CN-121447868-B - Continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers

CN121447868BCN 121447868 BCN121447868 BCN 121447868BCN-121447868-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers. A3D printing head device of a continuous fiber composite material for rapidly switching resin fibers comprises a fixed support, a feeding device, an inner nozzle switching mechanism, a resin feeding pipe, a continuous fiber feeding pipe and a two-in-one-out printing hot end, wherein the fixed support is used for fixing each component part of the printing head and integrally fixing the printing head to a moving system of a printer, the feeding device is two independent material feeding devices which are respectively and correspondingly used for feeding continuous fibers and resin wires, the inner nozzle switching mechanism is used for controlling on-off of a continuous fiber feeding channel, the resin feeding pipe is communicated with the two-in-one-out printing hot end and used for conveying the resin wires, the problems of printing head switching and printing head alignment in the material switching process are avoided, and the manufacturing efficiency and the manufacturing precision are improved.

Inventors

LI LONGQIU
Tian Huichun
QIAO JING
ZHOU JIAHAO
WANG ZHEN
XIAO FENG
ZHOU DEKAI
LU JIA

Assignees

哈尔滨工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251230

Claims (7)

1. A continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers is characterized by comprising a fixed support (1), a feeding device (2), an inner nozzle switching mechanism (3), a resin feeding pipe (4), a continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) and a two-in-one-out printing hot end (6), wherein the fixed support (1) is used for fixing each component part of the printing head and integrally fixing the printing head on a moving system of a printer, the feeding device (2) is two independent material feeding devices and is respectively and correspondingly used for feeding continuous fibers and resin wires, the inner nozzle switching mechanism (3) is used for controlling the on-off of a continuous fiber feeding channel, the resin feeding pipe (4) is communicated with the two-in-one-out printing hot end (6) and is used for conveying the resin wires, the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) is arranged inside the two-in-out printing hot end (6) in a penetrating manner and is used for conveying the continuous fibers, and the two-in-out printing hot end (6) can be used for respectively extruding or switching and extruding the resin materials and the continuous fiber materials; The inner nozzle switching mechanism (3) comprises a driving steering engine (33), a steering engine rocker arm (31), a rotary screw (32) and a metal wire (34), wherein the metal wire (34) is connected with the steering engine rocker arm (31) through the rotary screw (32) and can rotate relatively, the lower end of the metal wire (34) penetrates into an opening at the side of a continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) with a two-in one-out printing hot end (6), and the metal wire (34) is driven to move up and down in the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) through the rotation of the driving steering engine (33); The two-in one-out printing hot end (6) comprises a fiber feeding pipe fixer (61), a resin extrusion hot end radiator (62), a printing head fixing frame (63), a temperature sensor (64), a heating block (65), a sealing bolt (66), a printing head outer nozzle (67), a heating rod (68), an inner nozzle transition nut (69) and an inner nozzle (70), wherein the printing head fixing frame (63) is composed of three parts and is used for fixing the resin extrusion hot end radiator (62) and the fiber feeding pipe fixer (61), the fiber feeding pipe fixer (61) is used for fixing a continuous fiber feeding pipe (5), the heating block (65) is made of heat-conducting metal materials, the upper part of the heating block is connected with the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) and the resin extrusion hot end radiator (62) respectively, a resin flow channel is formed in the side face of the heating block, the sealing bolt (66) is used for sealing the resin flow channel and preventing resin from overflowing, the printing head outer nozzle (67) is installed at the lower end of the heating block (65), and the inner nozzle transition nut (69) is installed at the left nozzle side of the heating block (65).
2. The continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers is characterized in that the feeding device (2) comprises a first feeding pipe (21), a second feeding pipe (22), a fiber feeding motor (23), a resin feeding motor (24), a continuous fiber feeding wheel (25) and a resin wire feeding wheel (26), the first feeding pipe (21) is a continuous fiber conveying channel, the second feeding pipe (22) is a resin wire conveying channel, the fiber feeding motor (23) is in transmission connection with the continuous fiber feeding wheel (25) to form a continuous fiber feeding driving mechanism, the resin feeding motor (24) is in transmission connection with the resin wire feeding wheel (26) to form a resin wire feeding driving mechanism, and the two driving mechanisms drive a gear set to rotate through the motor to realize material feeding.
3. A resin fiber rapid switching continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device according to claim 1, wherein the runner of the inner nozzle (70) is of a structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, the upper end can accommodate and be tightly matched with a continuous fiber feeding pipe (5), the inner diameter of the extension section of the lower end is matched with the diameter of a metal wire (34), and sealing can be realized by penetrating the metal wire (34).
4. The resin fiber rapid switching continuous fiber composite 3D printing head device according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) is provided with a long notch for penetrating a metal wire (34) of the inner nozzle switching mechanism (3), and the tail end of the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) penetrates into the inner nozzle (70).
5. A resin fiber fast switching continuous fiber composite 3D printhead device according to claim 1, characterized in that the resin material enters the interior of the heating block (65) through the resin extrusion hot end radiator (62) and melts, flows to the outer space of the inner nozzle transition nut (69) and the inner nozzle (70) through the transverse channel in the interior of the heating block (65), finally is extruded from the outer nozzle (67) of the printhead, and the continuous fiber material passes through the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5), passes through the inner nozzle (70) and is extruded from the outer nozzle (67) of the printhead.
6. The device for rapidly switching resin fibers for a 3D printing head made of continuous fiber composite material according to claim 5, wherein the driving steering engine (33) drives the steering engine rocker arm (31) to rotate upwards, the tail end of the metal wire (34) can be pulled out of the slender extension section of the inner nozzle (70) to conduct the continuous fiber feeding channel, and the driving steering engine (33) drives the steering engine rocker arm (31) to rotate downwards, so that the tail end of the metal wire (34) can be penetrated into the slender extension section of the inner nozzle (70) to seal the continuous fiber feeding channel.
7. A resin fiber fast switching continuous fiber composite 3D printhead device according to claim 6, wherein: When printing continuous fiber materials, a driving steering engine (33) of an inner nozzle switching mechanism (3) is controlled to drive a steering engine rocker arm (31) to rotate upwards, a metal wire (34) is drawn out from an elongated extension section of an inner nozzle (70), a fiber feeding motor (23) is started, and the continuous fiber materials are extruded and printed from an outer nozzle (67) of a printing head through a continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) and the inner nozzle (70); When the pure resin material is printed, after the continuous fiber consumable in the continuous fiber feeding pipe (5) is completely extruded, the driving steering engine (33) is controlled to drive the steering engine rocker arm (31) to rotate downwards, the metal wire (34) penetrates into the slender extension section of the inner nozzle (70) to realize sealing, the resin feeding motor (24) is started, and the resin material is extruded and printed from the outer nozzle (67) of the printing head through the resin runner in the resin feeding pipe (4) and the heating block (65).

Description

Continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers Technical Field The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device capable of rapidly switching resin fibers. Background The existing continuous fiber reinforced composite additive manufacturing equipment at least comprises two printing heads, namely, one printing head prints pure resin and the other printing head prints reinforcing fibers. The printing head in the printing process is frequently switched, the printing head is switched by adding additional actions such as preheating, material preparation and the like, the time consumption is long, the material waste is large, the printing forming efficiency is reduced, the manufacturing cost is improved, meanwhile, the shape and position errors of the two printing heads are inevitably introduced by the double-nozzle assembly structure, and the printing precision is reduced. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the continuous fiber composite material 3D printing head device for rapidly switching the resin fibers, so that the problems of printing head switching and multi-printing head alignment in the material switching process are avoided, and the manufacturing efficiency and the manufacturing precision are improved. The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: The 3D printing head device for the continuous fiber composite material comprises a fixed support, a feeding device, an inner nozzle switching mechanism, a resin feeding pipe, a continuous fiber feeding pipe and a two-in-one-out printing hot end, wherein the fixed support is used for fixing each component part of the printing head and integrally fixing the printing head on a moving system of a printer, the feeding device is two independent material feeding devices which are respectively and correspondingly used for feeding continuous fibers and resin wires, the inner nozzle switching mechanism is used for controlling on and off of a continuous fiber feeding channel, the resin feeding pipe is communicated with the two-in-one-out printing hot end and used for conveying the resin wires, the continuous fiber feeding pipe is arranged inside the two-in-one-out printing hot end in a penetrating mode and used for conveying continuous fibers, and the two-in-one-out printing hot end can be used for respectively extruding or switching extrusion of the resin materials and the continuous fiber materials. The feeding device comprises a first feeding pipe, a second feeding pipe, a fiber feeding motor, a resin feeding motor, a continuous fiber feeding wheel and a resin wire feeding wheel, wherein the first feeding pipe is a continuous fiber conveying channel, the second feeding pipe is a resin wire conveying channel, the fiber feeding motor is in transmission connection with the continuous fiber feeding wheel to form a continuous fiber feeding driving mechanism, the resin feeding motor is in transmission connection with the resin wire feeding wheel to form a resin wire feeding driving mechanism, and the two driving mechanisms drive a gear set to rotate through the motor to realize material feeding. The inner nozzle switching mechanism comprises a driving steering engine, a steering engine rocker arm, a rotary screw and a metal wire, wherein the metal wire is connected with the steering engine rocker arm through the rotary screw and can rotate relatively, the lower end of the metal wire penetrates into a side opening of a continuous fiber feeding pipe with a printing hot end in a two-in-one-out mode, and the metal wire is driven to move up and down in the continuous fiber feeding pipe through rotation of the driving steering engine. The two-in one-out printing hot end comprises a fiber feeding pipe fixer, a resin extrusion hot end radiator, a printing head fixing frame, a temperature sensor, a heating block, a sealing bolt, an outer printing head nozzle, a heating rod, an inner nozzle transition nut and an inner nozzle, wherein the printing head fixing frame is composed of three parts and is used for fixing the resin extrusion hot end radiator and the fiber feeding pipe fixer, the fiber feeding pipe fixer is used for fixing a continuous fiber feeding pipe, the heating block is made of heat-conducting metal, the upper part of the heating block is respectively connected with the continuous fiber feeding pipe and the resin extrusion hot end radiator, mounting holes for mounting the heating rod and the temperature sensor are formed in the side face of the heating block, resin flow channels are formed in the heating block, the sealing bolt is used for sealing the resin flow channels to prevent resin from overflowing, the outer printing head nozzle is mounted at the lower end of the heating block, the inner nozzle transition nut is mounted on the left side of the heating block, an