Search

CN-121394011-B - High-performance anti-interference fireproof cable and preparation method thereof

CN121394011BCN 121394011 BCN121394011 BCN 121394011BCN-121394011-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable which sequentially comprises a conductor core layer, a shielding layer, a mica tape wrapping fireproof layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside, wherein the conductor core layer is formed by symmetrically twisting a plurality of tin-plated copper wires, gaps are filled with glass fiber ropes containing zinc borate, the shielding layer is a surface composite polyaniline/carbon black coating aluminum magnesium alloy wire woven net, the outer sheath layer contains 65-70 parts of resin matrix components and is formed by copolymerizing a phosphaphenanthrene-triazine-silane-diene A section monomer and a benzoxazole-thiophene-pyrazolyl diene B section monomer. The preparation method of the high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable provided by the invention comprises the steps of forming a shielding layer, preparing a flame-retardant mica tape, preparing an outer sheath layer resin matrix and an outer sheath material, and performing cable assembly operation, so that the breakthrough of mechanical performance, shielding efficiency and fireproof safety is realized, and the requirements of the high-end equipment field on high shielding, high flame retardance and high flexibility of the cable can be met.

Inventors

  • LIN DONGTAO
  • Qin Jiangmai
  • SHENG SHOUGUO

Assignees

  • 广东澳通特种电缆有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251028

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable is characterized by comprising the following components in sequence from inside to outside: The conductor core layer is a symmetrical star-shaped stranding structure of a plurality of strands of tinned copper wires, and the stranding pitch is 8-12 times of the diameter of the conductor; The shielding layer is an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire woven net covering the core layer, the weaving density is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the surface is compounded with polyaniline/carbon black coating; The fire-retardant layer is a mica tape wrapping layer wrapping the shielding layer, and the surface of the mica tape wrapping layer is coated with a flame-retardant adhesive, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive contains nano flaky aluminum hydroxide, polyphosphate melamine salt and organic silicon resin; The outer sheath layer comprises 65-70 parts by weight of resin matrix components, wherein the resin matrix is formed by copolymerizing monomers of the section A and the section B; The A section is phosphaphenanthrene-triazine-silane-based diene monomer and has a structure shown as a formula I: (I) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, ; The segment B is a benzoxazole-thiophene-pyrazolyl diene monomer, and has a structure as shown in a formula II: (II) wherein, , One of Y 1 ,Y 2 ,Y 3 ,Y 4 is connected with M through an oxygen atom, and the rest is H atoms.
  2. 2. The cable of claim 1, wherein the outer jacket layer further comprises, in parts by mass: 22-30 parts of functional filler comprising 7-10 parts of fly ash and 15-20 parts of magnesium hydroxide; 4.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent, which comprises 0.3-0.5 part of alpha-tocopherol, 0.5-0.8 part of phosphite ester antioxidant, 1.8-2.1 parts of silicone lubricant, 0.3-0.5 part of zinc stearate, 0.1-0.3 part of hydrotalcite, 1.0-1.2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 0.5-0.6 part of accelerator; The sieve residue of the fly ash is less than or equal to 10wt%, the D50 particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 5-10 mu m, the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, and the accelerator is triallyl isocyanurate.
  3. 3. The cable according to claim 1, wherein zinc borate loading is 8-10wt% in the conductor core layer; in the shielding layer, the thickness of the polyaniline/carbon black composite coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the polyaniline/carbon black composite coating is formed through in-situ polymerization and spin coating processes; the solid content of the flame-retardant adhesive of the fireproof layer is 40-50%, and the solid comprises, by mass, 100 parts of organic silicon resin, 45-50 parts of nano flaky aluminum hydroxide and 5-8 parts of melamine polyphosphate; The organic silicon resin is methyl phenyl silicon resin, the specific surface area of nano-sheet aluminum hydroxide is more than or equal to 20m 2 /g, the nitrogen content of the polyphosphate melamine salt is more than or equal to 38wt% and the phosphorus content is more than or equal to 14wt%.
  4. 4. The cable of claim 1, wherein the segment a monomer is synthesized by the following route: Under the atmosphere of S1. N 2 , 2-vinyl-4, 6-diamino-1, 3, 5-triazine reacts with DOPO for 5-8 hours at 100-115 ℃ under the condition that the molar ratio of the acid catalyst to the DOPO is 1:0.99-1.05, so as to obtain an A1 intermediate, wherein the acid catalyst is trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the phase transfer catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, and the dosage of the acid catalyst and the DOPO is respectively 0.8-1.5wt% and 0.1-0.2wt% of the total mass of reactants; S2, nucleophilic substitution is carried out on an A1 intermediate and an alkenyl hydroxyl terminated silane derivative for 3-5 hours at 80-95 ℃ under the catalysis of potassium hydroxide and crown ether in the molar ratio of 1:2.05-2.20 in the N 2 atmosphere to obtain an A segment monomer, wherein the potassium hydroxide dosage is 1.0-1.2 times of the molar amount of the A1 intermediate, the crown ether is 18-crown-6, and the molar ratio of the crown ether to the A1 intermediate is 0.05-0.10:1; The terminal alkenylhydroxysilane derivative is selected from 1-hydroxy allyltrimethylsilane, 2-hydroxy-3- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propoxy ] methacrylate, or allyloxy-tert-butyl-dimethylsilane.
  5. 5. The cable of claim 1 wherein the B-block monomer is synthesized by the following route: 1) Under N 2 atmosphere, 1, 3-benzoxazole-y-alcohol and vinyl-1H-pyrazole with the molar ratio of 1:0.99-1.03 are subjected to stirring reaction for 45-50H in halogenated solvent at room temperature under the mediation of an oxidative coupling system to obtain a B1 intermediate, wherein y=4, 5,6 and 7; the oxidative coupling system comprises 2, 6-tetramethyl piperidine oxide and (diacetoxy iodine) benzene, and the dosage of the oxidative coupling system is 1.0-1.2 times and 1.8-2.2 times of the molar quantity of benzoxazole-y-alcohol respectively; 2) Under N 2 atmosphere, the B1 intermediate and the dibromothiophene derivative react for 4-6 hours under the catalysis of K 2 CO 3 at 70-85 ℃ according to the mol ratio of 1.95-2.05 to obtain a B section monomer, wherein the dosage of the potassium carbonate is 2.0-2.5 times of the mol amount of the B1 intermediate; the dibromothiophene derivative is selected from 2, 5-dibromo-3, 4-vinyl dioxythiophene or 2, 5-dibromothieno [3,2-b ] thiophene.
  6. 6. A method for preparing the cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Forming a shielding layer, namely spin-coating carbon black slurry after in-situ polymerization of polyaniline on an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire woven net, and solidifying; (2) Preparing an organic silicon resin flame-retardant adhesive containing nano-flake aluminum hydroxide and polyphosphate melamine salt, coating the adhesive on a mica tape substrate, and drying; (3) The synthesis of the resin matrix comprises the steps of carrying out a first polymerization reaction on a monomer in the section A at a first temperature in the presence of an inert atmosphere and a catalyst system, raising the temperature to a second temperature at a temperature raising rate of 1-2 ℃ per minute, adding a monomer in the section B, carrying out a second polymerization reaction, and stopping the reaction by an ice water bath after the reaction is finished to obtain a resin matrix melt; (4) Preparation of outer sheath material: ① Mixing, namely adding 70-80 wt% of the resin matrix, alpha-tocopherol and phosphite antioxidants in the step (3) into a double-screw extruder through a main feeding port, and adding pretreated magnesium hydroxide and fly ash after melting; ② Extruding, namely extruding and granulating at the temperature gradient of 140-180 ℃ at the rotating speed of the double screw of 250-300 rpm to obtain master batch; ③ Mixing, namely shearing and mixing the master batch with a vulcanization accelerator, and vulcanizing to obtain an outer sheath material; (5) The cable is assembled by sequentially coating the shielding layer of the step (1), the flame-retardant mica tape of the step (2) and the outer sheath material of the step (4) by a conductor core layer, and winding the cable into a disc after step vulcanization, gradient cooling and annealing treatment.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein in the step (1), polyaniline in-situ polymerization conditions are that 10wt% aniline hydrochloride aqueous solution is used for impregnating an aluminum magnesium alloy net, 25 ℃ is used for adsorption for 30min, ammonium persulfate with the same molar quantity as that of aniline is added dropwise for polymerization for 2h, the spin coating rotating speed is 3000+/-1000 rpm, and the curing parameters are 80 ℃ for curing for 10-20 min.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the feeding rate of the section A monomer is 0.5-0.7 mL/min, the time of the first polymerization reaction is 2-3 h, the first temperature is 58-65 ℃, the feeding rate of the section B monomer is 0.7-0.9 mL/min, the time of the second polymerization reaction is 3.5-4.5 h, and the second temperature is 68-75 ℃; the catalyst system comprises an initiator, a copper salt catalyst and a ligand, wherein the feeding mole ratio of the initiator to the copper salt catalyst to the ligand is = (0.7-1.0): (1.5-2.5): 1, the initiator is ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, the copper salt catalyst is cuprous bromide, and the ligand is N, N, N ', N ' ', N ' ' -pentamethyldivinyl triamine.
  9. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the temperature gradient of the twin-screw extruder is specifically 140 ℃ in a feeding section, 150-160 ℃ in a melting section, 170-180 ℃ in a mixing section and 160-165 ℃ in an extruding section, the feeding temperature of the side feeding port is less than or equal to 100 ℃ and the rotating speed is less than or equal to 280rpm, the vulcanizing operation is performed in a continuous vulcanizing pipeline protected by nitrogen, the temperature is 160-170 ℃, the pressure is 12-15 MPa, the vulcanizing time is 10-15 min, and the cooling rate is 5-8 ℃ per min.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (5), the cable is coated, then the cable is sent into a continuous vulcanization pipeline and is led with nitrogen for protection, and is vulcanized for 5min at 140-150 ℃ and 12-15 MPa, and then the temperature is raised to 160-170 ℃ and 15-20 MPa for 8min; The gradient cooling operation is that after vulcanization, the material is treated by a 80 ℃ hot water bath for 5min, a 50 ℃ warm water bath for 5min and finally water-cooled by 25 ℃ for 10min, wherein the cooling rate is 5-8 ℃ per min; The annealing treatment operation is that the cooled cable is placed in a 70-80 ℃ oven to be kept for 2-4 hours, and the cooled cable is naturally cooled to room temperature.

Description

High-performance anti-interference fireproof cable and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof. Background With the rapid development of the fields of construction, rail transit, new energy power generation and the like, the number of electrical equipment and communication systems is continuously increased, the requirements on cable safety and signal transmission stability are also continuously improved, and the high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable becomes a key matched component. However, conventional cables have a number of drawbacks. Firstly, many traditional cables have poor flame retardant property, are extremely easy to burn and release a large amount of toxic smoke when a fire disaster occurs, so that the spread of fire can be accelerated, the life safety of personnel is seriously threatened, and the environment is greatly endangered. Secondly, when the cable transmits signals, the cable is often subjected to external electromagnetic interference, so that the signal transmission quality is greatly reduced, and the normal operation of equipment is further affected. Thirdly, when the cable is directly exposed to a humid and salt fog environment, galvanic corrosion is easy to occur, the volume resistivity is increased by more than 30% after 1000h of salt fog resistance, and the shielding performance is suddenly reduced. Therefore, the prior art is difficult to solve the synergistic problem of the anti-interference, flame-retardant and weather-resistant properties at the same time, and development of new processes and materials is needed to prepare the high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-performance anti-interference fireproof cable, which sequentially comprises, from inside to outside: The conductor core layer is a symmetrical star-shaped stranding structure of a plurality of strands of tinned copper wires, and the stranding pitch is 8-12 times of the diameter of the conductor; The shielding layer is an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire woven net covering the core layer, the weaving density is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the surface is compounded with polyaniline/carbon black coating; The fire-retardant layer is a mica tape wrapping layer wrapping the shielding layer, and the surface of the mica tape wrapping layer is coated with a flame-retardant adhesive, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive contains nano flaky aluminum hydroxide, polyphosphate melamine salt and organic silicon resin; The outer sheath layer comprises 65-70 parts by weight of resin matrix components, wherein the resin matrix is formed by copolymerizing monomers of the section A and the section B; the A section is phosphaphenanthrene-triazine silane-based diene monomer, and has a structure shown in a formula I: (I) Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, ; The segment B is a benzoxazole-thiophene-pyrazolyl diene monomer, and has a structure as shown in a formula II: (II) wherein, ,One of Y 1,Y2,Y3,Y4 is connected with M through an oxygen atom, and the rest is H atoms. Further, the outer sheath layer further comprises, in parts by mass: 22-30 parts of functional filler comprising 7-10 parts of fly ash and 15-20 parts of magnesium hydroxide; 4.5-5 parts of auxiliary agent, which comprises 0.3-0.5 part of alpha-tocopherol, 0.5-0.8 part of phosphite ester antioxidant, 1.8-2.1 parts of silicone lubricant, 0.3-0.5 part of zinc stearate, 0.1-0.3 part of hydrotalcite, 1.0-1.2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 0.5-0.6 part of accelerator; The sieve residue of the fly ash is less than or equal to 10wt%, the D50 particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 5-10 mu m, the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide, and the accelerator is triallyl isocyanurate. Further, in the conductor core layer, the zinc borate loading amount is 8-10wt%; in the shielding layer, the thickness of the polyaniline/carbon black composite coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the polyaniline/carbon black composite coating is formed through in-situ polymerization and spin coating processes; the solid content of the flame-retardant adhesive of the fireproof layer is 40-50%, and the solid content of the flame-retardant adhesive comprises, by mass, 100 parts of organic silicon resin, 45-50 parts of nano sheet aluminum hydroxide and 5-8 parts of melamine polyphosphate, wherein the organic silicon resin is methyl phenyl silicone resin, the specific surface area of the nano sheet aluminum hydroxide is more than or equal to 20m 2/g, the nitrogen content of the melamine polyphosphate is more than or equal to 38wt% and the phosphorus content of the melamine polyphosphate is more than or equa