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CN-121610303-B - Low-foam type composite surfactant and application thereof in metal cutting

CN121610303BCN 121610303 BCN121610303 BCN 121610303BCN-121610303-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surfactants, in particular to a low-foam composite surfactant and application thereof in metal cutting, and is characterized by comprising, by mass, 55% -65% of a nonionic surfactant, 4% -12% of an anionic surfactant, 10% -20% of a cosurfactant, 3% -12% of a functional additive and the balance of deionized water, wherein the nonionic surfactant at least comprises fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate and alpha-olefin sulfonate, the cosurfactant at least comprises alkyl glycoside, and the functional additive comprises a defoaming agent and an antirust agent. According to the invention, by optimizing the nonionic surfactant combination and adopting a special defoaming agent compounding scheme, the foam elimination efficiency is greatly improved, and the generation and accumulation of foam in the cutting process are effectively inhibited.

Inventors

  • WU YOUZHOU
  • QI XIAOFENG
  • CHEN JIAOJIAO

Assignees

  • 江苏德比新材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20260202

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The low-foam composite surfactant is characterized by comprising, by mass, 55% -65% of nonionic surfactant, 4% -12% of anionic surfactant, 10% -20% of cosurfactant, 3% -12% of functional additive and the balance of deionized water; the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate and alpha-olefin sulfonate; The cosurfactant is alkyl glycoside, and the functional additive is defoamer and antirust agent; The nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether, and the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether and the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether is 35-50:10-20:3-7; The mass percentage of the anionic surfactant is 6-10%, and at least comprises one of fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate or alpha-olefin sulfonate; The cosurfactant also comprises one or more of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether, and the total mass ratio of alkyl glycoside to the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and the diethylene glycol butyl ether is 1-3:1; The functional additive comprises 2% -5% of defoamer and 2% -6% of antirust agent, wherein the defoamer is selected from organosilicon defoamer or a compound of organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer, and the antirust agent is selected from borate antirust agent or a compound of borate antirust agent and petroleum sulfonate antirust agent; the functional additive also comprises 0.3% -1% of chelating agent, wherein the chelating agent is disodium EDTA.
  2. 2. The application of the low-foam composite surfactant in metal cutting, which is characterized in that the composite surfactant is added into a basic cutting fluid system according to the mass fraction of 4% -6% to form cutting fluid, and a wet cutting mode is adopted to process a metal workpiece, wherein the basic cutting fluid system consists of mineral oil, extreme pressure agent, preservative and deionized water.
  3. 3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that the base cutting fluid system comprises, in mass percent, 15% -25% mineral oil, 2% -4% extreme pressure agent, 0.5% -1.5% preservative, and the balance deionized water.
  4. 4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the metal work piece is selected from one or more of carbon steel, alloy steel, aluminium alloy.
  5. 5. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that the cutting parameters are cutting speed 100-160m/min, feed 0.15-0.22mm/r, back draft 2-3mm.

Description

Low-foam type composite surfactant and application thereof in metal cutting Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of surfactants, in particular to a low-foam type composite surfactant and application thereof in metal cutting. Background In the metal cutting process, the surfactant is used as a core functional component of the cutting fluid, and the performance of the surfactant directly influences the machining efficiency, the workpiece quality and the service life of a cutter. With the development of the manufacturing industry to high speed and high precision, the requirements on the comprehensive performance of the cutting fluid are raised, and not only are good lubricating, cooling and rust preventing effects required, but also a series of problems caused by excessive foam are required to be solved. In the prior art, the surfactant for metal cutting mostly adopts a single type or a simple compound system, and a plurality of defects to be solved urgently exist. The single surfactant is difficult to achieve both low foamability and lubricity, and a large amount of foam is easy to generate under the working condition of high-speed cutting, so that cutting fluid is not smooth in circulation, uneven in cooling and lubrication, even foam overflows, and the processing continuity and workshop environment are affected. Although partial compound systems try to improve single performance, the components have insufficient synergy, and the forming capability of a lubricating film is limited, so that the abrasion of a cutter is increased, and the surface roughness of a workpiece is difficult to meet the requirement of high-precision processing. Meanwhile, the existing system has poor suitability for metals with different materials, and is difficult to realize ideal rust prevention and lubrication effects when facing various processing objects such as carbon steel, alloy steel, aluminum alloy and the like with large hardness difference. In addition, the compatibility of the defoaming agent and other components in the traditional system is poor, the long-acting defoaming capability is insufficient, the synergy of rust prevention and cooling functions is poor, rust hidden danger is likely to occur to a processed workpiece, and particularly under complex working conditions, the problems are more prominent, and the improvement of the efficiency and the quality guarantee of metal cutting processing are restricted, so that the development of a low-foaming type composite surfactant with excellent comprehensive performance is needed. Disclosure of Invention The primary object of the present invention is to provide a low foaming type composite surfactant and its application in metal cutting. A further object of the present invention is to provide a low foaming type composite surfactant, which is characterized by comprising, by mass, 55% -65% of nonionic surfactant, 4% -12% of anionic surfactant, 10% -20% of cosurfactant, 3% -12% of functional additive and the balance of deionized water; The nonionic surfactant at least comprises fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether; the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate and alpha-olefin sulfonate; The cosurfactant at least comprises alkyl glycoside, and the functional additive comprises defoamer and antirust agent. Preferably, the nonionic surfactant further comprises polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether, and the mass ratio of the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether and the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polyether is 35-50:10-20:3-7. Preferably, the mass percentage of the anionic surfactant is 6-10%, and at least one of fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate or alpha-olefin sulfonate is contained. Preferably, the cosurfactant further comprises one or more of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether, and the total mass ratio of alkyl glycoside to the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether is 1-3:1. Preferably, the functional additive comprises 2% -5% of defoamer and 2% -6% of antirust agent, wherein the defoamer is selected from organosilicon defoamer or a compound of organosilicon defoamer and polyether defoamer, and the antirust agent is selected from borate antirust agent or a compound of borate antirust agent and petroleum sulfonate antirust agent. Preferably, the functional additive further comprises 0.3% -1% of a chelating agent, wherein the chelating agent is disodium EDTA. Preferably, the application of the low-foam composite surfactant in metal cutting is that the composite surfactant is added into a basic cutting fluid system according to the mass fraction of 4% -6% to form cutting fluid, and a wet cutting mode is adopted to process a metal workpiece, wherein the basic cutting fluid system consists of mineral oil, extreme pre