applicable to internet of vehicles, comprising: calculating the local calculation efficiency of each vehicle-mounted task in the vehicle-mounted terminal; collecting link parameters of an MEC unloading link, calculating the signal to noise ratio of the MEC unloading link, and calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link by combining carrier bandwidth parameters of a roadside unit; calculating the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task according to the calculation capability parameters of the MEC edge calculation server and the transmission rate, and determining the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link for bearing the vehicle-mounted task based on the total unloading time; Screening the vehicle-mounted task based on the local computing efficiency, the MEC computing efficiency and a preset task threshold, and selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the screened vehicle-mounted task to execute task unloading; wherein, the calculation of the local calculation efficiency is divided into two steps: firstly, presetting the computing capacity of a vehicle-mounted terminal Each task of the vehicle-mounted terminal is obtained through executing a formula I Time required for local calculation at vehicle-mounted terminal : Formula one; in the formula, The power function is represented by a function of the power, The calculation complexity of the ith task is calculated, and m is the upper limit of the number of tasks; Secondly, executing a formula II to obtain each task Is of local computational efficiency of (a) : A formula II; in the formula, The task size for the ith task; The calculating the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task according to the calculation capability parameter of the MEC edge calculating server and the transmission rate, determining the MEC calculating efficiency of the roadside unit link for bearing the vehicle-mounted task based on the total unloading time, and the method comprises the following steps: Determining the transmission time of unloading the vehicle-mounted task to the roadside unit link based on the transmission rate, calculating the calculation time required by the MEC edge calculation server based on the calculation capability of a preset MEC edge calculation server, and according to the transmission time and the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task; calculating MEC calculation efficiency of a roadside unit link of the vehicle-mounted task according to the total unloading time and the task size of the vehicle-mounted task; The screening the vehicle-mounted task based on the local computing efficiency, the MEC computing efficiency and a preset task threshold, selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the screened vehicle-mounted task to execute task unloading, including: determining a mathematical expected value of the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link according to the MEC calculation efficiency, and screening the vehicle-mounted task by combining the local calculation efficiency to obtain a qualified task set; splitting the qualified task set based on the preset task threshold to obtain a qualified small task set and a qualified large task set; and selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the qualified small task set and the qualified large task set to execute task unloading.
2. The task offloading method of claim 1, wherein the collecting link parameters of the MEC offloading link, calculating a signal-to-noise ratio of the MEC offloading link, and calculating a transmission rate of the MEC offloading link in combination with a carrier bandwidth parameter of a roadside unit, comprises: Collecting link parameters of the MEC unloading link, wherein the link parameters comprise a path loss constant, a path loss coefficient, the transmitting power of the vehicle-mounted terminal and the number of subcarriers occupied by a single resource block, and calculating the link path loss of the vehicle and the roadside unit according to the path loss constant and the path loss coefficient; Calculating the link channel gain of the roadside unit based on the transmitting power of the vehicle-mounted terminal, calculating the Gaussian white noise power spectrum density based on the link parameter of the number of subcarriers occupied by the single resource block, and calculating the link signal to noise ratio of the roadside unit according to the link channel gain of the roadside unit and the Gaussian white noise power spectrum density; And calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link according to the link signal-to-noise ratio of the roadside unit and the carrier bandwidth of the roadside unit.
3. The task offloading method of claim 1, wherein determining a mathematical expectation of the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link according to the MEC calculation efficiency, and screening the vehicle-mounted task in combination with the local calculation efficiency to obtain a qualified task set includes: determining a mathematical expectation of the roadside unit link MEC calculation efficiency based on the MEC calculation efficiency; and screening the vehicle-mounted task summary corresponding to the local calculation efficiency and the preset efficiency coefficient product being lower than the mathematical expected value to obtain the qualified task set.
4. The task offloading method of claim 1, wherein before determining a mathematical expectation of the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link according to the MEC calculation efficiency, and screening the on-board task in combination with the local calculation efficiency to obtain a qualified task set, further comprises: screening the roadside unit links based on a signal-to-noise ratio low threshold preset value and a signal-to-noise ratio high threshold preset value; sorting the roadside unit links with signal-to-noise ratios higher than the signal-to-noise ratio low threshold preset value into a first set of qualified roadside units; and sorting the roadside unit links with the signal-to-noise ratio higher than the signal-to-noise ratio high threshold preset value into a qualified roadside unit second set.
5. The method for task offloading applicable to a vehicle network as recited in claim 4, wherein said selecting the roadside unit having the smallest load from the qualified small task set and the qualified large task set to perform task offloading includes: selecting the roadside unit with the smallest load from the vehicle-mounted tasks in the qualified roadside unit first set for the vehicle-mounted tasks belonging to the qualified small task set to execute task unloading; And aiming at the vehicle-mounted tasks belonging to the qualified large task set, selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the vehicle-mounted tasks in the qualified roadside unit second set to execute task unloading.
6. A task offloading device for internet of vehicles, comprising: the first calculation efficiency calculation module is used for calculating the local calculation efficiency of each vehicle-mounted task in the vehicle-mounted terminal; The transmission rate calculation module is used for collecting link parameters of the MEC unloading link, calculating the signal to noise ratio of the MEC unloading link and calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link by combining carrier bandwidth parameters of roadside units; The second calculation efficiency calculation module is used for calculating the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task according to the calculation capacity parameter of the MEC edge calculation server and the transmission rate, and determining the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link for bearing the vehicle-mounted task based on the total unloading time; The task unloading module is used for screening the vehicle-mounted task based on the local computing efficiency, the MEC computing efficiency and a preset task threshold, and selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the screened vehicle-mounted task to execute task unloading; the calculation of the local calculation efficiency is divided into two steps: firstly, presetting the computing capacity of a vehicle-mounted terminal Each task of the vehicle-mounted terminal is obtained through executing a formula I Time required for local calculation at vehicle-mounted terminal : Formula one; in the formula, The power function is represented by a function of the power, The calculation complexity of the ith task is calculated, and m is the upper limit of the number of tasks; Secondly, executing a formula II to obtain each task Is of local computational efficiency of (a) : A formula II; in the formula, The task size for the ith task; the second calculation efficiency calculation module is specifically configured to: Determining the transmission time of unloading the vehicle-mounted task to the roadside unit link based on the transmission rate, calculating the calculation time required by the MEC edge calculation server based on the calculation capability of a preset MEC edge calculation server, and according to the transmission time and the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task; calculating MEC calculation efficiency of a roadside unit link of the vehicle-mounted task according to the total unloading time and the task size of the vehicle-mounted task; The task unloading module is specifically configured to: determining a mathematical expected value of the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link according to the MEC calculation efficiency, and screening the vehicle-mounted task by combining the local calculation efficiency to obtain a qualified task set; splitting the qualified task set based on the preset task threshold to obtain a qualified small task set and a qualified large task set; and selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the qualified small task set and the qualified large task set to execute task unloading.
7. An electronic device, comprising The memory device is used for storing the data, A processor, and Computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed implements the task offloading method for the internet of vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the task offloading method for the internet of vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Description

Task unloading method and device suitable for Internet of vehicles and electronic equipment Technical Field The application relates to the field of internet of vehicles, in particular to a task unloading method and device suitable for internet of vehicles and electronic equipment. Background As an emerging technology, mobile edge computing (Mobile Edge Computation, MEC) is mainly used to migrate a cloud platform from a mobile core network to an access network edge, so as to realize reasonable utilization of computing resources and storage resources. In the internet of vehicles, dynamic resource scheduling becomes very complex due to randomness of the moving direction and speed of the vehicles, and the establishment of unloading and buffering decisions and the optimal allocation of computing and buffering resources in the internet of vehicles are of great importance. There has been a lot of research focused on task offloading strategies for the internet of vehicles. For example, mao Y et al propose a complete offload optimization algorithm and Lyu X et al propose a method that considers joint task offloading and resource optimization in a multi-user system. Both the two methods are typical task offloading algorithms in the existing Internet of vehicles, but the Mao Y algorithm takes task offloading into consideration too much, and the problem of energy consumption optimization is not solved, and the Lyu X algorithm can only be applied to a single MEC server in view of operation complexity. Therefore, how to stably offload different tasks to MEC servers of different links under the premise of comprehensively considering the offloading method and the energy consumption becomes a problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application provides a task unloading method and device suitable for the Internet of vehicles and electronic equipment, which are used for at least solving the problem of reducing network energy consumption in the related art and simultaneously stably executing the unloading efficiency of the Internet of vehicles task. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a task offloading method applicable to internet of vehicles, including: calculating the local calculation efficiency of each vehicle-mounted task in the vehicle-mounted terminal; collecting link parameters of an MEC unloading link, calculating the signal to noise ratio of the MEC unloading link, and calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link by combining carrier bandwidth parameters of a roadside unit; calculating the total unloading time of the vehicle-mounted task according to the calculation capability parameters of the MEC edge calculation server and the transmission rate, and determining the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link for bearing the vehicle-mounted task based on the total unloading time; and screening the vehicle-mounted task based on the local computing efficiency, the MEC computing efficiency and a preset task threshold, and selecting the roadside unit with the minimum load from the screened vehicle-mounted task to execute task unloading. In an embodiment, the collecting the link parameters of the MEC offload link, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the MEC offload link, and calculating the transmission rate of the MEC offload link in combination with the carrier bandwidth parameters of the roadside units includes: Collecting link parameters of the MEC unloading link, wherein the link parameters comprise a path loss constant, a path loss coefficient, the transmitting power of the vehicle-mounted terminal and the number of subcarriers occupied by a single resource block, and calculating the link path loss of the vehicle and the roadside unit according to the path loss constant and the path loss coefficient; Calculating the link channel gain of the roadside unit based on the transmitting power of the vehicle-mounted terminal, calculating the Gaussian white noise power spectrum density based on the link parameter of the number of subcarriers occupied by the single resource block, and calculating the link signal to noise ratio of the roadside unit according to the link channel gain of the roadside unit and the Gaussian white noise power spectrum density; And calculating the transmission rate of the MEC unloading link according to the link signal-to-noise ratio of the roadside unit and the carrier bandwidth of the roadside unit. In an embodiment, the calculating the total unloading time of the on-board task according to the calculation capability parameter of the MEC edge calculating server in combination with the transmission rate, determining the MEC calculation efficiency of the roadside unit link for carrying the on-board task based on the total unloading time, includes: Determining the transmission time of unloading the vehicle-mounted task to the roadside unit link based on the transmission rate, calculating the calculation time