CN-121235843-B - Reasonable space allocation method for belt-type shrub protection forest in semiarid grassland area

Abstract

The invention provides a reasonable space allocation method of a belt type shrub protection forest in a semiarid grassland area, which mainly comprises the following steps of (1) firstly determining potential maximum density of shrub forest belts, (2) determining key ecological hydrologic function parameters of shrub forest belts with different row distances, (3) comprehensively evaluating the ecological hydrologic function parameters of sand-fixing shrub forest belts with different row distances by adopting a hierarchical analysis-entropy weight method, and finally determining the optimal row distance and plant distance of the shrub forest belts by combining the potential maximum density of the shrub forest belts in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrologic function parameters of the shrub forest belts with different row distances in the step (2). The invention has reasonable conception, not only can promote the growth stability of the protective forest, but also can synchronously enhance the wind-proof effect and other ecological functions of the protective forest, and can provide theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of water resources and ecological restoration in arid grassland areas.

Inventors

• XIONG WEI
• YU ZIJIE
• LI CHAO
• WANG SIHAN
• TU LIHUI
• WU BO
• ZHANG CHENGFU
• LI HANZHI
• YAO XUELING
• YANG YANYAN
• LIU XINYAO

Assignees

• 中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20250925

Claims (5)

1. 1. A reasonable space configuration method of a belt type shrub protection forest in a semiarid grassland area is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Firstly, determining the potential maximum density of the shrub forest belt, wherein the specific process is as follows: the transpiration quantity of the shrub cluster is estimated, and the potential maximum density of the shrub forest belt under the condition of a certain rainfall is calculated: (1); (2); (3); In the above (1) - (3), N is the potential maximum plant number of the shrubs under a certain precipitation, P e is the annual effective precipitation, P is the annual precipitation, S is the shrub land area, E is the average shrub growth season transpiration; Is the average daily flow rate of the shrubs, A si is the edge area of the ith branch, the total number of branches of the n shrubs, A G is the crown projection area of the shrubs, and D is the number of days in the growing season; (2) Determining key ecological hydrologic function parameters of shrubs with different row spacing; (3) Comprehensively evaluating ecological hydrologic function parameters of the sand-fixing shrubs with different row spacing by adopting an analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method, and finally determining the optimal row spacing and plant spacing of the shrubs by combining the potential maximum density of the shrubs in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrologic function parameters of the shrubs with different row spacing in the step (2); The ecological hydrologic function parameters in the step (2) comprise soil hydrologic function parameters, windproof function parameters and vegetation growth function parameters; The soil hydrologic function parameters comprise soil volume weight, total soil porosity, capillary soil porosity, non-capillary soil porosity, saturated soil water conductivity and soil water content which are used for reflecting the change conditions of soil hydrologic functions of different shrubs in different rows; The windproof function parameters comprise wind speeds at the height of 0.2m near the surface of the windproof function of the shrub forest belt with different row pitches and wind speeds at the height of 3m above the canopy; The vegetation growth function parameters are expressed in terms of leaf area index, which includes in-band shrubs and herbs used to reflect the growth conditions of plants in different row spacing in the band.
2. 2. The reasonable spatial arrangement method of the belt shrub protective forest in the semiarid grassland area according to claim 1, wherein the soil volume weight is obtained by the following formula (4): (4); in the formula (4), d v is the volume weight of soil, m is the mass of the baked soil, and v is the volume of the cutting ring; the total porosity of the soil is obtained by the following formula (5): (5); In the formula (5), P is the total porosity of soil, D is the volume weight of soil, D is the specific gravity of soil; the porosity of the soil capillary is obtained by the following formula (6): (6); In the formula (6), P 1 is the porosity of a soil capillary, A is the water mass of a soil sample in the ring cutter, and V is the volume of the ring cutter; the soil non-capillary porosity is equal to the difference between the total soil porosity and the capillary porosity, which is obtained by the following formula (7): (7); in the formula (7), P n is soil non-capillary porosity, P is soil total porosity, and P is soil capillary porosity; the saturated water conductivity of the soil reflects the surface rainwater infiltration capacity of the forest land under different line spacing conditions, and is measured by a Mini Disk infiltration instrument; the soil moisture content directly reflects the soil moisture condition of the forest land, and is measured by adopting a section probe positioning measurement or a drying method.
3. 3. The reasonable space configuration method of the belt shrub protective forest in the semiarid grassland area according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed at the position 0.2m higher than the near surface and the wind speed at the position 3m higher than the canopy are measured by adopting a small weather station or an anemometer.
4. 4. The method for reasonably configuring the space of the belt-type shrub protection forest in the semiarid grassland area according to claim 1, wherein the shrub LAI and the herbaceous plant LAI in the forest belt are measured by a AccuPAR plant canopy analyzer.
5. 5. The reasonable space configuration method of the belt shrub protective forest in the semiarid grassland area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step (3) is as follows: Firstly, according to scientific, operability and layering principles, building a multifunctional comprehensive evaluation step layering structure of different row spacing sand fixation forest belts by expert consultation and consulting domestic and foreign documents, wherein the multifunctional comprehensive evaluation step layering structure comprises a target layer, a criterion layer and a scheme layer; and then calculating the analytical method weight, the entropy weight method weight and the comprehensive weight of the multi-functional comprehensive evaluation step hierarchical structure, and calculating the multi-functional comprehensive evaluation results of the shrub forest belts with different row pitches according to the following formula (8): (8); In the formula (8), M is the comprehensive function index of the forest belts with different row pitches, i is the ith function, G i is the weight of the ith function evaluation index, and F i is the score of the ith function; And finally, according to comprehensive evaluation results of the soil hydrologic function parameters, the windproof function parameters and the vegetation growth function parameters, combining the potential maximum density of the shrubs under the premise of a certain rainfall in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrologic function parameters of the shrubs with different row distances in the step (2), and finally determining the potential maximum row distance and the plant distance of the shrubs.

Description

Reasonable space allocation method for belt-type shrub protection forest in semiarid grassland area Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of land desertification control and grassland ecological environment protection, in particular to a reasonable space allocation method of a belt type shrub protection forest in a semiarid grassland area. Background The semiarid grassland area is located in the northern sand prevention band in China, and the traveling belt type shrub protection forest has important significance for the land desertification control and grassland ecological environment protection and resource utilization of the area. The forest belt can not only effectively reduce wind erosion, but also be used as high-quality feed after stumping of partial shrubs (such as caragana microphylla and the like), thus realizing double improvement of ecological benefit and economic value. In arid areas, soil wind erosion can be effectively controlled when the coverage of perennial shrubs, semi-shrubs and perennial herbaceous plants is maintained at 20% -40%. The forest belt is planted in a band shape by adopting the drought-resistant and wind-sand-resistant rural shrubs (such as caragana microphylla), so that the forest belt can effectively prevent wind and fix sand, and can provide high-quality feed after stumping. However, under the dual influences of climate change and human activities (excessive grazing and the like), the bearing capacity of water resource vegetation is not known enough in the forestation design, and part of the forests are subject to growth degradation, so that the windproof function of the forests is reduced, and the regional production life and ecological safety are seriously influenced. Therefore, in the future, how to promote the stability and forward succession of vegetation communities, reduce the wind erosion of the ground surface, and balance the relationship between grassland ecological protection and sustainable resource utilization by optimizing the spatial configuration of the forest belt and providing climate adaptability management measures is needed, and has important theoretical value and practical significance for realizing regional ecological safety and sustainable social development. At present, in the aspect of theoretical research of belt-type shrub protection forest in semiarid grassland areas, related work is carried out on the independent aspects of the water physiological characteristics, the forest growth, the soil infiltration, the water balance of the forest land, the windproof effect and the like of main shrub tree species such as caragana microphylla, caragana microphylla and the like. However, in terms of key ecological functions such as soil hydrology (volume weight, porosity, infiltration capacity and the like), vegetation growth (leaf area index and the like) and wind prevention and the like under different vegetation configurations (such as line spacing), the comparative research of a system and the comprehensive evaluation of multiple functions are still lacking. In the technical development level, although technical measures such as suitable tree adaptation, planting mode and sealing and raising fence are proposed, the principle of 'green with water' is advocated greatly in recent years, but an effective calculation method and a detailed scheme are lacked in implementation. In addition, in part of areas, the problem of water deficiency aggravation and the like caused by the excessively high initial planting density of the forest belt is solved in order to improve the afforestation survival rate. Meanwhile, the degradation protection Lin Shang lacks of optimization transformation and function improvement of the existing forestation mode, and especially the following key problems need to be solved: (1) How to determine the potential maximum density of the forest belt under the constraint condition of water resources; (2) The technical parameters are ambiguous, and dynamic monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of ecological hydrologic functions of different row-spacing forest belts are lacked. These problems not only affect the long-term stability of the sand-fixing vegetation and the regional water resource safety, but also restrict the realization of the goal of ecological, social and economic collaborative sustainable development. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a reasonable space configuration method of a belt-type shrub protection forest in a semiarid grassland area, which has reasonable conception, provides reasonable structure configuration of a forest belt taking multiple functions into consideration under the condition of water resource limitation based on system observation and comprehensive analysis of key ecological hydrologic functions such as soil hydrologic process, vegetation growth dynamics, wind prevention effect and the like, not only can