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CN-121525479-B - Preparation method of multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing

CN121525479BCN 121525479 BCN121525479 BCN 121525479BCN-121525479-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing, which relates to the technical field of sealing element manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems that a sealing element application scene keyword map in a sealing element parameter database corresponds to quantization parameters of each sealing element part, a target application scene keyword is input into the database based on actual production requirements of the sealing element, and the database automatically outputs the quantization parameters of each corresponding sealing element part through fuzzy matching and priority ordering. According to the invention, by constructing the sealing element component parameter database based on the application scene, the accurate mapping of the working condition requirements and the component quantization parameters is realized, the experience dependence of parameter setting in the traditional process is avoided, and the performance of each component is ensured to be highly matched with the actual working condition. The dynamic optimization mechanism of the database is combined with a random forest machine learning algorithm, so that new scene data can be continuously incorporated, the parameter mapping precision is improved, and the adaptability of the method to various working conditions is enhanced.

Inventors

  • WANG JIANKUI
  • TENG QINGLEI
  • WANG RUISEN

Assignees

  • 河北世翔密封件有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20251119

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step 1, setting a sealing element part parameter database based on a sealing element application scene, wherein the sealing element application scene keyword mapping in the sealing element part parameter database corresponds to quantization parameters of each sealing element part; Step 2, inputting target application scene keywords into the database based on the actual production requirement of the sealing element, and automatically outputting quantization parameters of all parts of the corresponding sealing element by the database through fuzzy matching and priority ordering; step 3, designing a multi-material system formula according to the quantization parameters of all the parts of the sealing element output in the step 2; Step 4, according to the quantization parameters, FDM equipment is selected, a temperature-controllable charging barrel, a heating forming platform, an in-situ curing module and a real-time monitoring camera are provided, and the temperature, the feeding speed and the extrusion speed of the charging barrel are adjusted to be matched; step 5, constructing a sealing member model by adopting CAD software, dividing the thickness of a functional area and a transition layer according to the output parameters of the step 2, layering by using slicing software, planning a filling path for each spray head, and adopting a gradient mixing path in the transition area; step 6, preparing the materials of each formula into filaments or paste, vacuum drying, loading into corresponding nozzle barrels, and adjusting the feeding speed to be matched with the extrusion speed; step 7, the pretreatment forming platform prints the base layer of the mounting part, then co-deposits the sealing lip and the wear-resistant area material through the cooperation of a plurality of spray heads, and synchronously performs in-situ solidification, and monitors and adjusts the printing state in real time; Step 8, performing secondary curing on the sealing element, performing plasma treatment on the wear-resistant area, removing the support, trimming and polishing to obtain a product; In the step 1, the sealing element component parameter database is a three-level architecture of scenes, keywords and component parameters, wherein the three-level architecture is divided into a large class of core application scenes of automobiles, aerospace, engineering machinery and electronic equipment 4, and 3-5 subdivision scene labels are arranged in each class of scenes; the quantitative parameters comprise mechanical properties, environmental adaptability and dimensional accuracy, wherein the mechanical properties comprise rigidity of a mounting part, creep rate, elastic modulus of a sealing lip, elongation at break and Shore hardness of a wear-resistant area; In the step 3, the formula of the multi-material system comprises the following steps that a mounting part material takes fluororubber or nitrile rubber as a matrix, 15% -20% of carbon fiber is added for reinforcement, 3% -5% of nano silicon dioxide is matched for creep reduction, a sealing lip material takes silicone rubber or EPDM as a matrix, 12% -15% of polyolefin elastomer is added for improving flexibility, 2% -3% of anti-ultraviolet agent and 1% -2% of antioxidant are added, a wear-resistant area material takes PU or EPDM as a matrix, 15% -20% of silicon carbide particles are added, and 6% -8% of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene compatilizer is added among the materials to ensure that the interfacial bonding force is more than or equal to 15N/m.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the sealing element component parameter database also establishes a dynamic optimization mechanism, periodically inputs actual measurement data of a new application scene, and optimizes the mapping precision of keywords and parameters by adopting a random forest machine learning algorithm; the three elements of the field, the part and the working condition of the scene keyword are converted into n-dimensional feature vectors X: ; Wherein: For the purpose of field coding, The code for the component is such that, As a function of the temperature parameter(s), As a function of the pressure parameter, For the encoding of the type of medium, Other working condition parameters; The random forest integration prediction formula is as follows: Wherein Quantifying the parameters for the predicted seal component; The prediction value of the feature vector X for the kth decision tree is obtained, and m is the number of decision trees.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the step 2, the priority ordering rule is to match scene keywords in the same field and under the same working condition preferentially, the parameters are output and then are compared with the supplementary requirements of the actual working condition, and the parameters are manually supplementary and synchronously input into a database when deviation exists.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing member based on additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein in the step 4, the FDM equipment is equipment with 3 or more spray heads, the aperture of each spray head is 0.2-0.4 mm, the temperature of the charging barrel is controlled to be 180-220 ℃, the temperature of the fluororubber-based material is controlled to be 180-200-C, PU, the temperature of the forming platform is controlled to be 60-80 ℃, the temperature of the fluororubber-based material is controlled to be 190-200-C, PU, and the in-situ curing module is an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365nm, and the irradiation intensity is 8-12mW/cm < 2 >.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing, which is disclosed in claim 4, is characterized in that in step 5, CAD software is SolidWorks, slicing software is Cura, the thickness of the transition layer is 50-100 μm, the thickness of the slice layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, each functional area filling path comprises spiral filling of an installation part, parallel filling of a sealing lip and crossed filling of a wear-resistant area, and the material ratio of the gradient mixing path of the transition area is gradually changed according to 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing, which is disclosed in claim 5, is characterized in that in step 6, reinforced phase particles are subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment with power of 250-300W for 25-30 min, the feeding speed is controlled to be 5-10 mm/s, the matching degree of the feeding speed and the extrusion speed is more than or equal to 95%, and 10 layers of test bars are printed in a test manner without broken filaments and accumulation during debugging.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing according to claim 6, wherein in the step 7, the pretreatment of the forming platform comprises the steps of smearing polytetrafluoroethylene release agent and preheating to 65-70 ℃, wherein the base layer of the installation part is printed with 15-20 layers, and the thickness is 1.5-2 mm; the real-time adjustment measures comprise that the speed of the spray head is reduced by 3% -5% when the material overflows, and the positioning adjustment precision of the X or Y axis of the spray head is +/-0.005 mm when the path is deviated.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing, which is characterized in that in the step 8, the secondary curing is hot air circulation curing under the conditions of 110-120 ℃ and 1.5-2h, the plasma treatment is argon atmosphere, the power is 450-500W, the time is 50-60s, the burr height after trimming is less than or equal to 0.02mm, and the surface roughness Ra of a polished sealing lip is less than or equal to 0.8 mu m.

Description

Preparation method of multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of sealing element manufacture, in particular to a preparation method of a multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing. Background The sealing element is used as a key component of industrial equipment and civil products, and the performance of the sealing element directly influences the sealing performance, the reliability and the service life of the equipment. The traditional sealing element is prepared by adopting single material molding, extrusion and other processes, so that the functional requirements of different parts of the sealing element are difficult to meet. For example, the mounting portion needs to have high rigidity to ensure assembly stability, the sealing lip needs to have high elasticity to achieve a sealing effect, the wear area needs to have high hardness to resist wear, and a single material often has a performance short plate, resulting in a limited overall service life of the seal. The existing multi-material sealing piece is prepared by adopting a combination process of bonding, embedding and the like, the interface binding force of different materials is poor, layering and falling phenomena are easy to occur when working conditions change, the process steps are complex, and the production efficiency is low. Although some attempts of additive manufacturing technology are adopted, the precise parameter matching mechanism aiming at different application scenes is lacked, the material formula and the technological parameters are set empirically, the precise adaptation of the performance and the working condition is difficult to realize, meanwhile, the multi-material transition area is easy to have performance mutation, the overall reliability of the sealing element is influenced, and the severe requirements of high-end equipment on the sealing element cannot be met. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing. The following technical scheme is adopted: The preparation method of the multi-material composite sealing element based on additive manufacturing comprises the following steps: Step 1, setting a sealing element part parameter database based on a sealing element application scene, wherein the sealing element application scene keyword mapping in the sealing element part parameter database corresponds to quantization parameters of each sealing element part; Step 2, inputting target application scene keywords into the database based on the actual production requirement of the sealing element, and automatically outputting quantization parameters of all parts of the corresponding sealing element by the database through fuzzy matching and priority ordering; step 3, designing a multi-material system formula according to the quantization parameters of all the parts of the sealing element output in the step 2; Step 4, according to the quantization parameters, FDM equipment is selected, a temperature-controllable charging barrel, a heating forming platform, an in-situ curing module and a real-time monitoring camera are provided, and the temperature, the feeding speed and the extrusion speed of the charging barrel are adjusted to be matched; step 5, constructing a sealing member model by adopting CAD software, dividing the thickness of a functional area and a transition layer according to the output parameters of the step 2, layering by using slicing software, planning a filling path for each spray head, and adopting a gradient mixing path in the transition area; step 6, preparing the materials of each formula into filaments or paste, vacuum drying, loading into corresponding nozzle barrels, and adjusting the feeding speed to be matched with the extrusion speed; step 7, the pretreatment forming platform prints the base layer of the mounting part, then co-deposits the sealing lip and the wear-resistant area material through the cooperation of a plurality of spray heads, and synchronously performs in-situ solidification, and monitors and adjusts the printing state in real time; and 8, performing secondary curing on the sealing element, performing plasma treatment on the wear-resistant area, removing the support, trimming and polishing to obtain the product. Optionally, in step 1, the sealing element component parameter database is a three-level architecture of scenes, keywords and component parameters, wherein the three-level architecture is divided into a large class of core application scenes of automobiles, aerospace, engineering machinery and electronic equipment 4, and 3-5 subdivision scene tags are arranged under each class of scenes; the quantitative parameters comprise mechanical properties, environmental adaptability and dimensional accuracy, wherein the mechani