CN-121379674-B - Preparation device and preparation method of powdery biofuel based on biomass embrittlement upgrading and biomass power generation method

CN121379674BCN 121379674 BCN121379674 BCN 121379674BCN-121379674-B

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of a powdery biofuel based on biomass embrittlement and quality improvement and a biomass power generation method, and belongs to the technical field of biomass energy. The device for preparing the powdery biofuel based on the biomass embrittlement and quality improvement comprises a bin, a screw conveying bin, an embrittlement bin, two middle-section bins and a coal mill, wherein a first conveying screw is arranged in the screw conveying bin, the conveying direction is from one end close to the bin to one end far away from the bin, a visual image device is arranged at a top feed inlet of the screw conveying bin, a second conveying screw is arranged in the embrittlement bin, the conveying direction is opposite to that of the first conveying screw, a heating channel is arranged in the embrittlement bin, the two middle-section bins are respectively communicated with the screw conveying bin and the embrittlement bin, and the coal mill is used for preparing the embrittled biomass into biomass powder. The preparation method realizes the preparation of the powdery biofuel based on the embrittlement and quality improvement of biomass, can improve the quality consistency of the embrittlement of herbaceous biomass, and meets the technological requirements of subsequent blending and sintering powder preparation and the like.

Inventors

WAN KEJI
BAI CHUNRONG
CHEN YUHANG
DING XIANGMING

Assignees

北京国瑞明和科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251217

Claims (7)

1. A device for preparing powdered biofuel based on embrittlement and upgrading of biomass, characterized in that it comprises: The storage bin is provided with a storage space for respectively storing herb biomass stems and leaves and biomass scraps; the screw conveying bin is arranged below the bin, a first conveying screw is arranged in the screw conveying bin, the conveying direction is from one end close to the bin to one end far away from the bin, the top of the screw conveying bin is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is provided with a visual image device for identifying the type of herbaceous biomass materials, wherein the type of herbaceous biomass materials comprises biomass stems and leaves and biomass scraps; The embrittlement bin is internally provided with a second conveying screw rod, the conveying direction of the second conveying screw rod is opposite to that of the first conveying screw rod, a heating channel is arranged in the embrittlement bin and is connected with a conveying pipeline outside the embrittlement bin, a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the embrittlement bin, and a plurality of pulse air flow channels are formed in the bottom of the embrittlement bin; The two middle-section bins are arranged at two ends of the screw conveying bin and are respectively communicated with the screw conveying bin and the embrittlement bin, and the middle-section bins are provided with electric valves; The biomass pre-separation mechanism comprises a cutting mechanism and a separating mechanism, wherein the cutting mechanism is used for cutting a biomass pile into a plurality of herbaceous biomass blocks, and the separating mechanism is used for receiving the herbaceous biomass blocks and separating the biomass blocks into biomass stems and leaves and biomass scraps; the separation mechanism includes: The top of the separation bin is provided with a main inlet, and an electric gate is arranged at the main inlet and used for controlling the opening and closing of the main inlet; The beating mechanism is connected with the separation bin and used for driving the separation bin to reciprocate so as to enable herbaceous biomass blocks in the separation bin to generate impact; The tearing mechanism is arranged above the separation bin and is used for tearing and separating the impacted herbaceous biomass in the separation bin; the hot air blowing mechanism is arranged at a first end of the separation bin close to the main inlet and is used for blowing hot air into the separation bin, the air flow flows from the first end of the separation bin to a second end opposite to the separation bin so that the herbaceous biomass moves to the second end of the separation bin, and the second end of the separation bin is provided with a main outlet; The tearing mechanism comprises a lifting seat, a bottom track, a needle arrangement component, a needle arrangement sliding rail module and a clamping mechanism, wherein the lifting seat is arranged at the bottom of the separation bin, the bottom track is in driving connection with the lifting seat, the bottom track is in sliding connection with the separation bin, the needle arrangement component is in driving connection with the needle arrangement sliding rail module, the needle arrangement sliding rail module drives the needle arrangement component to move; The clamping mechanism is arranged on the needle arranging slide rail module and used for controlling connection and release of the needle arranging assembly and the needle arranging slide rail module, the needle arranging assembly is respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the separation bin, the two opposite ends of the separation bin are provided with insertion holes, one side of the insertion hole at the second end of the separation bin is also provided with a supporting hole for the needle arranging assembly to be inserted into the separation bin, and the top of the second end of the separation bin is also provided with a moving hole; When the biomass blocks are beaten, the needle arrangement assemblies are respectively inserted into the insertion holes at the two ends of the separation bin, so that the needle arrangement assemblies are inserted into the two ends of the separation bin and are abutted against the inner bottom surface of the separation bin; After the biomass blocks are slapped, the hot air blowing mechanism blows air to the second end of the separation bin, so that the biomass moves to the second end, and the biomass is positioned at one side of the needle arrangement assembly at the second end and below the moving hole; the needle arrangement assembly at the first end of the separation bin moves into the supporting hole and presses the biomass, the needle arrangement assembly at the second end moves into the moving hole and is downwards inserted into the biomass, and the needle arrangement assembly moves towards the first end of the separation bin to tear the biomass.
2. The biomass embrittlement and upgrading-based powdery biofuel preparation device according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate is vertically arranged in the silo, the partition plate divides the silo into a stem leaf silo and a scrap silo, and leakage ports are formed in the bottoms of the stem leaf silo and the scrap silo, and the two leakage ports are abutted to each other.
3. The biomass embrittlement-based upgrading powdered biofuel production plant of claim 1, wherein the slitting mechanism comprises: The cutting bin is used for placing biomass stacks, and one end of the cutting bin is provided with an outlet; the three-axis sliding rail module is arranged above the slitting bin; The cutting knife mechanism is arranged in the cutting bin and used for cutting the herbal biomass pile along the height direction of the herbal biomass pile; The conveying belt assembly is arranged in the bottom groove of the slitting bin, the conveying belt of the conveying belt assembly is flush with the bottom surface of the slitting bin, one end of the conveying belt assembly is arranged to the outlet, and the outlet is connected with a hopper which is inclined downwards; The pushing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the slitting bin and is used for pushing the herbaceous biomass blocks cut in the slitting bin to the conveying belt assembly.
4. The biomass embrittlement and upgrading-based powdery biofuel preparation device according to claim 3, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing slide rail module and a pushing rod, the pushing rod is arranged on the inner side of the slitting bin, the pushing slide rail module is arranged on the outer side of the slitting bin and is connected with the pushing rod through a connecting rod, the pushing slide rail module can drive the pushing rod to move towards the direction of the conveying belt assembly, and the pushing slide rail module and the pushing rod comprise two groups which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the conveying belt assembly.
5. The biomass embrittlement and upgrading based powdery biofuel preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the hot gas blowing mechanism comprises an air inlet metal hose and an air outlet metal hose, the air inlet metal hose is connected to a first end of the separation bin, the air outlet metal hose is connected to a total outlet of a second end of the separation bin, the air outlet metal hose is of a Y-shaped structure, one branch pipe of the air outlet metal hose is connected with the bin and used for conveying biomass scraps, the other branch pipe is connected with the bin and used for conveying biomass stems and leaves, a valve is arranged in the air outlet metal hose and used for controlling the opening and closing of the two branch pipes, a screen is further arranged in the top position of the bin, and the air outlet hole is matched with the air inlet metal hose and the air outlet metal hose to form a gas passage.
6. The preparation method of the powdery biofuel based on the biomass embrittlement and upgrading is characterized in that the preparation device of the powdery biofuel based on the biomass embrittlement and upgrading is adopted, the embrittlement treatment is firstly carried out on herbaceous biomass to obtain embrittled biomass, and then the embrittled biomass is prepared into biomass powder by using a coal mill.
7. A biomass power generation method, characterized in that biomass powder prepared by the preparation method of powdery biofuel according to claim 6 is mixed with pulverized coal for combustion power generation.

Description

Preparation device and preparation method of powdery biofuel based on biomass embrittlement upgrading and biomass power generation method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy, and particularly relates to a preparation device and a preparation method of a powdery biofuel based on biomass embrittlement and quality improvement and a biomass power generation method. Background As an important component of a renewable energy system, biomass energy takes biomass materials as raw materials, and is converted into forms of heat, electricity and the like through various ways of direct combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and the like, and the biomass energy has the advantages of wide sources, reproducibility, zero carbon emission and the like. Biomass sources are wide, the biomass has zero carbon property, and the biomass is applied to the existing coal-fired generator set, namely so-called coal-fired coupled biomass power generation, which is an important way for coal-electricity low-carbon transformation. From the viewpoint of biomass utilization, it can be classified into herbaceous biomass (such as straw, reed, weed, etc.) and woody biomass (such as branches, trunks, wood processing waste, etc.). The principle of the coal mill in the power plant is brittle fracture of coal particles, is not suitable for fibrous biomass materials, and is difficult to crush to the requirement of the blended combustion particle size below 2mm. Therefore, the embrittlement pretreatment of the biomass improves the grindability, and is a key for realizing low-energy consumption milling and blending. At present, in the biomass fuel production process, in order to improve grindability, a powdery biofuel preparation device based on biomass embrittlement and quality improvement is used for carrying out embrittlement pretreatment on herbaceous biomass, straws and the like. The biomass is broken and partially fallen off in the natural drying and transportation processes, so that the particle size distribution is extremely wide, and more biomass scraps are caused. The existing biomass embrittlement upgrading equipment directly conveys mixed raw materials containing biomass scraps to an embrittlement bin through a conveying screw for heating embrittlement. However, as the biomass stems and leaves and the biomass scraps are not distinguished during feeding, the mixed raw materials of the biomass stems and leaves and the biomass scraps are directly conveyed to an embrittlement bin, the conveying direction of the embrittlement bin is consistent with the feeding direction, all the mixed raw materials undergo the same conveying path and heating time, so that the problems of insufficient embrittlement of the biomass stems and leaves due to insufficient heating time, excessive embrittlement of the scraps due to overlong heating time and even pyrolysis occur, and the direct result is that the situation that the embrittlement of the stems and leaves of the herbaceous biomass is insufficient and the excessive embrittlement of the biomass scraps often occurs in the embrittled herbaceous biomass mixture, the quality consistency of the embrittled herbaceous biomass is difficult to meet the requirements of processes such as subsequent blending and sintering and pulverizing, and the application effect of the herbaceous biomass in biomass coupling and blending is restricted. Meanwhile, in the thermal embrittlement pretreatment process of biomass with different sizes, the problems that small-chip embrittlement is completed, large stems and leaves are only slightly embrittled, or the large stems and leaves are embrittled, and the small-chip excessive embrittlement generates pyrolysis combustion and the like can be generated. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a device for preparing a powdered biofuel based on embrittlement and upgrading of biomass, a preparation method and a biomass power generation method for solving at least one of the above problems in the prior art. The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: A biomass embrittlement upgrading-based powdered biofuel production device, comprising: the storage bin is provided with two independent storage spaces for respectively storing herb biomass stems and leaves and biomass scraps; the screw conveying bin is arranged below the bin, a first conveying screw is arranged in the screw conveying bin, the conveying direction is from one end close to the bin to one end far away from the bin, the top of the screw conveying bin is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is provided with a visual image device for identifying the type of herbaceous biomass materials, wherein the type of herbaceous biomass materials comprises biomass stems and leaves and biomass scraps; The embrittlement bin is internally provided with a second conveying screw rod, the conveying direction of the second conveying s