CN-121638069-B - Supporting parameter intelligent optimization method and system based on beam-arch anchoring structure

CN121638069BCN 121638069 BCN121638069 BCN 121638069BCN-121638069-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support design, and particularly relates to an intelligent support parameter optimization method and system based on a beam-arch anchoring structure, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly determining a reinforcement angle according to the pretightening force of an anchor rod; the method comprises the steps of establishing a relation between the thickness of a combined arch and parameters of an anchor rod, calculating the thickness of the combined arch to be the minimum thickness of the arch, simplifying the combined arch to be a simply supported beam model, calculating the stable bearing minimum thickness, taking larger values of the two as design thickness, optimizing the length and the distance of the anchor rod by an intelligent optimization algorithm based on an MATLAB platform by taking the supporting cost per unit length as an fitness function, and finally applying a safety coefficient to output optimization parameters. The invention realizes the automatic and intelligent design of the supporting parameters, combines the supporting effect and the cost control, is suitable for engineering supporting designs of deep mine roadways, tunnels and the like, and has the advantages of simple implementation, high precision and low cost.

Inventors

ZHANG ZIZHENG
ZHENG YUXUAN
LIU SHUAIGANG
LIU HONGLIN
WANG CHEN
SUN XUPENG
XU SHIQIANG

Assignees

湖南科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (8)

1. The intelligent support parameter optimization method based on the beam-arch anchoring structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, calculating a reinforcing angle theta of a single anchor rod according to a pretightening force applied by an anchor rod tray end; s2, establishing a geometric relation between the combined arch thickness h and the anchor rod length L, the anchor rod distance D and the reinforcement angle theta; wherein the value range of the reinforcement angle theta is 30-50 degrees; S3, calculating the minimum arching thickness required for preventing the shearing damage of the end part of the combined arch according to the surrounding rock cohesive force ch, the roof shearing strength sigma s and the combined arch span w; S4, simplifying the combined arch into a simply supported beam structure with a rotatable end part and a displacement constraint in the vertical direction, and establishing a stable bearing mechanical model under the action of vertical stress q; s5, calculating the stable bearing minimum thickness of the combined arch based on the mechanical model by combining the surrounding rock elastic modulus E, the moment of inertia I and the combined arch span w; S6, comparing the minimum arch thickness with the minimum stable bearing thickness, and taking the larger value of the minimum arch thickness and the minimum stable bearing thickness as the design thickness of the combined arch; S7, taking the unit length support cost as an optimization target, carrying out iterative optimization in a value interval of the anchor rod length L and the anchor rod distance D by utilizing an intelligent optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal anchor rod parameter, multiplying the final design thickness h design by a preset safety coefficient K to obtain a target design thickness h target = K * h design , judging that the condition is that the combined arch thickness h calc ≥ h target calculated by the current parameters (L and D) in the fitness function calculation of the intelligent optimization algorithm, wherein the specific operation flow is as follows: s71, setting algorithm parameters, namely setting initial population quantity, maximum iteration times and parameter domain space range of an intelligent optimization algorithm in an MATLAB environment; S72, initializing and fitness function calculation, namely randomly initializing anchor bolt support parameters, judging whether the anchor bolt support parameters meet the design thickness requirement of the combined arch, if so, calculating the total consumption of anchor bolts under the parameters, calculating the total support cost by combining the unit price of the anchor bolts, and dividing the total support cost by the total length to obtain the cost of unit length, namely a fitness function value; S73, iterative optimization, namely performing iterative computation in a parameter domain space based on an intelligent optimization algorithm, and reserving anchor rod parameters with smaller fitness function values until the maximum iterative times are reached or the preset error requirement is met; s8, applying a safety coefficient to the optimal anchor rod parameters, and outputting the final anchor rod length and distance.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the minimum arching thickness in S3 is: ; wherein h1 is the minimum arching thickness.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the stable bearing minimum thickness in S5 is: ; Wherein h2 is the minimum thickness of stable bearing, q is the vertical stress borne by the combined arch, and k is an intermediate variable and satisfies Wherein λ is the side pressure coefficient, I is the moment of inertia, E is the elastic modulus, and σ t is the top plate tensile strength.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the vertical stress q is calculated by the formula: ; wherein lambda is the side pressure coefficient, gamma is the average volume weight of the rock stratum, and H is the burial depth of the working surface.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent optimization algorithm in S7 is a genetic algorithm, a particle swarm optimization algorithm, or a simulated annealing algorithm.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the support cost per unit length in S7 is that the total number of the required anchors is calculated according to the optimized anchor rod length, the anchor rod spacing and the total support length, the total support cost is calculated by combining the unit price of anchors with different lengths, and the support cost per unit length is obtained by dividing the total support length.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the safety factor in S8 is determined according to the safety level of the geological condition of the mine, and the safety factor is a ratio of the thickness of the combined arch actually formed by the anchor bolt support to the design thickness, and the value range is 1.00-1.10.
8. A system for intelligent optimization of support parameters based on beam-arch anchoring structures, characterized in that it is adapted to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, said system comprising: The combined arch geometric relationship construction module is configured to calculate the reinforcing angle theta of the single anchor rod according to the pretightening force applied by the anchor rod tray end, and establish a geometric relationship between the combined arch thickness h and the anchor rod length L, the anchor rod distance D and the reinforcing angle theta; wherein the value range of the reinforcing angle theta is 30-50 degrees; the thickness design module is configured to calculate the minimum arch forming thickness required for preventing the shearing damage of the end part of the combined arch according to the surrounding rock cohesive force ch, the roof shearing strength sigma s and the combined arch span w, simplify the combined arch into a simple supporting beam structure with rotatable end part and displacement constraint in the vertical direction, and establish a stable bearing mechanical model bearing the effect of the vertical stress q; The parameter optimization module is configured to take the unit length support cost as an optimization target, and perform iterative optimization in a value interval of the anchor rod length L and the anchor rod distance D by utilizing an intelligent optimization algorithm to obtain anchor rod parameters meeting the design thickness requirement and having optimal cost; And the parameter output module is configured to apply a safety coefficient to the optimal anchor rod parameters and output the final anchor rod length and distance.

Description

Supporting parameter intelligent optimization method and system based on beam-arch anchoring structure Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of roadway support design, in particular to an intelligent support parameter optimization method and system based on a beam-arch anchoring structure. Background In the mechanical mechanism of the surrounding rock of the anchor bolt support control roadway, the formation of the compression area and the construction of the pressure-holding combined arch are core logic for realizing active stabilization of the surrounding rock, and the effect directly determines the bearing efficiency of the anchor bolt support. From the microscopic action process, when the anchor rod is actively loaded through the pretightening force or the surrounding rock is passively loaded through deformation, the tensile force of the anchor rod can be efficiently transmitted to the surrounding rock through the two ends (the anchoring end and the tray) of the anchor rod, wherein at the anchoring end, the stress permeates into the deep surrounding rock in a spherical diffusion mode, and at the acting end of the tray, the stress diffuses into the surrounding rock around the roadway in a more concentrated radial transmission mode, and finally, a stress compression area distributed in a conical mode is formed at the end part of the anchor rod. When the distance between adjacent anchor rods is controlled in a reasonable range, the conical compression areas of the single anchor rods are mutually overlapped and communicated, and a continuous pressure-holding combined arch is formed in surrounding rocks around a roadway. From the mechanical characteristics, the combined arch is not a 'solid arch structure' in the traditional sense, but a 'stress bearing belt' formed by dense compression areas, and has the core functions of directly bearing the dead weight load of surrounding rocks at the upper part of a roadway, transmitting the load to stable surrounding rocks at the outer side of the combined arch, avoiding the concentrated load to act on the surface of the roadway, and effectively restraining crack expansion and plastic deformation of the surrounding rocks in the combined arch, reducing disaster phenomena such as separation layers, side panels and the like of the surrounding rocks, and enabling loose or broken surrounding rocks to form an integral bearing structure. However, how to construct a stably-bearing pressure-holding combined arch through reasonable anchor bolt support parameter design has become a common problem to be solved in field engineering operation. Along with the deep application of the artificial intelligence technology in the engineering field, the method provides a new idea for parameter design under complex working conditions, and compared with the traditional artificial design, the artificial intelligence technology can comprehensively incorporate influencing factors through multivariate coupling analysis, so that the artificial cost is greatly reduced, meanwhile, design deviation caused by experience dependence is reduced, and waste of manpower and material resources is avoided. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a supporting parameter intelligent optimization method and system based on a beam-arch anchoring structure, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, accurate control of supporting cost and optimized engineering economy are difficult to achieve on the premise of ensuring stability (shearing damage prevention and bearing requirement satisfaction) of surrounding rock. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for intelligently optimizing a support parameter based on a beam-arch anchoring structure, including: s1, calculating a reinforcing angle theta of a single anchor rod according to a pretightening force applied by an anchor rod tray end; s2, establishing a geometric relation between the combined arch thickness h and the anchor rod length L, the anchor rod distance D and the reinforcement angle theta; S3, calculating the minimum arching thickness required for preventing the shearing damage of the end part of the combined arch according to the surrounding rock cohesive force ch, the roof shearing strength sigma s and the combined arch span w; S4, simplifying the combined arch into a simply supported beam structure with a rotatable end part and a displacement constraint in the vertical direction, and establishing a stable bearing mechanical model under the action of vertical stress q; s5, calculating the stable bearing minimum thickness of the combined arch based on the mechanical model by combining the surrounding rock elastic modulus E, the moment of inertia I and the combined arch span w; S6, comparing the minimum arch thickness with the minimum stable bearing thickness, and taking the larger value of the minimum arch thickness and the minimum stable bearing thickness as the design t