CN-121509476-B - Perforation and logging data depth fusion method, system, equipment and medium based on multilayer collaborative architecture

CN121509476BCN 121509476 BCN121509476 BCN 121509476BCN-121509476-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of perforation of oil and gas wells, in particular to a perforation and logging data depth fusion method based on a multilayer collaborative architecture, which comprises the steps of predefining a plurality of operation stages and a collection rate configuration table in a downhole control unit; the method comprises the steps of calling a first acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to a current operation stage by using a downhole control unit, controlling a logging sensor to acquire stratum parameters and upload data, controlling a perforating device to perform state communication, switching the current operation stage to a perforating execution stage when a preset perforating trigger condition is met, calling a second acquisition rate configuration table, distributing the highest communication priority to the perforating device to execute perforating operation, and performing time alignment and fusion processing on logging data in a time window at the time point of a perforating ignition event to form a correlation data set. By using the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the operation efficiency of perforation and well logging can be improved.

Inventors

ZHU JIANQIAO
ZHANG CHENGBIN
ZHAO JINLONG
HUANG HE
LU HAOJIE
LIU HONGJIN
DENG LIYUAN
GUAN CHANGHONG
YANG MU

Assignees

川南航天能源科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260113

Claims (7)

1. The perforation and logging data depth fusion method based on the multilayer collaborative architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps of: According to the perforation and logging operation flow of the target oil-gas well, predefining a plurality of operation stages in a downhole control unit and a collection rate configuration table corresponding to each operation stage respectively, wherein the collection rate configuration table comprises: Defining a well descending detection stage and a perforation execution stage; A first acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the well logging detection stage is configured, wherein the data acquisition rates of the gamma sensor and the magnetic positioning sensor are set to be a first value and a first data uploading priority is given, the data acquisition rates of the resistivity sensor and the acoustic sensor are set to be a second value and a second data uploading priority is given, and the communication priority of the perforation control instruction is set to be lower than the second data uploading priority; Configuring a second acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the perforating execution stage, wherein the communication priority of the perforating control instruction is set to be the highest priority, the data acquisition rates of the pressure sensor and the vibration sensor are set to be a third value, and a third data uploading priority is given to the data, and the third data uploading priority is lower than the highest priority; in the underground operation process, a first acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the current operation stage is called by an underground control unit, a logging sensor is controlled to acquire stratum parameters and upload data according to the first acquisition rate configuration table, and a perforating device is controlled to perform state communication; When a preset perforation trigger condition is met, the underground control unit switches the current operation stage to a perforation execution stage, invokes a second acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the perforation execution stage, distributes the highest communication priority to a perforation device to execute perforation operation according to the second acquisition rate configuration table, and simultaneously controls a logging sensor to continuously acquire preset monitoring parameters at a designated acquisition rate, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving an encryption perforation instruction from a ground system, and decrypting and checking the encryption perforation instruction; based on the logging data acquired in real time, judging whether the downhole tool string reaches a target perforation layer or not by comparing a preset standard curve with the real-time logging curve; Performing perforation safety inspection, including power supply voltage inspection, communication link connectivity testing, and perforation device circuit inspection; When the encrypted perforation instruction is successfully checked, the underground tool string reaches a target perforation layer and the safety inspection passes, judging that the perforation triggering condition is met, and switching the current operation stage to a perforation execution stage; Receiving data uploaded by a downhole system by using a ground system, and performing time alignment and fusion processing on a time point of a perforation firing event and logging data in a time window based on a unified time reference synchronized with the downhole system to form an associated data set for evaluating perforation effects, wherein the method comprises the following steps: Taking a time point of a perforation ignition event as a center, extracting logging sensor raw data in a time window, wherein the logging sensor raw data comprises pressure sensor data and vibration sensor data; Processing the pressure sensor data in the time window, and extracting the peak amplitude and the pulse duration of the pressure pulse as first characteristics; Processing the vibration sensor data in the time window, extracting the amplitude of the vibration signal as a second characteristic, and judging that an effective perforation vibration event occurs when the second characteristic is larger than a preset threshold value; Correlating the first characteristic with the second characteristic with operation parameters of the current perforation, wherein the operation parameters comprise perforating charges, charge quantity and phase angle; and forming a structured record by the associated data and storing the structured record in a database.
2. The multi-layer collaborative architecture based perforation and logging data depth fusion method of claim 1, further comprising: Generating a cyclic redundancy check code for a data frame to be transmitted by a transmitting end and attaching the cyclic redundancy check code to the data frame before transmitting the data through a communication module of the underground system; at a data receiving end of a ground system, performing cyclic redundancy check on the received data frame; if the verification fails, the receiving end generates a retransmission request instruction and sends the retransmission request instruction to the sending end, and requests to retransmit the corresponding data frame; The sending end counts the times of the received retransmission request instruction in unit time, if the times exceed a first preset threshold, the data transmission rate is reduced, and if the times exceed a second preset threshold which is higher than the first preset threshold, the coding modulation mode is switched.
3. The multi-layer co-architecture based perforation and logging data depth fusion method of claim 2, further comprising: continuously monitoring whether a main processor of the underground control unit sends a heartbeat pulse signal according to a preset period through a hardware monitoring circuit; if the heartbeat pulse signal is not received within a preset timeout period, judging that the underground control unit fails, and after judging that the underground control unit fails, sending a switching control signal to the line switching circuit by the hardware monitoring circuit; the circuit switching circuit acts after receiving the switching control signal, and switches the communication channel of the single-core cable from a controlled path connected with the underground control unit to a direct connection path directly connected with the perforating device; Under the direct path, perforating commands from the surface system bypass the failed downhole control unit and are directly transmitted to the perforating device to perform perforating operations.
4. The multi-layer collaborative architecture based perforation and logging data depth fusion method of claim 3, further comprising: Periodically collecting working parameters of the perforating device, working parameters of the logging sensor and working parameters of a communication link; comparing the acquired parameters with corresponding preset threshold ranges respectively; if any parameter exceeds the threshold range of the parameter for a preset time length, judging that the corresponding functional module fails and generating a reset signal; and carrying out hardware reset on the underground control unit by using a reset signal, and reloading the acquisition rate configuration table after the reset is completed.
5. A multi-layer collaborative architecture-based perforating and logging data depth fusion system for performing the multi-layer collaborative architecture-based perforating and logging data depth fusion method of any one of claims 1-4, the system comprising a surface system and a downhole system, wherein: The underground system comprises a perforation module, a logging module, a control unit and a communication module; The control unit is configured to predefine a plurality of operation stages according to perforation and logging operation flow of a target oil-gas well, and acquisition rate configuration tables corresponding to the operation stages respectively, and is used for calling the acquisition rate configuration tables corresponding to the current operation stages to control the logging module and the perforation module; the communication module is configured to perform data transmission between the underground system and the ground system; The ground system is configured to send instructions to the underground system, receive and process data uploaded by the underground system, and perform time alignment and fusion processing on the time point of the perforation ignition event and logging data in a time window based on a unified time reference synchronized with the underground system.
6. An electronic device, comprising: At least one processor, and A memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multi-layer co-architecture based perforation and logging data depth fusion method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the perforation and logging data depth fusion method based on a multi-layer collaborative architecture according to any one of claims 1-4.

Description

Perforation and logging data depth fusion method, system, equipment and medium based on multilayer collaborative architecture Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of perforation of oil and gas wells, in particular to a perforation and logging data depth fusion method, system, equipment and medium based on a multilayer collaborative architecture. Background In unconventional oil and gas resource development, multi-stage clustering perforation and logging combined operation is a key technology for improving oil and gas recovery efficiency. Single-core cables are currently commonly used in the industry as the only communication and power supply channel between the downhole tool string and the surface system. Under this physical constraint, the prior art solutions are mainly improved around a single level of communication protocol optimization or sensor integration. For example, CN119641325A proposes a single-core cable high-speed communication method, which aims to improve the data transmission rate of the physical layer, and provides a basic communication pipeline for solving the co-transmission of perforation instructions and logging data. However, such schemes still consider perforation and logging as two independent or manually switched functional modules, failing to achieve depth coordination of perforation and logging functions at the workflow and control logic level from the system level. Based on this, while the prior art has achieved to some extent the co-transfer of data over physical channels, the systematic technical bottlenecks derived therefrom have not been addressed. Firstly, perforation and logging operations are divided into independent stages to be sequentially executed, the operation flow is still cracked, the operation period is long, and the perforation strategy cannot be dynamically optimized by utilizing real-time stratum data. And secondly, the bandwidth constraint of the single-core cable enables the low-delay high-reliability transmission requirement of the perforation control instruction and the large-bandwidth continuous transmission requirement of the well logging data to form fundamental conflict, and the well logging data and the perforation event are mutually independent in the time dimension and the system architecture, so that stratum response information is difficult to use for real-time monitoring and effect evaluation of the perforation process. The prior art scheme focuses on the improvement of single technical aspects such as communication protocol optimization or sensor integration, and the like, and fails to construct a cooperative framework covering communication resource allocation, dynamic scheduling control and data fusion application, so that perforation safety, continuous acquisition of logging data and real-time evaluation of operation effects are difficult to unify, and the technical scheme becomes a core technical bottleneck for restricting deep fusion of perforation and logging technology. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problem that perforation operation, logging data acquisition and real-time effect evaluation are difficult to consider under the limited bandwidth of a single-core cable, and improve the operation efficiency of perforation and logging, the invention provides a perforation and logging data depth fusion method, a perforation and logging system, equipment and media based on a multilayer collaborative architecture, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows: The technical scheme of the first aspect of the invention provides a perforation and logging data depth fusion method based on a multilayer collaborative architecture, which comprises the following steps: Predefining a plurality of operation stages and acquisition rate configuration tables corresponding to the operation stages respectively in an underground control unit according to perforation and logging operation flow of a target oil-gas well, wherein the acquisition rate configuration tables comprise communication priority of perforation control instructions, data acquisition rate of a logging sensor and uploading priority; in the underground operation process, a first acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the current operation stage is called by an underground control unit, a logging sensor is controlled to acquire stratum parameters and upload data according to the first acquisition rate configuration table, and a perforating device is controlled to perform state communication; When a preset perforation triggering condition is met, the underground control unit switches the current operation stage to a perforation execution stage, invokes a second acquisition rate configuration table corresponding to the perforation execution stage, distributes the highest communication priority to a perforation device to execute perforation operation according to the second acquisition rate configuration table, and simultaneously contro