CN-121555985-B - Surface in-situ treatment method for tungsten first wall, tungsten first wall and fusion device

CN121555985BCN 121555985 BCN121555985 BCN 121555985BCN-121555985-B

Abstract

The application discloses a surface in-situ treatment method of a tungsten first wall of a fusion device, which comprises the steps of heating the tungsten first wall to a preset temperature interval, wherein the preset temperature interval is [700 ℃ and 1300 ℃. Based on a preset irradiation mode, helium gas injected in advance is processed, helium plasma is generated, and the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall is controlled to be in a preset energy interval, wherein the preset energy interval is [20eV,100eV ]. According to helium plasma, carrying out irradiation treatment on the tungsten first wall in a preset temperature interval until the accumulated helium ion injection quantity of the tungsten first wall meets a preset condition, so as to generate a tungsten fluff layer and helium bubbles on the tungsten first wall in situ, wherein the preset condition is that the accumulated helium ion injection quantity is larger than . In this way, the tungsten fluff layer can avoid contamination of the helium plasma with tungsten ions by reducing the net sputter yield of tungsten. Helium bubbles can inhibit recrystallization nucleation and grain growth at high temperatures.

Inventors

ZHOU HAISHAN
LI YU
LI XUECHUN
LUO GUANGNAN

Assignees

中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260121

Claims (8)

1. A method of in situ treatment of a surface of a tungsten first wall of a fusion device, the method comprising: heating the tungsten first wall to a preset temperature interval, wherein the preset temperature interval is [700 ℃ and 1300 ℃; Processing helium gas injected in advance based on a preset irradiation mode, generating helium plasma, and controlling the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall to be in a preset energy interval, wherein the preset energy interval is [20eV,100eV ], and the preset irradiation mode comprises a direct current glow discharge mode, an ion gyratory wall processing mode and an induced electric field auxiliary mode; According to the helium plasma, carrying out irradiation treatment on the tungsten first wall in the preset temperature interval until the accumulated helium ion injection quantity of the tungsten first wall meets a preset condition, so as to generate a tungsten fluff layer and helium bubbles on the tungsten first wall in situ, wherein the preset condition is that the accumulated helium ion injection quantity is larger than The tungsten fluff layer is a reticular structure formed by interweaving nanoscale fibers, the thickness interval of the tungsten fluff layer is [0.1 mu m,10 mu m ], and the helium bubbles are positioned on the subsurface layer of the tungsten first wall below the tungsten fluff layer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the pre-injected helium gas based on a predetermined irradiation pattern to generate helium plasma and control the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall to be within a predetermined energy interval comprises: Under the condition that the preset irradiation mode is the direct current glow discharge mode, controlling the helium pressure of the vacuum chamber where the tungsten first wall is positioned to be in a first preset pressure interval; And under the condition that the helium gas pressure is in the first preset gas pressure interval, processing the helium gas according to a preset direct current voltage applied to the tungsten first wall, generating helium plasma and controlling the incident ion energy to be in the preset energy interval, wherein the tungsten first wall is a cathode.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the pre-injected helium gas based on a predetermined irradiation pattern to generate helium plasma and control the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall to be within a predetermined energy interval comprises: under the condition that the preset irradiation mode is the ion gyrotron wall treatment mode, controlling the helium pressure of the vacuum chamber in which the tungsten first wall is positioned to be in a second preset air pressure interval in a magnetic field environment with preset magnetic field intensity; And under the condition that the helium gas pressure is in the second preset gas pressure interval, processing the helium gas according to radio frequency waves emitted by an ion cyclotron resonance heating antenna of the fusion device, generating helium plasma and controlling the incident ion energy to be in the preset energy interval.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the frequency of the radio frequency wave matches the cyclotron resonance frequency of helium ions in the magnetic field environment, the power of the radio frequency wave being in a preset power interval.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the pre-injected helium gas based on a predetermined irradiation pattern to generate helium plasma and control the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall to be within a predetermined energy interval comprises: controlling the helium pressure of the vacuum chamber in which the tungsten first wall is positioned to be in a third preset pressure interval under the condition that the preset irradiation mode is the induction electric field auxiliary mode; Exciting a central solenoid coil of the fusion device to generate an induction electric field under the condition that the helium gas pressure is in the third preset gas pressure interval; according to the induction electric field, the helium is broken down, and initial helium plasma is generated; and processing the initial helium plasma according to a preset auxiliary heating mode, generating the helium plasma and controlling the energy of the incident ions to be in the preset energy interval.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined auxiliary heating means comprises at least one of electron cyclotron resonance heating, ion cyclotron resonance heating, and neutral beam injection.
7. A tungsten first wall constructed based on the method of any one of claims 1-6.
8. A fusion device is characterized in that, the fusion device comprising a tungsten first wall according to claim 7.

Description

Surface in-situ treatment method for tungsten first wall, tungsten first wall and fusion device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion, in particular to a surface in-situ treatment method of a tungsten first wall of a fusion device, the tungsten first wall and the fusion device. Background In the related art, a tungsten first wall made of a tungsten material is generally applied to a nuclear fusion device as a component directly facing plasma to receive bombardment of the plasma due to characteristics of high melting point, low sputtering rate, low tritium retention and the like. However, in the service process of the first wall of tungsten, the surface of the first wall of tungsten is easy to have problems of recrystallization embrittlement, coarsening of crystal grains, physical sputtering, permeation of hydrogen isotopes and the like, so that the first wall of tungsten is difficult to meet the use requirement of the nuclear fusion device. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a surface in-situ treatment method of a tungsten first wall of a fusion device, the tungsten first wall and the fusion device. The embodiment of the application provides a surface in-situ treatment method of a tungsten first wall of a fusion device, which comprises the following steps: heating the tungsten first wall to a preset temperature interval, wherein the preset temperature interval is [700 ℃ and 1300 ℃; based on a preset irradiation mode, processing the pre-injected helium gas, generating helium plasma, and controlling the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall to be in a preset energy interval, wherein the preset energy interval is [20eV,100eV ]; According to the helium plasma, carrying out irradiation treatment on the tungsten first wall in the preset temperature interval until the accumulated helium ion injection quantity of the tungsten first wall meets a preset condition, so as to generate a tungsten fluff layer and helium bubbles on the tungsten first wall in situ, wherein the preset condition is that the accumulated helium ion injection quantity is larger than 。 Thus, the tungsten first wall is heated to a preset temperature interval of [700 ℃,1300 ]. Then, based on a preset irradiation mode, helium gas injected in advance is processed, helium plasma is generated, and the energy of incident ions of the helium plasma reaching the tungsten first wall is controlled to be in a preset energy interval, wherein the preset energy interval is [20eV,100eV ]. Then, according to helium plasma, carrying out irradiation treatment on the tungsten first wall in a preset temperature interval until the accumulated helium ion injection quantity of the tungsten first wall meets a preset condition, so as to generate a tungsten fluff layer and helium bubbles on the tungsten first wall in situ, wherein the preset condition is that the accumulated helium ion injection quantity is larger than. Therefore, the generated tungsten fluff layer can capture tungsten atoms sputtered by impurity ion bombardment, the net sputtering yield of tungsten is reduced through the geometric redeposition effect, and helium plasma is prevented from being polluted by tungsten ions. The generated helium bubbles can fix the subgrain boundary or the grain boundary of tungsten through the Zener pinning effect, effectively inhibit recrystallization nucleation and grain growth at high temperature, and maintain the mechanical strength of tungsten materials. And the tungsten fluff layer and the helium bubble network together form a diffusion barrier of the hydrogen isotope, so that a continuous diffusion channel of the hydrogen isotope can be destroyed, the steady-state permeation quantity of hydrogen, deuterium, tritium and other ions in a tungsten matrix is reduced, and the safety of the fusion device is ensured. In addition, the tungsten fluff layer also has the characteristics of low Young modulus and foam-like quality, can be expanded and contracted freely, releases surface thermal stress under transient thermal load, and improves the thermal shock resistance. In certain embodiments, the preset irradiance pattern includes a direct current glow discharge pattern, an ion gyratory wall treatment pattern, and an induced electric field assist pattern. Thus, the preset irradiation modes include a direct current glow discharge mode, an ion gyratory wall treatment mode, and an induced electric field assist mode. In this way, by providing irradiation modes such as a direct current glow discharge mode, an ion gyrotron wall treatment mode, an induced electric field auxiliary mode and the like, the full-working-condition scene from shutdown overhaul to daily operation of the fusion device can be covered. In some embodiments, the processing the pre-injected helium gas based on the preset irradiation mode, generating helium plasma and controlling the energy of incident ions of the helium plas