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CN-121572081-B - Machine tool shank chip clamping detection system and detection method

CN121572081BCN 121572081 BCN121572081 BCN 121572081BCN-121572081-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a chip blocking detection system and method for a machine tool handle, wherein the detection system comprises an acquisition module, a transmission module and a processing module, the acquisition module is connected with the transmission module and used for acquiring the rotating speed of the machine tool handle during processing and the distance between the machine tool handle and the transmission module, the transmission module is connected with the acquisition module and the processing module and used for acquiring real-time data, the real-time data comprise the rotating speed of the machine tool handle during processing, the acquisition frequency of the acquisition module and the distance between the acquisition module and the machine tool handle, and the real-time data are transmitted to the processing module.

Inventors

  • Tian Erxia
  • CHEN YANG
  • WU BIN

Assignees

  • 友机技术(上海)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251219

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a lathe handle of a knife card bits detecting system which characterized in that includes: The device comprises an acquisition module, a transmission module and a processing module; the acquisition module is connected with the transmission module and is used for acquiring the rotating speed n of the machine tool handle during processing and the distance x (i) between the machine tool handle; The transmission module is connected with the acquisition module and the processing module and is used for acquiring real-time data, wherein the real-time data comprises a rotating speed n acquired by the acquisition module and used for processing a machine tool handle, an acquisition frequency f of the acquisition module and a distance x (i) between the acquisition module and the machine tool handle; The processing module is connected with the machine tool and is used for obtaining an actual vibration quantity V 1 (m) of the machine tool handle during processing according to real-time data processing analysis, judging whether chip clamping exists according to the actual vibration quantity, and sending an alarm and controlling the machine tool handle to stop processing if the chip clamping exists; the acquisition module comprises an eddy current sensor (1) and a bracket; The eddy current sensor (1) is arranged on the bracket; the electric vortex sensor (1) is connected with the transmission module; the acquisition frequency of the eddy current sensor (1) is sampling frequency f, and the detection distance of the eddy current sensor (1) is x (i); the bracket comprises a fixed seat (2), a connecting seat (3) and a mounting seat (4); The fixed seat (2) is fixedly arranged on the machine tool, the mounting seat (4) is arranged on the fixed seat (2) through the connecting seat (3), and the eddy current sensor (1) is arranged on the mounting seat (4); the distance between the electric vortex sensor (1) and the tool shank of the machine tool is 0.3-3 mm; The shape of the fixing seat (2) is a sector plate, a sector through hole (21) is formed in the middle of the fixing seat, and the central angle of the sector through hole (21) is 60-90 degrees; Two long holes (22) are formed above the fan-shaped through hole (21) along the circumferential direction and are used for realizing fine adjustment of the mounting position of the fixing seat (2); the length of the long hole (22) is 25-30 mm, and the width is 6-8 mm.
  2. 2. The tool shank chip detection system according to claim 1, wherein, The connecting seat (3) is L-shaped and is provided with a horizontal section (31) and a vertical section (32) which are integrally formed; The horizontal section (31) is provided with a first connecting hole (33) for connecting the fixed seat (2), the vertical section (32) is provided with a first mounting hole (34) for arranging the mounting seat (4), and the first mounting hole (34) is a waist-shaped hole extending along the vertical direction; the length of the waist-shaped hole is 15-20 mm, the width is 5-6 mm.
  3. 3. The tool shank chip detection system according to claim 2, wherein, The vertical section (32) comprises a first step (35) and a second step (36); the second step part (36) is connected to the horizontal section (31); the thickness of the first step part (35) is smaller than that of the second step part (36), and the first mounting hole (34) is positioned at the first step part (35).
  4. 4. The tool shank chip detection system according to claim 1, wherein, The mounting seat (4) is of a block structure and is provided with a second connecting hole (41) and a second mounting hole (42); the mounting seat (4) is connected with the connecting seat (3) through a second connecting hole (41), and the second mounting hole (42) is used for mounting the eddy current sensor.
  5. 5. A method of detecting a chip-sticking detection system for a tool shank of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: S1, a processing module acquires real-time data transmitted by a transmission module; S2, processing real-time data by a processing module and performing period segmentation to obtain an effective period set with high consistency; s3, the processing module fits a smooth contour of each effective period through a RANSAC algorithm, and calculates a detection residual error to obtain a detection run-out curve of each effective period; s4, the processing module obtains an actual runout V 1 (m) according to the detection runout curve of each effective period; And judging that card scraps exist when V 1 （m）＞V t and judging that no card scraps exist when V 1 （m）≤V t , wherein V t is a detection threshold value.

Description

Machine tool shank chip clamping detection system and detection method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machine tool shank chip clamping detection system and a detection method. Background In the field of machining, in particular in the context of aluminum alloy machining, the tool shank of a machine tool serves as a core component connecting a spindle with a tool, the operating state of which directly determines the machining accuracy, the tool life and the workpiece quality. Aluminum scraps generated in the aluminum alloy processing process are easy to adhere to the surface of the cutter handle, and even if the main shaft is usually provided with an air blowing cleaning device during tool changing, the problem that the aluminum scraps are clamped into a fit gap between the cutter handle and the main shaft is difficult to avoid, which is particularly remarkable on the cutter handle adopting BT, HSK, CAT standard interfaces. The tool handle is matched with the inner hole of the main shaft in a high rigidity manner through the conical surface, the blind rivet or the clamping mechanism arranged in the tool handle is used for guaranteeing the clamping stability during high-speed rotation, and aluminum scraps clamped into the conical surface, the blind rivet groove or the matching interface can damage the precise matching relationship, so that the deviation of the tool length or the abnormal jumping value is caused, the dimension of a workpiece is directly caused to be out of tolerance, and the obvious quality risk is brought. With the development of high-speed cutting, precision machining and intelligent manufacturing technologies, the requirements on the operation stability of a cutter handle are increasingly improved, and real-time detection of card scraps becomes a key requirement for guaranteeing the machining safety and quality. If the chip clamping problem is not found timely, a series of linkage risks are caused, namely, from a processing quality level, the chip clamping can lead to eccentric rotation of a cutter handle and reduced system rigidity, so that processing vibration is increased, workpiece surface roughness is deteriorated, irreversible defects such as size out-of-tolerance and the like even occur, from an equipment safety level, the chip clamping can lead to the cutter handle not to be completely inserted into a main shaft or insufficient clamping force, so that a cutter loosens or even falls off in high-speed rotation, the precision of the main shaft and the personal safety of operators are seriously threatened, from an economic cost level, the long-term chip clamping can accelerate the abrasion of a matching surface of the main shaft and the cutter handle, the service life of key parts is shortened, meanwhile, the equipment maintenance cost and the unplanned downtime are increased, and the production efficiency is remarkably reduced. At present, detection and prevention means for knife handle card scraps in the industry can be mainly classified into four types, but all have obvious technical defects: The first is manual visual inspection, namely an operator performs inspection on the conical surface of the cutter handle and the blind rivet area through naked eyes or by means of tools such as a magnifying glass, a flashlight and the like before and after tool changing. The method is simple and visual, has extremely low efficiency, is difficult to adapt to an automatic and high-beat modern production line, has extremely high influence on detection results by experience, fatigue degree and illumination conditions of operators, has high subjectivity, and has extremely high detection rate on tiny card scraps hidden in the interior of the rivet hole or in a conical surface tiny gap. And secondly, detecting air pressure/air tightness, wherein part of high-end machine tools are provided with the system, blowing air to the spindle before tool changing, and judging whether foreign matter blockage exists or not by monitoring air pressure change. However, the core of the technology is used for evaluating the cleaning state of the end face of the main shaft, the chip clamping detection capability of the cutter handle body (particularly the cutter handle in the non-installation state) is limited, the chip clamping position cannot be accurately positioned, the chip clamping severity cannot be evaluated, and the application scene has obvious limitation. Thirdly, the image recognition technology is primarily applied, the handle image is shot through an industrial camera, and the foreign matters on the surface are recognized by combining an algorithm. But the prior proposal has extremely poor adaptability, namely, the material quality (steel, hard alloy and the like) of the cutter handle, the surface treatment (plating, oxidation and the like), the difference of illumination conditions and the diversity of the chip clamping forms (greasy dirt mixe