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CN-121472618-B - In-situ reaction preparation GdBxPreparation method and application of/Al composite material

CN121472618BCN 121472618 BCN121472618 BCN 121472618BCN-121472618-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of neutron shielding materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method for preparing a GdB x /Al composite material through in-situ reaction and application thereof. The invention discloses a preparation method of a GdB x /Al composite material by in-situ reaction, which comprises the following steps of S1, smelting pure aluminum, obtaining a metal melt after complete smelting, heating the metal melt to 800-1300 ℃, adding aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials for reaction to obtain a reaction melt, S2, adding a refining agent into the reaction melt for stirring, then removing slag on the surface of the reaction melt, and casting into a mould for molding to obtain the GdB x /Al composite material. The composite material obtained by the preparation method has better physical properties and structural integrity.

Inventors

  • CUI PENGXING
  • SHI QIAN
  • ZHOU XIAOBING
  • LIU TONG
  • WANG GUOQING
  • QIN GANG

Assignees

  • 宁波杭州湾新材料研究院
  • 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260112

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The preparation method for preparing the GdB x /Al composite material by in-situ reaction is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, smelting pure aluminum at 700-800 ℃ to obtain a metal melt after complete smelting, heating the metal melt to 830-1300 ℃, and adding aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials for reaction to obtain a reaction melt; The addition amount of the rare earth material is 0.1-30.0wt% of the mass of pure aluminum; The rare earth material comprises one or more of Gd and GdH 2 、Gd 2 O 3 ; The addition amount of the aluminum-boron alloy is 0.1-85.0wt% of the mass of pure aluminum, the content of B in the aluminum-boron alloy is 1.0-20.0wt% in percentage by mass, and the balance is Al; S2, adding a refining agent into the reaction melt in the step S1, stirring, then removing slag on the surface of the reaction melt, and casting into a mould for forming to obtain the GdB x /Al composite material; the GdB x /Al composite material is an aluminum-based composite material containing GdB x particles, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 12.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the GdB x /Al composite material by in-situ reaction according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, a refining agent is placed into a graphite bell jar, the graphite bell jar is placed under the liquid level of the reaction melt and stirred for 5-30 min, and then the mixture is kept stand for 5-30 min at the temperature of 830-1300 ℃.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the GdB x /Al composite material by in-situ reaction according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the adding amount of the refining agent is 0.1-1wt% of the mass of the reaction melt.
  4. 4. The method of preparing a GdB x /Al composite by in situ reaction according to claim 1, wherein the method of preparing a GdB x /Al composite further comprises post-treatment comprising extrusion and/or rolling deformation; the extrusion ratio adopted in the extrusion molding is more than 10:1; The deformation amount is more than 30% during rolling deformation.
  5. 5. A GdB x /Al composite material, characterized in that it is prepared by a method of preparing a GdB x /Al composite material by in situ reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 4; the GdB x /Al composite material is an aluminum-based composite material containing GdB x particles, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 12.
  6. 6. The GdB x /Al composite of claim 5, wherein the mass of GdB x in the GdB x /Al composite is 0.1-30.0 wt% of the total mass of the composite.
  7. 7. Use of a GdB x /Al composite in neutron shielding and nuclear industries, characterized in that the GdB x /Al composite is prepared by the in-situ reaction process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to prepare a GdB x /Al composite, or is a GdB x /Al composite according to any one of claims 5 to 6.

Description

Preparation method and application of in-situ reaction prepared GdB x/Al composite material Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of neutron shielding materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method for preparing a GdB x/Al composite material through in-situ reaction and application thereof. Background With the rapid development of the technology level, the demand of energy is increasing. The excessive reliance on traditional energy sources such as coal and oil not only results in rapid consumption of resources, but also exacerbates the problem of environmental pollution, which has prompted us to find cleaner, more efficient energy solutions. Nuclear energy is used as an alternative energy source with low carbon emission and high energy density, and has great potential in relieving energy shortage and coping with climate change. However, the development of nuclear energy also presents new challenges, especially in the safe disposal of spent fuel. Spent fuel is the nuclear material remaining after operation of a nuclear power plant, which is highly radioactive and caloric, requiring special management and disposal methods. The current mainstream treatment is to temporarily store spent fuel and wait for technological progress to find a safer permanent treatment scheme. In this process, ensuring the safety of spent fuel during storage is critical, particularly to prevent potential threat of radiation leakage to the environment and public health. This requires a high performance neutron shielding material to provide a reliable protective barrier. To meet this need, those skilled in the art are exploring new materials that are capable of combining high strength and excellent neutron absorption properties. The ideal material should possess a high neutron absorption cross section and sufficient toughness to ensure stability and safety under extreme conditions. Boron (B) and gadolinium (Gd) elements are known for their excellent neutron absorption properties, and if a compound of these two elements can be combined with metallic aluminum, a composite material having both structural strength and functional properties can be developed for efficiently shielding neutron radiation. Currently, the process for preparing the ceramic-metal composite material relies mainly on powder metallurgy, which, while viable, limits its large-scale application due to its complexity and high cost. In view of this, researchers are working to find simpler and more economical ways of preparation to facilitate mass production and practical application of the GdB x/Al composite. Such innovations not only help to solve the problems in nuclear waste management, but will also pave the way for sustainable development of the nuclear energy industry. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention designs a preparation method for preparing the GdB x/Al composite material by in-situ reaction and application thereof. One object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: The preparation method for preparing the GdB x/Al composite material by in-situ reaction comprises the following steps: S1, smelting pure aluminum, namely, completely smelting to obtain a metal melt, heating the metal melt to 800-1300 ℃, and then adding aluminum boron alloy Al-B and a rare earth material for reaction to obtain a reaction melt; The addition amount of the rare earth material is 0.1-30.0wt% of the mass of pure aluminum; The rare earth material is gadolinium simple substance and/or gadolinium-containing alloy; S2, adding a refining agent into the reaction melt in the step S1, stirring, then removing slag on the surface of the reaction melt, and casting into a mould for forming to obtain the GdB x/Al composite material. Preferably, in the step S1, pure aluminum is a pure aluminum ingot, the content of impurity elements in the pure aluminum ingot is 0.1-0.4wt% and the balance is Al, and the impurity elements include one or more of Si, fe and Cu. Preferably, in the step S1, pure aluminum is melted at 700 to 800 ℃. Further preferably, pure aluminum is smelted at 730-760 ℃. Preferably, in the step S1, after the temperature of the molten metal is raised to 830-1300 ℃, aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth material are added for reaction for 15-120 min, and in the reaction process, graphite stirring rods are used for stirring at the speed of 60-120 r/min for 1-5 min at intervals of 10-20 min. Further preferably, after the temperature of the metal melt is raised to 900-1200 ℃, adding aluminum-boron alloy and rare earth materials for reacting for 20-60 min. Preferably, in the step S1, the content of B in the aluminum-boron alloy is 1.0 to 20.0wt% based on the mass percentage, and the balance is Al. Further preferably, the content of B in the aluminum-boron alloy is 3.0-8.0wt% and the balance is Al. Preferably, in the step S1, the addition amount of the aluminum-boron alloy is 0.1 to 85.0wt% of the