CN-121529036-B - Energy storage battery management system, control method and energy storage system

CN121529036BCN 121529036 BCN121529036 BCN 121529036BCN-121529036-B

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and in particular, to an energy storage battery management system, a control method, and an energy storage system. The energy storage battery management system comprises an ADC chip and a control unit MCU, wherein the ADC chip is arranged in a first area, the MCU is arranged in a second area, the ADC chip acquires a sampling signal of an energy storage battery by executing high-voltage sampling and sends the acquired sampling signal to the MCU, the high-voltage sampling comprises current sampling, voltage sampling and insulation detection, and isolation is realized between the first area and the second area through a power isolation circuit and a signal isolation circuit. According to the application, through synchronously completing a plurality of core functions of high-voltage sampling of the energy storage BMS in a single chip, the overall cost is reduced, the sampling precision and the temperature stability of key parameters such as current, voltage, insulation resistance and the like are obviously improved, and the overall service life of a battery system is prolonged.

Inventors

LIN QIAN
YE LIANG
Du Yigao

Assignees

浙江晶科储能有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260114

Claims (12)

1. The energy storage battery management system is characterized by comprising an ADC chip and an MCU, wherein the ADC chip is arranged in a first area, and the MCU is arranged in a second area; The ADC chip acquires a sampling signal of the energy storage battery by executing high-voltage sampling, and sends the acquired sampling signal to the MCU, wherein the high-voltage sampling comprises current sampling, voltage sampling and insulation detection; The first area and the second area are isolated by a power isolation circuit and a signal isolation circuit; the system further includes an insulation detection circuit for effecting isolation between the first region and the second region; The insulation detection circuit comprises a first isolation optocoupler, a second isolation optocoupler, a first optocoupler relay and a second optocoupler relay; The first isolation optocoupler and the first optocoupler relay are connected in series and are arranged in a battery anode detection loop, and the second isolation optocoupler and the second optocoupler relay are connected in series and are arranged in a battery cathode detection loop; The first isolation optocoupler and the second isolation optocoupler receive control signals output by the MCU and transmit the control signals to the ADC chip through the first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay; The first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay receive a driving signal sent by the ADC chip based on the control signal and realize on-off based on the driving signal, so that the battery anode detection loop or the battery cathode detection loop is time-division multiplexed; The first area is a high-pressure area, and the second area is a low-pressure area; the insulation detection circuit also comprises a detection resistor; the detection resistor is respectively connected with the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop; the ADC chip respectively acquires leakage signals under the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop so as to transmit the leakage signals to the MCU; insulation detection by ADC chip, comprising: when control signals output by the MCU are received through the first isolation optocoupler and the second isolation optocoupler, the ADC chip sends driving signals to the first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay; The driving signal controls the time-sharing conduction of the first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay, so that the time-sharing conduction or the disconnection of the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop is realized; When the battery anode detection loop is conducted, acquiring a first leakage signal of a detection resistor through an ADC chip; when the battery cathode detection loop is conducted, acquiring a second leakage signal of the detection resistor through the ADC chip; and the first leakage signal and the second leakage signal are sent to the MCU through a signal isolation circuit.
2. The energy storage battery management system of claim 1, further comprising a current sampling circuit: The current sampling circuit comprises a first resistor and the ADC chip; the ADC chip converts voltage signals at two ends of the first resistor into target current signals through an internal analog-to-digital converter, and sends the target current signals to the MCU through the signal isolation circuit.
3. The energy storage battery management system of claim 2, wherein the first resistor is connected in series with the ADC chip, the first resistor has a resistance value of 1mΩ -10mΩ, a precision of ±0.1%, and a temperature drift of not more than 25ppm/° C.
4. The energy storage battery management system of claim 1, further comprising a voltage sampling circuit: the voltage sampling circuit comprises a high-voltage divider and the ADC chip; the high-voltage divider linearly reduces the voltage value of the energy storage battery to the safe input range of the ADC chip; The ADC chip converts the voltage value subjected to voltage reduction by the high-voltage divider into a target voltage signal through an internal analog input channel, and sends the target voltage signal to the MCU through the signal isolation circuit.
5. The energy storage battery management system of claim 4, wherein the high voltage divider is comprised of a plurality of second resistors in series; the resistance value of the second resistor is 1m Ω -5mΩ, the precision is +/-0.1%, and the temperature drift is not higher than 25ppm/°c.
6. The energy storage battery management system of claim 4, wherein the signal isolation circuit comprises a digital isolator; and the digital isolator realizes the communication connection between the second region MCU and the first region ADC chip through the SPI interface.
7. The energy storage battery management system of claim 6, wherein the power isolation circuit comprises an isolated power module; And the isolation power supply module supplies power to the first area through the low-voltage power supply of the second area.
8. The energy storage battery management system of claim 7, wherein the ADC chip, the first isolation optocoupler, the second isolation optocoupler, the first optocoupler relay, the second optocoupler relay, the digital isolator, the isolated power module are integrated in a motherboard, and the high voltage divider is integrated in a daughter board; The mother board is connected with the daughter board through an SPI interface; the number of the daughter boards and the arrangement of the high-voltage divider on the daughter boards are determined according to the number of the voltage sampling channels of the motherboard.
9. A method for controlling an energy storage battery management system, the method comprising: performing high voltage sampling by an ADC chip, the high voltage sampling including current sampling, voltage sampling, and insulation detection; transmitting the high-voltage sampling result to an MCU through the ADC chip; the ADC chip is arranged in a first area, the MCU is arranged in a second area, and isolation is realized between the first area and the second area through a power isolation circuit and a signal isolation circuit; insulation detection by ADC chip, comprising: when control signals output by the MCU are received through the first isolation optocoupler and the second isolation optocoupler, the ADC chip sends driving signals to the first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay; The driving signal controls the time-sharing conduction of the first optocoupler relay and the second optocoupler relay, so that the time-sharing conduction or the disconnection of the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop is realized; When the battery anode detection loop is conducted, acquiring a first leakage signal of a detection resistor through an ADC chip; when the battery cathode detection loop is conducted, acquiring a second leakage signal of the detection resistor through the ADC chip; the first leakage signal and the second leakage signal are sent to the MCU through a signal isolation circuit; The first area is a high-pressure area, and the second area is a low-pressure area; The insulation detection circuit for insulation detection comprises a detection resistor; the detection resistor is respectively connected with the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop; and the ADC chip is used for respectively acquiring the leakage signals under the battery anode detection loop and the battery cathode detection loop so as to transmit the leakage signals to the MCU.
10. The energy storage battery management system control method of claim 9, wherein the current sampling by the ADC chip comprises: Acquiring voltage signals at two ends of a first resistor through the ADC chip; Converting the voltage signal into a target current signal through an analog-to-digital converter; and sending the target current signal to the MCU through a signal isolation circuit.
11. The energy storage battery management system control method of claim 9, wherein the voltage sampling by the ADC chip comprises: Obtaining a voltage value which is reduced by a high-voltage divider through the ADC chip; Converting the voltage value into a target voltage signal through an analog input channel; And sending the target voltage signal to the MCU through a signal isolation circuit.
12. An energy storage system, comprising: the energy storage battery management system of any one of claims 1 to 8; at least one processor, and At least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein: The memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the energy storage battery management system control method of any of claims 9-11.

Description

Energy storage battery management system, control method and energy storage system Technical Field The present application relates to the field of energy storage technologies, and in particular, to an energy storage battery management system, a control method, and an energy storage system. Background In the energy storage device, the monitoring and management of the energy storage Battery in the energy storage device need to be realized by depending on a Battery management system (Battery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BMS) so as to maintain the whole capacity of the energy storage Battery and prolong the service life of the energy storage Battery. In monitoring energy storage cells, high voltage sampling plays an important role. In general, the energy storage battery part is provided in a high voltage region, and a control circuit such as a control unit (Microcontroller Unit, MCU) is provided in a low voltage region. The information of the energy storage battery in the high-voltage area is acquired through high-voltage sampling and is sent to the control circuit of the low-voltage area for analysis processing, so that the total voltage and the total current of the battery are monitored and acquired in real time, and key data support is provided for battery state estimation, charge and discharge control and fault diagnosis. Wherein, it is still necessary to ensure that there is reliable isolation relation between high pressure region and the low pressure region, prevents that high pressure from channeling into the low pressure region, protection personnel and equipment safety. A sufficient creepage distance is generally ensured between the high voltage region and the low voltage region by using an isolation device such as an optocoupler to ensure an insulating state between the high voltage region and the low voltage region. It is also necessary to perform insulation sampling to ensure an insulation state between the high voltage region and the low voltage region at all times when high voltage sampling is performed. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage battery management system, a control method and an energy storage system, which are used for solving the problems of limited sampling precision, large temperature drift, insufficient isolation effect and system reliability, high hardware cost, large physical volume and the like in BMS high-voltage sampling in the prior art. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage battery management system, where the energy storage battery management system BMS includes an ADC chip and an MCU, where the ADC chip is disposed in a first area, and the MCU is disposed in a second area; the ADC chip acquires a sampling signal of the energy storage battery by executing high-voltage sampling, and sends the acquired sampling signal to the MCU, wherein the high-voltage sampling comprises current sampling, voltage sampling and insulation detection; the first area and the second area are isolated by a power isolation circuit and a signal isolation circuit. Optionally, the system further comprises a current sampling circuit: The current sampling circuit comprises a first resistor and the ADC chip; the ADC chip converts voltage signals at two ends of the first resistor into target current signals through an internal analog-to-digital converter, and sends the target current signals to the MCU through the signal isolation circuit. Optionally, the first resistor is connected in series with the ADC chip, where the resistance of the first resistor is 1mΩ -10mΩ, the precision is ±0.1%, and the temperature drift is not higher than 25ppm/°c. Optionally, the system further comprises a voltage sampling circuit: the voltage sampling circuit comprises a high-voltage divider and the ADC chip; the high-voltage divider linearly reduces the voltage value of the energy storage battery to the safe input range of the ADC chip; The ADC chip converts the voltage value subjected to voltage reduction by the high-voltage divider into a target voltage signal through an internal analog input channel, and sends the target voltage signal to the MCU through the signal isolation circuit. Optionally, the high-voltage divider is formed by connecting a plurality of second resistors in series; the resistance value of the second resistor is 1m Ω -5mΩ, the precision is +/-0.1%, and the temperature drift is not higher than 25ppm/°c. Optionally, the system further comprises an insulation detection circuit for achieving isolation between the first region and the second region; The insulation detection circuit comprises a first isolation optocoupler, a second isolation optocoupler, a first optocoupler relay and a second optocoupler relay; The first isolation optocoupler and the first optocoupler relay are connected in series and are arranged in a battery anode detection loop, and the second isolation optocoupler and the second optocoupler relay are co