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CN-121601340-B - Multilayer-shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and preparation method thereof

CN121601340BCN 121601340 BCN121601340 BCN 121601340BCN-121601340-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and solves the problems of insufficient vibration fatigue resistance and high-energy radiation performance of the existing cable for aerospace, and particularly discloses a multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable comprises an insulating layer, an inner shielding layer, a buffer bonding layer and an outer shielding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the insulating layer is internally provided with a conductor core and an optical fiber bundle, the insulating layer comprises a bonding transition layer, a core insulating layer and a radiation-resistant protective layer from inside to outside, the inner shielding layer comprises a nano silver conductive film and a silicone rubber elastic layer, the nano silver conductive film is arranged on the inner side of the silicone rubber elastic layer, the outer shielding layer is provided with a nickel-copper alloy wire woven net, and the buffer bonding layer is provided with a modified polyimide adhesive layer. The invention is used for the optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and the preparation process thereof, and ensures the shielding, buffering and interlayer bonding performances of the cable by controlling the inner shielding layer, the buffering bonding layer and related preparation parameters, thereby adapting to the application requirements of aerospace.

Inventors

  • SHI XIAOLEI

Assignees

  • 四川雷神电缆股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260129

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable is characterized by comprising an insulating layer, an inner shielding layer, a buffer bonding layer and an outer shielding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the insulation layer is internally provided with a conductor core and an optical fiber bundle, and comprises a bonding transition layer, a core insulation layer and a radiation-resistant protective layer from inside to outside; The inner shielding layer comprises a nano silver conductive film and a silicon rubber elastic layer, wherein the nano silver conductive film is arranged on the inner side of the silicon rubber elastic layer, and the inner shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic signals and buffering vibration; The outer shielding layer is provided with a nickel-copper alloy wire woven mesh and is used for providing an electromagnetic barrier in cooperation with the inner shielding layer and providing chemical erosion protection; The buffer bonding layer is provided with a modified polyimide adhesive layer, and the modified polyimide adhesive layer is modified by introducing flexible groups and is used for bonding the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer; the bonding transition layer is composed of modified polyimide resin, and is provided with a concave groove structure for restraining the inner conductor core and the optical fiber bundle; The core insulating layer is made of a perfluorinated polyether modified polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, and spiral groove textures are formed on the inner side surface of the core insulating layer; the radiation-resistant protective layer consists of phenyl silicone rubber modified polyether-ether-ketone resin, and annular ribs are integrally formed on the outer surface along the circumferential direction and distributed at equal intervals; the method for preparing the multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable comprises the following steps: S100, preparing a hollow conductor core and finishing the attaching and laying of the optical fiber bundle; s200, sequentially forming a bonding transition layer, a core insulating layer and a radiation-resistant protective layer on the outer sides of the conductor core and the optical fiber bundle to form an insulating layer; s300, preparing an inner shielding layer outside the insulating layer and coating a buffer bonding layer; s400, weaving a formed outer shielding layer on the outer side of the buffer bonding layer, and performing finished product post-treatment; the S200 includes: S201, preparing a bonding transition layer on the outer sides of a conductor core and an optical fiber bundle by adopting an extrusion molding process, integrating an online thickness monitoring sensor and an extrusion speed closed-loop control system by a system in the molding process, collecting thickness data of the bonding transition layer in real time, comparing the thickness data with a preset thickness threshold, and automatically adjusting the rotating speed of an extruder by the system when the monitored thickness deviates from the threshold, wherein the adjusting amplitude and the thickness deviation are in linear positive correlation; s202, preparing a core insulating layer outside the bonding transition layer by adopting a fusion coating process, monitoring the temperature of a coating melt in real time through an infrared temperature sensor, controlling the temperature fluctuation of the coating melt, monitoring the depth and the screw pitch of the texture of the inner side surface spiral groove of the core insulating layer through a laser profile sensor, and automatically adjusting the parameter of the spiral texture of the coating mold and the coating travelling speed when the texture parameter deviates from a preset value, and controlling the screw pitch of the texture of the inner side surface spiral groove of the core insulating layer; S203, preparing a radiation-resistant protective layer outside the core insulating layer by adopting an injection molding process, integrating a visual detection system by the system to identify the molding size and the interval of the annular rib in real time, acquiring injection molding pressure data by combining a pressure sensor, automatically adjusting the injection pressure of an injection molding machine and the opening and closing speed of a mold by the system when the size and the interval of the annular rib deviate from preset values, integrally molding the annular rib in the molding process, and controlling the molding size and the interval of the annular rib.
  2. 2. The multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable according to claim 1, wherein the conductor core is hollow, the conductor core is formed by layering and twisting a plurality of superfine aluminum magnesium alloy wires, the optical fiber bundles comprise polyimide coated single-mode optical fibers, the optical fiber bundles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the hollow conductor core and are attached to the conductor core, and the arc shape of the attaching surface of the optical fiber bundles and the conductor core is consistent with the outer surface of the conductor core.
  3. 3. The multi-layer shielded optical fiber composite aerospace cable of claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the inner shielding layer is 0.08mm-0.12mm, the thickness of the nano silver film is 0.05mm-0.07mm, the thickness of the silicon rubber layer is 0.03-0.05mm, the particle size of the nano silver particles is 20 nm-50 nm, and the radiation resistance dose is not less than 10 8 rads.
  4. 4. The multilayer-shielded optical fiber composite type aerospace cable according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the buffer bonding layer is 0.03-0.05 mm, the bonding strength is not less than 1.5N/mm, the elongation at break is not less than 20%, and the temperature resistance range is-200 ℃ to +260 ℃.
  5. 5. The multi-layer shielded optical fiber composite aerospace cable of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the nickel-copper alloy wires of the outer shielding layer is 0.1mm-0.15mm, the braiding angle is 30-45 degrees, the braiding density is more than or equal to 95%, the shielding attenuation is more than or equal to 85dB, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 500MPa.
  6. 6. The multi-layer shielded optical fiber composite aerospace cable of claim 1, wherein S100 further comprises: S101, selecting a plurality of ultrafine aluminum magnesium alloy wires, forming a hollow conductor core by adopting a layering twisting process, wherein the twisting pitch is controlled to be 8-12 times of the outer diameter of the conductor core in the twisting process; S102, selecting a polyimide coated single-mode fiber, cutting and finishing to form an optical fiber bundle, and enabling the arc shape of the joint surface of the optical fiber bundle and the conductor core to be consistent with the outer surface of the conductor core; And S103, uniformly distributing and attaching the optical fiber bundles along the circumference of the hollow conductor core, positioning by adopting a temporary adhesive in the fixing process, and removing the temporary adhesive through pyrolysis after the fixing is finished.
  7. 7. The multi-layer shielded optical fiber composite aerospace cable of claim 1, wherein S300 further comprises: S301, depositing a nano silver conductive film outside an insulating layer by adopting a magnetron sputtering process, integrating a plasma density monitoring sensor and a sputtering power closed-loop control system by a system, monitoring the plasma density of a sputtering area in real time, automatically adjusting the sputtering power and the argon flow when the density deviates from a preset range, and controlling the particle size of nano silver particles; S302, preparing a silicon rubber elastic layer outside the nano silver conductive film by adopting a coating and curing process, monitoring the temperature of a curing environment in real time through a temperature sensor, and controlling the temperature fluctuation of the curing environment so as to control the curing temperature, time and thickness of the silicon rubber elastic layer; S303, coating a modified polyimide adhesive layer on the outer side of the silicone rubber elastic layer by adopting a spraying process, integrating a coating thickness sensor and a spraying pressure closed-loop control system, collecting coating thickness data in real time, automatically adjusting the spraying pressure and the advancing speed of a spraying gun when the thickness deviates from a preset range, controlling the coating thickness of the modified polyimide adhesive layer, monitoring the humidity of a coating environment by using a humidity sensor, automatically starting a dehumidifying device by using the system and adjusting low-temperature curing time when the humidity deviates from a preset value, controlling the humidity and the low-temperature curing time of the coating environment, and performing low-temperature curing treatment after coating to control the temperature and the time of low-temperature curing.

Description

Multilayer-shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and a preparation method thereof. Background In the aerospace field, cables are used as key 'electric lifelines' and need to face multiple severe tests such as temperature change, severe vibration, high-energy radiation, vacuum deflation and the like. In the prior art, the conventional aerospace cable has the defects that firstly, vibration resistance and radiation resistance are difficult to be compatible, a conventional shielding layer is easy to fatigue fracture after 10 6-109 vibration cycles, so that electromagnetic interference protection is invalid, secondly, the design of separating power transmission from high-speed data transmission is needed, the power cable and the communication cable are required to be independently arranged, a large amount of cabin space is occupied, and the number of joints is increased, so that fault points are increased. In order to solve the above problems, the cable in the prior art attempts to improve flexibility by using stranded conductors, enhances protection by using a metal shielding layer, and needs to adopt a multi-layer shielding technology if the protection effect is to be improved, but the cable with the multi-layer shielding structure generally has bottlenecks of poor interlayer bonding force, complex preparation process and the like. Therefore, there is a need to develop a high-efficiency transmission cable integrating multiple shielding functions so as to adapt to the requirements of special application scenes in aerospace. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient vibration fatigue resistance and high-energy radiation performance of the cable for aerospace in the prior art. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A multi-layer shielding optical fiber composite type aerospace cable comprises an insulating layer, an inner shielding layer, a buffer bonding layer and an outer shielding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the insulation layer is internally provided with a conductor core and an optical fiber bundle, and comprises a bonding transition layer, a core insulation layer and a radiation-resistant protective layer from inside to outside; The inner shielding layer comprises a nano silver conductive film and a silicon rubber elastic layer, wherein the nano silver conductive film is arranged on the inner side of the silicon rubber elastic layer, and the inner shielding layer is used for shielding electromagnetic signals and buffering vibration; The outer shielding layer is provided with a nickel-copper alloy wire woven mesh and is used for providing an electromagnetic barrier in cooperation with the inner shielding layer and providing chemical erosion protection; The buffer bonding layer is provided with a modified polyimide adhesive layer, and the modified polyimide adhesive layer is modified by introducing flexible groups and is used for bonding the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer. Further, the bonding transition layer is composed of modified polyimide resin, and is provided with a concave groove structure for restraining the inner conductor core and the optical fiber bundle; The core insulating layer is made of a perfluorinated polyether modified polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, and spiral groove textures are formed on the inner side surface of the core insulating layer; The radiation-resistant protective layer is composed of phenyl silicone rubber modified polyether-ether-ketone resin, annular ribs are integrally formed on the outer surface along the circumferential direction, and the annular ribs are distributed at equal intervals. Further, the conductor core is hollow, the conductor core is formed by layering and twisting a plurality of superfine aluminum magnesium alloy wires, the optical fiber bundle comprises polyimide coated single-mode optical fibers, the optical fiber bundles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the hollow conductor core and are attached to the conductor core, and the arc shape of the attaching surface of the optical fiber bundle and the conductor core is consistent with the outer surface of the conductor core. Further, the total thickness of the inner shielding layer is 0.08-0.12 mm, wherein the thickness of the nano silver film is 0.05-0.07 mm, the thickness of the silicon rubber layer is 0.03-0.05mm, the particle size of the nano silver particles is 20-50 nm, and the radiation resistance dose is more than or equal to 10 8 rads. Further, the thickness of the buffer bonding layer is 0.03-0.05 mm, the bonding strength is more than or