CN-121613455-B - Method and system for analyzing deformation time sequence of hydro-junction InSAR

CN121613455BCN 121613455 BCN121613455 BCN 121613455BCN-121613455-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deformation time sequence analysis, in particular to a method and a system for analyzing a deformation time sequence of an InSAR of a water conservancy junction. According to the invention, a radar image data set covering a key structure area is constructed, topography and atmospheric interference factors are stripped, a long-term stable scatterer point is extracted, the deformation speed and the elevation error of the scatterer point are calculated, continuous time sequence analysis of structure deformation is realized, the precision and the anti-interference capability of a result are improved through multi-source data fusion and phase expression optimization, high-quality deformation information inversion is completed by combining track parameters and atmospheric correction data, the identification capability of the stability change trend of a key structure is enhanced, and the wide-area coverage, high timeliness and low-dependency efficient monitoring of a hydraulic junction facility is realized.

Inventors

ZHU LICHAO
YU ZHILONG
ZHANG LIANG
Chu fuyu
LI HONGDA
YU RUIKUN
LIANG YUKE
ZHANG DEKAI
WANG HENG
YU QIN

Assignees

山东省水利勘测设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (7)

1. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, screening radar images of a sluice, a pump station and a dyke area, acquiring SAR images, synchronously acquiring SRTM digital elevation model data, POD track data and GACOS atmospheric delay data, and performing sequence arrangement according to an image time tag to construct an interference radar data set; S2, setting a main image and an auxiliary image based on SAR images in the interferometric radar data set, executing registration operation, performing terrain phase calculation, overlapping each pair of interference pair data, and stripping terrain components to construct a differential interferogram structure matrix; s3, calculating an amplitude dispersion index of each pixel according to the differential interferogram structure matrix, screening permanent scatterer points smaller than a preset dispersion threshold, recording a spatial index, setting the spatial index as an interference modeling control point, analyzing phase change characteristics of adjacent PS points, and establishing an interference phase expression matrix; s4, calculating deformation speed quantity and elevation error value of each permanent scatterer point based on the interference phase expression matrix, establishing coordinate-speed mapping, and generating directional deformation speed data; S5, according to the direction deformation speed data, performing LOS (LOSs of speed) conversion from speed to vertical speed, and mapping to a geographic coordinate system by combining coordinate mapping parameters in the main image to construct a water conservancy junction InSAR deformation time sequence analysis result; The interference phase expression matrix obtaining step specifically comprises the following steps: S311, acquiring the differential interferogram structure matrix, extracting an interference amplitude value sequence of each pixel, carrying out standard deviation and mean statistics on the sequence, and calculating an amplitude deviation index of each pixel to obtain amplitude deviation index data; S312, comparing the amplitude dispersion indexes of all pixels with a preset dispersion threshold pixel by pixel according to the amplitude dispersion index data, screening pixel points smaller than the preset dispersion threshold, extracting two-dimensional spatial index coordinates of corresponding pixel points in an interferogram, establishing a coordinate structure list, and obtaining a permanent scatterer spatial index set; S313, extracting phase value sequences of all adjacent permanent scatterer points in each interferogram based on the permanent scatterer space index set, aggregating phase difference sequences of adjacent point pairs, constructing a two-dimensional matrix structure of row representation point pairs and column representation time sequences, and outputting an interference phase expression matrix; The calculation formula of the amplitude dispersion index is as follows: ; Represent the first The amplitude dispersion index of the pixel, Represent the first The pixel is at the first The amplitude values in the interferograms, Represent the first The mean amplitude of the pixel across all interferograms, Representing the total number of interferograms.
2. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR according to claim 1, wherein the interference radar data set comprises SAR main data with spatial consistency, image time tag serialization data, SRTM digital elevation model information, POD fine rail data and atmospheric delay preprocessing data, the differential interferogram structure matrix comprises a topography stripping interferogram sequence, a phase difference calculation unit and a structure mapping relation index, the interference modeling control point comprises a spatial position index, a permanent scatterer characteristic identifier and a phase change measurement, the direction deformation speed data comprises a deformation speed value of a permanent scatterer point, elevation error information and an LOS direction speed mapping relation, and the hydraulic junction InSAR deformation time sequence analysis result comprises a vertical deformation speed distribution, a geographical coordinate system structure tag list and a deformation monitoring target index.
3. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR in claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the interference radar data set specifically comprises the following steps: S111, acquiring a multi-view C-band synthetic aperture radar image covering a sluice, a pump station and a dam structure area, setting an imaging mode to be an interference broad mode, arranging a polarization mode to be a VV mode in sequence according to imaging time labels of each view image, carrying out matching screening on a space coverage area, and removing data frames with space intersections smaller than a preset coverage rate threshold value to obtain an area matching radar image set; s112, synchronously acquiring corresponding SRTM digital elevation model data, POD track data and GACOS atmospheric delay data according to the region matching radar image set and time labels, constructing a binding relation between the image and three types of auxiliary data, and generating an image auxiliary data structure set; And S113, performing pairing operation on the image frames of adjacent imaging time according to the image auxiliary data structure set, and combining the image frames with the corresponding elevation, track and atmosphere delay data structure to obtain an interference radar data set.
4. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the differential interferogram structure matrix comprises the following steps: S211, based on SAR images in the interferometric radar data set, extracting Doppler frequency central values and space-time base line lengths of the images, comparing the base line lengths of the main images with a preset base line threshold value, reserving image frames meeting base line conditions as main images, marking other image frames as auxiliary images, and generating a main and auxiliary image classification identification set; s212, performing image registration operation on each pair of main images and auxiliary images based on the main and auxiliary image classification identification sets, adjusting the image position relationship based on pixel grid coordinate difference, performing interference superposition operation on the registered images, extracting an interference phase image sequence, and performing index coding according to the main and auxiliary time labels to obtain an interference pair image sequence set; S213, according to the interference pair image sequence set and the SRTM digital elevation model data, calculating the terrain phase components in each interference pattern, stripping the terrain phase from the interference phase pattern pixel by pixel, and carrying out sequence aggregation on stripping results to establish a differential interference pattern structure matrix.
5. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the directional deformation speed data is specifically as follows: S411, based on the interference phase expression matrix, extracting POD track data and GACOS atmospheric delay data, executing synchronous operation according to time labels and space indexes, performing vector difference operation on interference phase values and track error items, performing grid resampling of an atmospheric delay error field after stripping the track items, and performing subtraction processing with a residual error phase matrix to obtain an error stripping phase matrix; s412, carrying out least square linear fitting on the stripping phase of each permanent scatterer point in the time sequence according to the error stripping phase matrix, wherein an intercept item in a fitting coefficient represents an elevation error, a slope item represents a change rate in a time dimension, and the execution speed corresponds to an elevation to obtain a deformation quantity and elevation error estimation table; S413, extracting two-dimensional coordinate values and corresponding deformation rate values of all the permanent scatterer points to form a coordinate-speed mapping data frame according to the deformation and elevation error estimation table, uniformly projecting speed components of all the points in the structure body to the satellite sight line direction, and generating directional deformation speed data.
6. The method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the deformation time sequence analysis result of the hydro-junction InSAR specifically comprises the following steps: S511, extracting satellite incidence angle and azimuth angle parameters of each permanent scatterer point according to the direction deformation speed data, and executing speed component conversion operation to the vertical direction on all speed values to obtain a vertical deformation speed matrix; s512, based on the vertical deformation speed matrix, synchronously reading a mapping parameter set from the image coordinates recorded in the main image to the geographic coordinates, carrying out affine transformation on the image coordinates of each permanent scatterer point, establishing mapping between the spatial point location and longitude and latitude, and obtaining a geographic position identification list; s513, constructing a structured recording unit with a geographic coordinate as a primary key and a speed value as a field according to the geographic position identification list and the position index and the speed value in the vertical deformation speed matrix, aggregating all the recording units and sequencing according to time sequence, and establishing a water conservancy junction InSAR deformation time sequence analysis result.
7. A hydro-junction InSAR deformation timing analysis system for implementing the hydro-junction InSAR deformation timing analysis method of any one of claims 1-6, comprising: the radar data construction module is used for executing S1, namely screening a multi-view C-band synthetic aperture radar image covering a sluice, a pump station and a dyke structure area, acquiring an SAR image, synchronously acquiring SRTM digital elevation model data, POD track data and GACOS atmospheric delay data, and carrying out sequence arrangement according to an image time tag to construct an interference radar data set; the interference pair generating module is used for executing S2, setting a main image and an auxiliary image based on SAR images in the interference radar data set, executing registration operation, performing terrain phase calculation, overlapping each interference pair data, and stripping off terrain components to construct a differential interferogram structure matrix; The scatterer modeling module is used for executing S3, according to the differential interferogram structure matrix, calculating an amplitude dispersion index of each pixel, screening permanent scatterer points smaller than a preset dispersion threshold, recording a spatial index, setting the spatial index as an interference modeling control point, analyzing phase change characteristics of adjacent PS points, and establishing an interference phase expression matrix; The deformation parameter calculation module is used for executing S4, based on the interference phase expression matrix, calculating deformation speed quantity and elevation error value of each permanent scatterer point, establishing coordinate-speed mapping, and generating directional deformation speed data; And S5, executing LOS conversion from the velocity to the vertical velocity according to the directional deformation velocity data, and mapping to a geographic coordinate system by combining the coordinate mapping parameters in the main image to construct a water conservancy junction InSAR deformation time sequence analysis result.

Description

Method and system for analyzing deformation time sequence of hydro-junction InSAR Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of deformation time sequence analysis, in particular to a method and a system for analyzing a deformation time sequence of an InSAR of a water conservancy junction. Background The technical field of deformation time sequence analysis relates to systematic monitoring and analysis of deformation processes of ground surfaces or engineering structures in time sequences, and covers key matters such as multi-stage acquisition of deformation information, data preprocessing, time sequence inversion, deformation track extraction and the like, dynamic change identification and trend judgment are mainly carried out on a monitored object through a remote sensing image processing and time sequence analysis method, so that the method has wide application value in the fields of geological disaster early warning, hydraulic engineering supervision, large-scale infrastructure operation safety and the like. The traditional method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydraulic junction InSAR refers to a mode of deformation monitoring based on a synthetic aperture radar interferometry means on key infrastructure such as a hydraulic junction pump station and aims at identifying and evaluating structural stability and deformation development trend of a hydraulic building in a long-term operation process. The traditional implementation mode mainly relies on means such as a high-precision level gauge, an automatic total station, a global satellite navigation system and optical remote sensing to acquire structural deformation data, the high-precision level gauge and the automatic total station can provide higher measurement precision, manual standing point observation is usually needed, the operation strength is high and is easily limited by weather conditions, meanwhile, the monitoring range is limited, the cost is higher, the GNSS technology has all-weather operation capability and higher automation level, but the elevation precision is easily interfered in a complex environment, the optical remote sensing means can acquire large-scale non-contact deformation information at lower cost and has higher spatial resolution, the image acquisition is easily influenced by weather factors such as cloud and rain, the imaging quality is unstable, the precision and the application range are limited, and therefore continuous, stable and efficient acquisition and analysis of large-area and multi-period deformation information are difficult to realize. In the prior art, a high-precision level gauge and an automatic total station are adopted for deformation monitoring, although the high-precision level gauge has higher measurement precision, the operation period is long and is influenced by weather conditions obviously, large-range continuous observation is difficult to realize, GNSS has automation and all-weather characteristics, but is influenced by building shielding and electromagnetic interference in a complex environment, particularly obvious errors exist in the aspect of elevation measurement, optical remote sensing can acquire images in a large range, but the imaging quality is unstable in a rainy and cloudy environment, the data availability is low, the problems of limited observation range, high cost investment and poor timeliness of deformation information exist in the modes, and the continuous and stability of the deformation monitoring on key structures in a hydraulic junction in the long-term operation process are limited. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of a water conservancy junction InSAR. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the method for analyzing the deformation time sequence of the hydro-junction InSAR comprises the following steps: S1, screening a multi-view C-band synthetic aperture radar image covering a sluice, a pump station and a dyke structure area, acquiring an SAR image, synchronously acquiring SRTM digital elevation model data, POD track data and GACOS atmospheric delay data, and performing sequence arrangement according to an image time tag to construct an interference radar data set; S2, setting a main image and an auxiliary image based on SAR images in the interferometric radar data set, executing registration operation, performing terrain phase calculation, overlapping each pair of interference pair data, and stripping terrain components to construct a differential interferogram structure matrix; s3, calculating an amplitude dispersion index of each pixel according to the differential interferogram structure matrix, screening permanent scatterer points smaller than a preset dispersion threshold, recording a spatial index, setting the spatial index as an interference modeling control po